Kodi tingati utuluke madzi? Mtsinje - ndichiyani?

Aliyense mtsinje ali gwero - malo kumene anachokera, ndipo mkamwa - malo a pophatikizana ake ndi watercourse wina. Madzi utuluke kuti kulumikiza ku nyanja, nyanja kapena nyanja, ndi chachikulu, ndi mwachindunji agwere mumtsinje, wotchedwa makhwawa.

Zidzachitika mu zigwa, ndiye malo mpumulo lidakali ndi adatchithisira. pazipita kuchepa mfundo - mtsinje bedi. Floodplain dzina lake gawo la kuchigwa, amene nthawi zonse wodzazidwa ndi madzi mtsinje.

Mtsinje - ndichiyani?

Mtsinje wotchedwa amadzimadzi mtsinje zambiri anapanga mwachibadwa. Loyenda m'njira makamaka ku gwero lake ndi pakamwa pake; Izo wakudya m'njira zosiyanasiyana: chisanu, ayezi ndi madzi ena mobisa.

Mitsinje anapanga kudzera kudzikundikira madzi m'chigwa. Kawirikawiri, chifukwa mapangidwe awo zambiri nthawi zonse mvula, kusungunuka chisanu, ayezi, ndi zina zotero. N. Pakuti kumanga madamu kapena dykes anapanga Madamu kuti kungakhale nyanja kapena nyanja. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, iwo adzakhala kunja, ndipo kawirikawiri chongopeka.

Mwachidule madzi onse kukasonkhana pamodzi akulakwitsa mpumulo, palibe kukana ndi voteji.

bedi

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, njira ya mtsinje - malo m'chigwa, kuchepetsa mlingo umene kufika pachimake. Iwo agawidwa mitundu yambiri. Mmodzi wa iwo - njira yaikulu. Choncho otchedwa malo Tanthauzo pa mtsinje, ndilo mbali yaikulu ya watercourse lapansi.

Malinga ndi kukula kwa bedi mtsinje angafikire m'lifupi yaikulu yomwe zimasiyanasiyana mita imodzi makilomita zingapo. kuya si kuwonjezera pamodzi ndi kukula kwa watercourse lapansi. Ndipo nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti pa malo a litulukira lalikulu - osaya madzi. Phiri mitsinje njira mwina mathithi ndi mathithi. Mu njira yodutsamo ake kusiyanitsa meandering mmunsi mwa chigwa - m'mitsinje m'zigwa, ndi mwachindunji - m'phiri.

Zoyambazo bedi mtsinje wotchedwa oxbow. Nthawi zambiri, izo akuimira mu mawonekedwe a zenga, ndi zingwe zopota kapena mizere molunjika. Anapanga pambuyo otaya chifukwa cha amphamvu amadzimadzi otaya likulowerera njira yatsopano. Kenako, ambiri a madzi si kugwa mu njira yakale ndi otchedwa mayi wachikulire. Mapeto kapena uphwetsa kapena kwathunthu inamera zomera madzi.

Kusintha njira ya mtsinje nthawi zambiri amapezeka chongopeka. Pankhaniyi, tidzapeza zotsatira sizingasinthe, amene ndiye zovuta kuchotsa.

chigumula kumveka

Floodplain dzina lake mbali ya mtsinje, amene nthawi zonse atengeke osefukira pa kusefukira kwa madzi kapena madzi mkulu. Nthawi zambiri zimadalira kukula kwa m'lifupi njira, koma osati nthawi zonse. Iwo akhoza zimasiyana ndi mamita angapo, ndipo nthawizina - ndi makilomita.

Dothi ndi zigwa chonde kokha pamene otaya madzi madzi anasefukira pansi, kubweretsa yl. Childs, malowa kwambiri nsomba.

Masitepe amatchedwa mbali ya floodplains zakale, madzi amene ali kangapo kuposa mu zikuluzikulu, ngakhale pamene kusefukira kwa madzi ndi madzi osefukira.

Gwero ndi m'kamwa mwa mtsinje

Gwero la mtsinje wotchedwa pomwe akuyamba. Nthawi zambiri ndi m'madambo ang'ono ndi zinkapezeka m'madzi. Ngati dongosolo mtsinje ali zambiri amanena, makamaka adzakhala mmodzi kuti kwambiri kapena mkulu madzi, kapena kukafika m'kamwa mwa watercourse lapansi. Nthawi zambiri chiyambi cha mumtsinje kuonedwa ngati confluence wa amatunga kapena madzi.

Pakamwa - malo imene watercourse umayenda. Zimenezi zingakhale aliyense nyanja, nyanja, dziwe, mtsinje wina. Kapangidwe awo ndi osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, nthawizina confluence ndi thupi madzi ungadzakhazikitsidwe wa ankadziwana kapena mulomo.

Kama wa mtsinje, floodplain, magwero ndi pakamwa - si onse amene amadziwika ndi mtsinje. Kuwonjezera awa pali kugombe (malire mtsinje), Ayala (ndi mozama kwambiri za malo), masikono (m'madera kuya wotsikitsitsa). Anthu mbali ya mtsinje, kumene otaya mathamangidwe wamphamvu ankatchedwa ndodo.