Kudzatha mowa ndi distillate: kusiyana

mankhwala Mowa ofotokoza Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa moyo wathu masiku ano. Ndipo nthawizina popanda iwo, apo si kokwanira (ndi tikutanthauza mwauchidakwa). Childs distillate (m'munsi kumwa ambiri ndi mankhwala) akamagwira nayonso mphamvu ndi wotsatira distillation feedstock. Koma nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti rectification - ali kachiwiri distillation. Koma maganizo ndi olakwika. Only angapo kusandutsa zakumwa zokhala ndi Mowa, mu mizati wapadera amapereka chifukwa cha kuthetsa (ichi kwenikweni anamasulira mawu), alcohols kuyeretsedwa ku zosafunika.

Makampani ndi kunyumba distilling ntchito ndipo kudzatha, ndi distillate. Kusiyana pakati pa iwo ndi yofunika kwambiri. Koma kodi ine ntchito? Mfundo imeneyi ndi nkhawa zambiri. Koma kuti bwino ganizilani ubwino kapena kuipa kwa sayansi, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa zimene zimachititsa Tipindulanji: kupeza misozi chakumwa zotsukira kapena M'malo mwake, kusangalala ndi fungo ndi kulawa? Ndikufuna kuthetsa kudzera zimene kudzatha ndi distillate. Kusiyana pakati pa iwo alipo kapena kaya - "chiphunzitso cha Ambuye," chomwe ndi yopapatiza akatswiri patsogolo ndipo alibe kumathandiza lalikulu ogula pafupifupi? Tiyeni kuthana!

mitundu ya distillates

mafuta analandira pamene dzina chomwecho kwa ndondomekoyi - pa distillation, i.e. chilichonse distillation wa munali mowa osakaniza kuzirala motalikira condensing nthunzi yake. Malinga ndi gulu, pali mitundu ingapo ya distillation:

• yosavuta,
• magulu,
• rectification yoyenera.

Ife kukuuzani chilichonse pofuna kusonyeza kusiyana kwa mitundu kudzatha ndi distillate. Kusiyana pakati pawo mpaka pano!

yosavuta distillation

Njira imeneyi, molingana ndi azambiriyakale, ankadziwika mu zaka za zana lachitatu BC - njira ntchito ndi Aigupto kupanga utoto ku mphesa owonongedwa. Osachepera, ndi wamkulu zalembedwa mphindi. Ndipo n'zotheka kuti distillation wa anthu bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri wakale. Pakuti ndondomeko ntchito imeneyi cubes mkuwa wopangidwa mwa distillation chotengera capacitor, kumaliseche mapaipi nthunzi.

Choyamba, mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo bwino, penti ndi essences mafutawo. Ndipo kenako okha, chifukwa zovuta za vinyo mayendedwe ndi nyanja (zakumwa asokoneza chifukwa cha dzuwa), ndondomeko ntchito yopanga mizimu.

mafotokozedwe Short kwa ndondomekoyi

Popeza ndondomeko distillation zinadziwika mu Europe, ndi zopangira kwa yokonza mowa ntchito mphesa osiyana ndi tirigu, chimanga ndi Beet shuga ndi nzimbe, ndipo m'midzi ya American - ngakhale zomera, monga cacti.

Mwachidule, ndondomeko amaoneka ngati izi:

1. Kuyambira zopangira poyamba kutulutsa Braga - zili mowa, monga ulamuliro, yaing'ono. The njira kupanga ake zingasiyane.
2. Chophweka: kupasuka mu madzi ofunda, yisiti tridtsatigradusnaya, kuphatikiza iwo ndi madzi a shuga ndi madzi. Ndiye losindikizidwa chidebe chivindikiro (kapena kuvala Mwachitsanzo, mphira mogwirizana pa atatu-lita mtsuko umene unali mpweya kuchoka), ndi yotentha sabata.
3. A njira chipangizo zambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito shuga. Mbatata kapena chimanga akupera, mudzaze ndi madzi ndi mkangano. Panthawi imeneyi wowuma ali zipangizo, ayenera lidzasinthidwa shuga. The osakaniza ndiye fermenting yisiti ndi kusiya adzapatsa kutentha.
4. Pamene ndondomeko nayonso ili pafupi kutha, Braga ife zosefera ndi kudzaza mu kwa distillation.
5. Iwo usavutike ndi gwero kutentha, ndipo moŵawu akuyamba asanduke nthunzi.
6. The nthunzi chotsatira akulowa chubu kubwereketsa monga firiji, kumene kumaundanitsa, kukhala distillate.

Iwo ananena kuti njira yosavuta distillation chiyani salolera kuchotsedwa kwathunthu zosafunika akupangidwa ku chakumwa kubwereketsa. Ndipo ngati ndondomeko otere mobwerezabwereza kangapo, izo Sudzatitsogolera kuti kuyeretsedwa kwake kwathunthu. Choncho, pali kuwala distillate amakambirana ndi fungo la mankhwala ankagwiritsa ntchito phala. Kenako, chifukwa yopatsa kukoma ovomerezeka ndi fungo la mankhwala ndi flavored (kuika mbiya thundu pokonza ramu kapena mowa wamphesa, mapira kuwonjezera, softwood ndi amondi chofunikira ngati jini).

Nthawi zina, kuchotsa zofukiza zosasangalatsa oonetsera, kuyeretsa imagwiridwa ntchito mankhwala amene angathe kukhumudwa kwambiri bwanji mapeto ogula malonda thanzi.

fractional

Zingaoneke, kodi kusiyana: distillate ndi kudzatha - ziri monga alcohols. Koma nuance ukadali kumeneko. Si chinsinsi kuti zakumwa zosiyanasiyana ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana kuwira, ndi Madzi - madigiri 100 Celsius, mowa kudzatenga 78. yekha Pamaziko a katundu wa mtundu zotsatirazi distillation - ting'onoting'ono. njira yake ndi losavuta: pa tizigawo tosiyanasiyana kuwapeza distillation wa madzi kufalitsidwa ku muli osiyana.

mafotokozedwe Short kwa ndondomekoyi

Masankhidwe a tuzigawo twa izi amapangidwa malinga ndi ndende ya Mowa nthunzi kutentha, buku la feedstock. Mu ichi otchedwa "pervach", kapena "mutu" (woyamba chakumwa kachigawo) sanagwiritse ntchito chifukwa si zosangalatsa fungo (ndi zoipa ndithu kwa thupi). Ake akuphedwa, malinga kutentha ndi kuchuluka ethyl dropwise.

Ndipo apa ndi nusu wapakati (monga Anthu ambiri wotchedwa, "thupi Brew") amangoona ndi colorless ndipo ali ndi fungo ndale. kusankha ake limapezekanso pa kutentha kwa madigiri 90 kuti 95 Celsius ndi mphamvu mu osiyanasiyana 35-45%, pamene madzi ndi magetsi.

tailings

"Mchira" (lomaliza kachigawo) ali ndi khalidwe Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala fungo ndi kununkhira chifukwa lili wambirimbiri mafuta fusel. Ndipo ayenera mosamala ankaona kuti nkhabe kugwa chachikulu 'thupi'. Ndiye, kuti kumwa bwino, izo tikulimbikitsidwa zina woyeretsedwa khala (ndipo ngati n'kotheka, otchezedwa kamodzinso, nthawi yomweyo kupanga izo kukhala pang'onopang'ono kuposa kale, ndi momveka bwino kugawanitsa tuzigawo twa).

Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa kudzatha ndi distillate ndi dzina logwirizana la ndondomeko chiyani? Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti apange mkulu chiyero mowa ndi distillation, ngakhale mobwereza fractional, N'zosatheka: chakumwa chotsatira ndi kwenikweni azipereka fungo yeniyeni ndi kukoma. Choncho, kupanga mafakitale mowa (ndi kunyumba) zinthu distillation ntchito.

Distillation mowa koyera

Kotero, ife tikudziwa kale zimene zimapanga distillate ndi kukonzedwa. Kusiyana pakati pa iwo alipo, ndi zambiri! Rectification - Njira ya kulekanitsa zosakaniza kumadalira pa mfundo kuwombola kutentha pakati pa nthunzi ndi madzi. Chifukwa, ife kupeza madzi mpeni kumphasa. Ndipo osati kusokonezedwa ndi kukonzanso distillation distillation. Zimenezi isiyana pamwambapa.

mafotokozedwe Short kwa ndondomekoyi

Poyamba ndi Brew chotengera usavutike Reflux zinthu. Panthawi imeneyi, awiriawiri kuti anapanga pa otentha, kukwera upwardly fractionator, kugwera zida wapadera condensation nthunzi, wotchedwa Reflux condenser. Ndiyeno, ali utakhazikika ndi madzi.

Pa pamalo utakhazikika dephlegmator awiri anayamba condense, n'kupanga Reflux madzi amene amatuluka pansi mizati pansi mu chidebe wapadera. nthunzi kotulukira m'mwamba, ndi Reflux madzi loyenda pansi kucheza. Mu kutenthaku njira kutengerapo zimachitika. Chifukwa, zigawo zikuluzikulu ali kumtunda mosavuta zithupsa, amene n'kukhala condensate kusonkhanitsa mu chotengeracho.

Pa chilichonse nawo rectification chiyero pophika - osachepera 90%. Ndi njira imeneyi, mwachitsanzo, mafuta mafuta angathe kubwezeretsedwanso, ndi vinyo phala unakonzedwa ku kudzatha mzimu (zili Mowa - 95%).

Kodi kusiyana: ndi distillate ndi kukonzedwa. Kodi wanji?

Taona kuti awa awiri zakumwa chosiyana. Choncho kuyankha funso: "Mowa kudzatha ndi distillate - nchiani kusiyana ndi kuti ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kunyumba distilling?" - muyenera kuganizira woyamba wa zinthu zonse izi:

1. Pambuyo zosavuta (kapena angapo fractional) zakumwa distillation analandira pa linanena bungwe nawobe fungo ndi kununkhira kwa zinthu, zomwe ndi maziko a feedstock lapansi.
2. Mu ndondomeko rectification onse katundu izi lidzawonongedwa.

Kusiyana pakati pa distillate ndi kudzatha kale kuphikira. The choyamba - chakumwa kuti Distiller amapangidwa kuti tikhalebe organoleptic khalidwe la malamulo gwero, ndi zopangira mu izo. M'mawu ena, ngati Calvados - apulo, ngati kachasu - chimera ngati burande - mphesa. Pamene distillation ndondomeko, kupatula ethyl mkati akadali "mzimu" wa chakumwa cha - onse zosafunika, amene anapanga mu maluwa lodalirika: kukoma ndi kununkhira. Ndiko kusiyana kwake!

Distillate ndi kudzatha - distillates. Koma! Kudzatha - woyengeka, mwayeretsa mankhwala organoleptic komwe malamulo gwero ndi "kuphedwa" konse, emasculated. Ngakhale kunja kwa mpando, ngakhale wa mphesa kwambiri zokoma, koma ayenera kuti ndi fungo ndi kukoma ndi ethyl, ndipo "sikanthu munthu". N'chifukwa chiyani mowa linga pazipita - 96%? Koma chifukwa enawo - si uchimo ndi madzi, monga absorbent ndi ethyl, i.e. imathandiza mu madzi. Kenako, pogwiritsa mowa koyera, ife liqueurs osiyana, cordials, liqueurs. I.e. organoleptic akupanga yaitali feedstock, ndi oonetsera - flavorings.

m'malo epilogue ndi

Choncho, kukonza zinthu: kodi kusiyana kudzatha mowa ndi distillate? Kusiyana pakati pa iwo ndi chidwi. Akamagwira distillation, mankhwala adzatha "ntchito" pa distiller ndi kupitirira. Pamene anaika mbiya thundu otsala zigawo akhoza oxidized, ndi zakumwa ndi onunkhira. Kudzatha ali katundu izi, m'pofunika yekha kawetedwe. Kuti pali kusiyana. Distillate ndi kudzatha mnjira zosiyanasiyana kupanga mowa.