"Kuleshov Mmene" - filimu-buku gawo cinematographer

Mwana atagona mu bokosi, mtsikana achigololo pa kama, ndi mbale wa otentha msuzi eyed wosewera I. I. Mozzhuhina - ndi chisoni chachikulu, kusilira, aukali njala. M'malo mwake, si m'maso, ndithu wosewera - izo Kuleshov Zotsatira. Lev Kuleshov, wamkulu katswiri ayendetsa ndi kinoteoretik, kotero ntchito njira zitatu malo amodzi, ogwirizana ndi chimodzimodzi nkhope chithunzi Mozzhukhina zikutsimikizira kuti akamanena za chimango lotsatira amatha ukasintha kusintha tanthauzo la munthu m'mbuyomu.

Oweruza wowerenga mu nkhani

Izi peculiarity maganizo anaona ndi olembedwa woyamba chatsimikiziridwirapo mwasayansi anayambitsa Soviet makampani filimu Lev Kuleshov (1899-1970 gg.). Choncho, zodabwitsazi, kutulutsa kutengeka kwenikweni, anapatsidwa dzina lakuti "Kuleshov zotsatira". Aiming kutsimikizira m'dera chikhalidwe cha kufunika ndi ubwino kusintha mu filimu adakhalabe mndandanda wa zinthu zatsopano mu 1910.

Lev 3 kinoetyuda kujambulidwa ndi kanema lopambana wosewera mfumu AI Mozzhukhina. kokha munthu wosewera anagwidwa pa tepi, Kusonyeza alibiretu kutengeka, ndale. Kenako Kuleshov glued kanema ndi pafupi-mmwamba Mozzhukhina mwa kulowetsa pakati pa mafelemu ndi chithunzi cha mbale ya chakudya chotentha, mtsikana okopa ndi mwana wakufa. Wokonzeka mini-filimu filmmaker anasonyeza anzake.

Kinoobschestvennost anasangalala

Malinga okha, omvera anabwera anasangalala yosatheka kuneneka a "wodzipereka moona mtima Mozzhukhina masewera" imene Ndipotu anali kusowa wathunthu cace ngati zimenezi. Mu chilungamo tisaiwale kuti Kuleshov tingati anali apambana ndipo analandira mwa wina chifukwa amaziona m'mafilimu pa nthawi imeneyo kunali kutangoyamba, ndi mphamvu yake chikoka anali kuyang'anira pa nthawi zoposa tsopano, pamene anthu amakono anazolowera kukhala mitsinje wofunafuna kanema.

Ena otsutsa amanena kuti Kuleshov zotsatira wakhala kukambapo kwambiri, ndipo ambiri kuzindikira munthu kuyang'ana Mozzhukhina monga ndale. Mwina, mu ndemanga iyi, pali pang'ono bwino. nkhope The wosewera ndicho ozizira. Koma pamene kuonera chikumbumtima amabwera mu mphamvu wowerenga, ku zinthu anthuwo yomanga fano ngakhale limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, mmene anali Kuleshova ntchito mwaluso filmstrip ndiAmene "manyazi" (motsogoleredwa ndi Stiva Makkuina).

cholowa

Pofuna kuti akalandire cholowa chamtengo wapatali, mu 1969, motsogoleredwa ndi Simoni Raytburt, Amakwaniritsidwa Mmisiri wa USSR, filimuyi mphoto Film Chikondwerero ku Venice, malinga ndi nkhani A. Konoplev kuwombera ndi zopelekedwa biopic za Lev Kuleshov. chiwembu amalongosola pa munthu wa anayambitsa Institute of Cinematography, muli mfundo za mbiri yake, ikulongosola za ntchito experimental ndi lingaliro la Opanga filimuyi lalikulu. Filimuyi filimu "Kuleshov Mmene" Umuna Raytburt, ndi mwana wa Lev Vladimirovich, anawombera motsogozedwa mafilimu otchuka sayansi.

Ulusi wamba mwa nkhani zonse amatsatira mfundo Al'tshuler kuti kulenga yogwedeza chithunzi, wotsogolera akhoza kumanga calibrated zithunzi payokha anajambula, sakukhudzidwa ndi chisokonezo mu chimodzi. Wotsogolera ayenera kuyerekeza mafelemu anthuwo mu abwino wonse, yabwino kwambiri kutenga mimba ndi rhythmic mindandanda, ngati kamwana, amapanga cubes zithunzi kapena lopinda mu mawu lonse. Komanso mu nkhani filimu Raytburta Kuleshov otchulidwa m'buku "Luso Cinema" mu 1929, limene limafotokoza amasangalatsa onse wotsogolera wamkulu, amene anadzakhala kutanthauzira ntchito zazikulu ziwiri za unsembe cinematic paradigmatic.

Nsonga kwa mbuye

Mufilimuyi Raytburta Kuleshov analengeza mawu ofunika kwambiri kuti nthawi zina ananyalanyaza Opanga filimuyi novice. Maitre ayendetsa limalangiza oyang'anira mu yokonza chithunzi chilichonse pamaso kuwombera ake kuganiza za unsembe m'tsogolo. Malinga Lev Vladimirovich, unsembe pa kupanga filimu ayenera n'komwe mu script kuti, rehearsals, pamene kuwombera, mwinamwake chithunzi adzaulukira ndi yovuta mokwanira. Soviet mafilimu a kanema anayambitsa limalimbikitsa onse otsatira nthawizonse kukumbukira zimene zotsatira za m'mbuyomo kuwombera yomwe akutchulidwa lotsatira.

Chiyambi cha nyengo za ogwiritsa amasangalatsa

"Kuleshov Mmene" - filimu amene kufunika sitingalephere kukambapo. Ndipotu, kukonza film, kungoti Kuleshov, ngakhale nkomwe ntchito mu maonekedwe ake angwiro, koma izo ndithudi chinali chiyambi cha nyengo za ogwiritsa zatsopano. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso cha Leo V. Opanga filimuyi anaphunzira kuphatikiza njira Kumvetsela zochita zawo kukopera.

Ndipo Kuleshov tingati ndi wofunika kwambiri - izo kuphunzira ndi kupitiriza kuphunzira kuwerenga maganizo, woyamikiridwa ndi atsogoleri akadali kutsogolera nthawi yathu, Kubrick ndi Hitchcock mwakhama ntchito polenga katswiri wake. Ngakhale blockbusters lero ndi thrillers akhoza kukumana mthunzi wake akunjenjemera. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso wogwidwa unsembe Jean-Luc Godard a unsembe wa sizingafanane ano poyerekezera kuti ntchito atsogoleri a 1920s lapansi.