Kumangirira-ndi chiyani? Kufotokozera

Anthu ambiri amadzifunsa kuti: Kuphatikizana - ndi chiyani? Ali kuti? Nkhanizi ndi zina zomwe tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi. Mawu akuti "kumangiriza" ("kuleka kujambula") amachokera ku mawu a Chingerezi (tie) ndi kuswa (kuima, kuswa). Zimatanthawuzira zochepa (mu volleyball (yochepa), pa tenisi (masewera) ndi masewera ena), zomwe mungadziwe kuti wopambana alibe.

Mukusewera tenisi?

Sitima yothyoka - ndi chiyani? Pa tenisi imodzi, othamanga amasewera masewera ofupikitsa ndi masewera 6: 6 pa masewera. Masewerawa amapitirira kufikira mutasintha mfundo zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ngati zisanu ndi ziwiri zikusonyeza kusiyana pakati pa mfundo za otsutsa ndi zosachepera ziwiri, ndiye kuti kupuma kwapakati kukupitirira mpaka kusiyana pakati pa mfundo ziwiri zikuwonekera.

Mu tenisi yowumikizana, kuphatikiza pa masewera afupikitsidwe pokhapokha poika malipiro ofanana pa maseti, kupuma kwa tayi monga mawonekedwe a mpikisano kungathe kuchitidwa. Pankhaniyi, mpikisano amalimbana mpaka atapeze mfundo khumi. Masewerawa angapindulitse chimodzi mwa awiriwa pa mfundo ziwiri. Ndipo zinalembedwa ngati 1: 0 kapena 0: 1.

Kodi masewerawa amathamanga bwanji?

Kotero, mukudziwa kale kuti kutsegula ndikumphindi kochepa. Kodi masewerawa amathamanga bwanji? Ogonjera akugonjetsa mpikisano woyamba, ndiye wopikisana amanyamula zakudya ziwiri, ndiye kusintha kumadutsa m'mabwalo angapo. Kukhazikika kumatha mpaka mutapeza kusiyana kwa mfundo ziwiri. Mitsinje imatsatiridwa pambuyo pa mfundo zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Badminton

Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti kusinthasintha ndimasewera okondweretsa. Masewerawa mu badminton amachitika pa nkhaniyi mu masewera 20:20. Ndipo othamanga amazindikira bwanji? Mbali yomwe inali yoyamba kulemba kusiyana kwa mfundo ziwiri, ndi mphambu 20:20 amapambana masewerawo. Phwando, loyamba kulandira mfundo ya 30, ndi mphambu 29:29 akupambana mu masewerawo.

Volleyball

Kenaka, tidzapeza momwe tchuthi ikugwiritsidwira ntchito, ndipo tsopano tikambirana za kusewera mpira mu volleyball. Masewerawa amachitika ndi 2: 2. Zimatheka bwanji?

Mpikisano wachisanu (yomaliza) umasewera pa mfundo zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zomwe zingathandize kwambiri. Ngati pali nkhani yofanana 14:14, masewerawa amatha mpaka paliponse muzigawo ziwiri (16:14, 17:15, ...).

Chess

Kusweka kwa tchizi ku chess kumachitika pamene mpikisano wamakono ndi mpikisano ali ndi zofanana zofanana pa mutu wa chess mfumu. Malingana ndi malamulo a mpikisano, maseŵera ochepa amakhala ndi masewera anayi mu fast chess. Wosewera pa masewerawa amapatsidwa maminiti makumi awiri ndi asanu ndi kuwonjezera kwa masekondi khumi pa nthawi iliyonse.

Gwirizanitsani, tchisiyi mu chess imakhala ndi gawo lalikulu. Koma kubwereranso ku nkhaniyo. Ngati masewerawa atsirizidwa mujambula, osewera a chess adzasewera masewera awiri a blitz, omwe ali nawo maminiti asanu kwa osewera, ndi masekondi atatu kuti atembenuke. Ngati mpikisano ulibe chimodzimodzi, othamanga adzasewera masewera ena awiri (match). Kawirikawiri, sangathe kusewera masewera asanu okhawa.

Kodi ndi chiti chomwe chikuphatikizira chess pa World Cup opanda ntchito? Ngati maphwando khumi sakudziwa wopambana, ndiye kuti osewera adzayenera kupanga mbali yofunikira - Armagedo.

Njira

Inde, agogo aamuna adziwe kuti ndi nyama yanji yomwe ili, chess-break in chess. Komanso, pa World Championship mu 2016 mu masewero Karjakin - Carlsen, tsogolo la masewerawa linasankhidwa pa chikhomodzinso. Choncho, kumangiriza mapeto ndikutambasula kwa masewerawo.

Njira ndi masewera a masewerawa ndi zowonongeka. Otsatira a chess akunena kuti kufunafuna njira yabwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza kwakukulu, kusuntha kwakukulu - zonsezi ndi zabwino, koma ndi bwino kupewera masewerawo kukhala chitsanzo chabwino. Zonsezi ziyenera kuganiziridwa, ndipo izi zimatenga nthawi yaitali. Pa tayi-break in chess, nthawi yaitali kuganiza ndi zosayenera zamtengo wapatali. Kulamulira kwenikweni kwafupikitsidwa.

Yesani kukakamiza mavuto otsutsana. Kusweka kwa tayi ku chess kuyenera kukhala kovuta. Udindo umayesetsa kuti ukhale makamaka pachiyambi, pomwe mdaniyo ayenera kusewera molondola. Nthawi ndi yochepa, ndipo mdani sangathe kuchita mantha ndikudzilakwira.

Mpaka pano, osewera otchuka kwambiri a chess ali ndi zidutswa zamtengo wapatali.

Zolakwitsa Zonse

Ngati mutsatira malamulo a chee-break in chess, mukhoza kukhala wokonda dziko. Kodi ndi zolakwika ziti mumasewerawa? Cholakwika choyamba ndi kugunda kwa vuto la nthawi. Wosewera angathe kutsogolera bwino phwando - mwamphamvu, mokongola ndi kudzoza. Komabe, osewera a chess ali ndi mawu awa: chovuta kwambiri ndi kupambana malo omwe apambana kale. Ngati simusiya nthawi kuti muzindikire zomwe mumapindula - kuyesa kwanu kungatheke mosavuta m'thupi.

Inde, aliyense ayenera kudziwa malamulo a tayi-break in chess. Kulakwitsa kwachiwiri ndiko kukondweretsa kwamasinthidwe aatali ndi mawerengedwe. Zimadziwika kuti kuwerengera molondola kumafuna luso ndi nthawi. Ngati simunakhale mbuye wamkulu, simuyenera kuganizira kwambiri mphamvu zanu. Ngakhale "mwachindunji" cha mawerengero anu, pafupifupi nthawi zonse mdani wanu akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wopita "kumanzere."

Pa chigwirizano, muyenera kuyesetsa mwakhama kuti musewere, musaloŵe muvuto la nthawi ndipo musalole zolakwika zolakwika. Ndipo zolakwa za wotsutsa, monga lamulo, sizidzachitika.

Match

Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti kutseka tchisi ndimasewera okondweretsa. Mu 2016, New York inatenga 55 m'ma mbiri ya chess match kuti likhale mtsogoleri wa dziko lonse. Chokonda kwambiri cha dziko lapansi Carlsen Magnus (Norway) anapikisana ndi Sergey Karjakin (Russia). Woyimira wa Russian Federation kwa nthawi yoyamba kuchokera mu 2008 adagwira nawo pamsewero wa mutu wa chess mfumu. Maseŵerawo anachitidwa kuyambira 11 mpaka 30 September. Thumba la mphoto linali milioni imodzi.

Ambiri amanena kuti kutsekedwa mu tchizi ndi chinthu chodabwitsa. Msonkhano wa 2016 unali ndi maphwando 12 (chiwerengero chachikulu) omwe anali ndi nthawi yoyendera nthawi. Ngati mmodzi wa anyamata a chess adapeza 6½ points, masewerawo adzamalizidwa patsogolo pa nthawi. Popeza kuti chiwerengerocho chinali chimodzimodzi - 6: 6, chiphuphu chinapangidwa ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa nthawi (fast chess). Kenako Aramagedo ndi blitz sizinkafunika. M'masewera awa aang'ono Carlsen anapambana ndi masewera a 3: 1 ndipo adapeza mutu wa mtsogoleri wa dziko.

Zamanenedwe

Zikudziwika kuti tayi yopuma mu chess ndi tchuthi kwa mafani. Ambiri amafuna kufotokozera masewerawo. Choncho, purezidenti wa International Chess Federation (FIDE) Ilyumzhinov Kirsan isanafike mpikisano kuti Karjakin ndi Carlsen mu masewero a chess crown ya dziko lapansi adzasewera mofanana.

Ndipo purezidenti wa Russian Federation Chess Federation Andrei Filatov atapambana mpikisano wa mkulu wa 2016 wa Russian Federation Sergey Karyakin adanena kuti adzatha kutenga mpikisano wa Carlsen.

Mbiri ya akuluakulu

Kodi mukufunsabe, tanizani chess - ndi chiyani? Kwa nthawi yayitali yamisonkhano, yomwe inayamba mu 2005, Kalsen ndi Karjakin adayimba kasanu ndi katatu mofulumira. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti mu sayansi mulibe phindu lililonse kwa wina aliyense: Russian yakhala ikugonjetsa katatu (2010, 2006, 2008), Norway yagonjetsa chiwerengero chomwecho (2012, 2009, 2001) ndi kawiri kajambula (2014, 2006).

Otsitsi a Chess amadziwa kuti kutseka kwa chess ndi phwando la amphamvu a dziko lino lapansi. Magnus analemba zovuta zonse pamene ankasewera. Pogwirizana ndi izi, iye ndi mtsogoleri wa chiwerengerocho, monga momwe amachitira.

Pa tsiku lovuta la nkhondo yoyendetsera dziko lapansi, dziko lokonda kwambiri dzikoli Carlsen adatetezera mutu wake pomenyana ndi Karyakin, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa. Carlsen adagonjetsa masewera awiri, ndipo awiri adaseka.

Armagedo

Kotero, inu mukudziwa kale kuti tayi yopuma mu chess ndi macheza a anthu abwino. Ndipo Armagedo imasewera bwanji? Wochita masewera omwe amatha kujambula akhoza kusankha ngati amasewera nyemba kapena zoyera. Amene amasewera wakuda, amapereka mphindi zinayi, komanso yemwe amasewera ndi oyera, asanu. Ngati, komabe, zonse zimathera mu kukoka, ndiye yemwe amasewera ndi wakuda, adzapatsidwa korona wa chess wa dziko. Ngati armageddon idzachitidwa kale 60, omverawo adzalandira masekondi atatu pa nthawi iliyonse.