Kuteteza TB - zovuta chitukuko cha Njirazi matenda

TB Kuteteza zikuphatikizapo amayesetsa kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda. Iwo lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu chikhalidwe, umoyo katemera ndi chemoprophylaxis.

Social kupewa chifuwachi

Mtundu wa kupewa kumafuna miyeso a boma umalimbana patsogolo miyezo ya moyo, chitetezo zachilengedwe, chitukuko cha chikhalidwe thupi ndi masewera.

Mabanja a odwala TB ndi patsogolo pomwe nyumba, imene wodwala allocated chipinda osiyana. Chithandizo kuchipatala, chipatala ndi dispensaries ndi ufulu. Pa mankhwala, odwala kumene ndi TB pepala kwa nthawi ya olumala kwa miyezi khumi.

Malowa

Mwaukhondo kupewa chifuwachi umalimbana popewa matenda a anthu wathanzi kwa odwala matenda. Pamafunikanso kusintha matenda foci, ukhondo ndi Chowona Zanyama kuyang'aniridwa ndi kuzindikira mwamsanga, kusunga mankhwala a odwala.

Kuteteza TB m'mapapo mwanga anagwira fluorographic mosamala anthu onse, kuyambira zaka 12 zakubadwa.

katemera

Katemera ikuchitika kupewa chifuwachi ana. Iye adzakhala mutu makanda onse, kupatulapo amene ali contraindications. katemera BCG ndi contraindicated zinthu, monga:

- okwera kutentha;

- zoopsa ubongo choipa pobereka;

- kulemera obadwa makilogalamu zosakwana 2;

- hemolytic matenda a ana akhanda;

- pyo-septic zosokonezeka.

Katemera amachitidwa pa tsiku 5-7 pambuyo makonzedwe kubadwa subcutaneous kwa chachitatu chapamwamba m'mapewa za 0.1 ml ya katemera TB BCG. Lili attenuated mycobacterium TB, amene atasiya matenda, koma anasunga makhalidwe antigenic. Jekeseni ya maofesiwo anapanga pustule yaing'ono, zimene zatsalira pambuyo rumen, kusonyeza mphamvu ya katemera anapanga.

Chitetezo chokwanira pambuyo BCG ali anapitiriza kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Itatha nthawi iyi ya kukonzanso katemera zachitika, zomwe zimafunika kuti ana onse si matenda. Pamaso revaccination kuchita Mantoux chiyeso kupeza matenda TB. Zabwino Mantoux mayeso ndi papule ndi oposa 20 mamilimita contraindication kwa kukonzanso katemera.

Contraindications kwa revaccination:

- poyamba anasamutsa TB kapena matenda;

- zabwino kapena n'ngwokayikitsa anachita kwa Mantoux mayeso;

- zosokonezeka pambuyo BCG;

- matenda awo sagwirizana pa siteji pachimake;

- immunodeficiency limati.

chemoprophylaxis

Kupewa asatayike TB, wotchedwa chemoprophylaxis chofunika kwa anthu pokhudzana ndi odwala, anthu ndi tilinazo mkulu tuberculin ndi odwala mawonekedwe anafooka TB. Chifukwa chaichi, ndi isoniazid wa mankhwala ntchito 0,3 ga kawiri pa tsiku, kawiri pa miyezi itatu chaka. Pofuna kupewa zisadzachitikenso matendawa mankhwala isoniazid wa osakaniza ndi ena odana ndi TB mankhwala m'chaka ndi kugwa kwa chaka chimodzi kufikira zitatu pambuyo matenda ndi radiological chitsimikiziro cha kuchira wodwalayo.

Chemoprophylaxis amalola kangapo kuchepetsa chiopsezo mabungwe matenda, ongoyendayenda odwala TB.

Compliance ndi zonsezi onse kupewa TB ndi kuchepetsa kufala kwa matendawa kwa matenda oopsa opatsirana, kuchepetsa chiopsezo kwambiri, limodzi ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana.