Uyo kudzifufuza bacteriological? Pakuti chimene chiwembu ikuchitika? Kodi zikutanthauzanji kusamalitsa chitetezo mu nkhani iyi? Kodi zolinga ndi yachitika mayesero bacteriological ali kumeneko?
zambiri
Bacteriological Kupenda - sikutha sayansi imene mabakiteriya amadziŵika ndi katundu awo anaphunzira ndi cholinga lomanga matenda microbiological. Chofunika kwambiri apa ndi mtima wa mtundu kapena mitundu wachokera analandira bakiteriya (poganiza chikhalidwe choyera). Pamakhala kuphunzira amuzolengedwa ndi thupi katundu wa zamoyo komanso propensity kwa poizoni. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi, zimene mpweya ndi agglutination. Kuchitanso zasayansi nyama yowola, kenako kudziwika kusintha pathological.
Kugwira ntchito ndi chuma mayeso
The aligorivimu amapereka bacteriological Kupenda kugwilizana kwambiri ndi malangizo apadera. Choncho, mayeso chuma ayenera amatengedwa mu chidebe wosabala m'mikhalidwe aseptic. Komanso, chisamaliro ayenera kumwedwa yoperekera kwa zasayansi ikuchitika posachedwapa. Ndi zofunika kusunga zitsanzo mu kuzizira. Njira kuphunzira bacteriological amapereka zosiyanasiyana zotheka. Choncho, mtundu chinthu, katundu wa bakiteriya ndi chikhalidwe cha matenda zambiri amakakamizidwa kukhala malangizo munthu ntchito. Pepala amagwiritsa ambiri njira zosiyana. Mmodzi wa ambiri - ndi bacterioscopy. Koma ngati mabakiteriya ndi unfixed, ndiye ntchito wophwanyidwa kapena atapachikidwa dontho. Tikumbukenso kuti yachiwiriyo otsiriza ndi transmissibility apamwamba.
bacterioscopy
Pankhaniyi zikwapu ntchito. Kulenga iwo muyenera dontho la madzimadzi, amene investigates anagawira pamwamba pa Wopanda. Notches ayenera ziume izo. Izi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito yokonza kuyenda kupyolera lawi analandira kuchokera burner mpweya. Ngakhale Kapenanso mwina ntchito chikukonzekera nyimbo. Akusonyeza kuti mankhwala zochita kukonzekera ikuchitika utoto wake. Cholinga cha mpheto ngati - molondola, chimene chiri chofunika kwambiri pamene imachitika tosaoneka ndi bacteriological bwino. Ndipotu, ngati kukonzanso ntchito mankhwala kwa cholinga china, inu kupeza phala, kugwira ntchito bwino ndi kuti kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri.
Chifukwa wotchuka bacterioscopy
Chomaliza koma osati chosafunikira ichi ndi chifukwa zakupezeka kwa njira. Ngati anagwira bacteriological Kupenda mankhwala atsopano, kudziwa tizilomboto angagwiritsidwe ntchito zosiyanasiyana microchemical kapena kusankha ankaudaya zosiyanasiyana structural mbali bakiteriya. Mmodzi bwino? Chifukwa zolondola akhoza analandira pamene ntchito kukonzekera othimbirira. Pankhaniyi mayeso zinthu umagwiritsidwa kumtunda zithunzi okonzeka galasi. Komanso kwenikweni woonda (ndipo ngati n'kotheka ngakhale) wosanjikiza. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kudikira mpaka mankhwala ndi mpweya youma. The tizilombo ndiye atathana ndi imodzi mwa njira zinazi. Kenako, kukonzekera akuwululidwa ostuzhennoy masiyanidwe kudetsa kapena utoto yosavuta. Chifukwa chaichi angagwiritsidwe ntchito mankhwala ouma ndi mbadwa. Pambuyo amene amapitiriza malo kulongosola kudzikundikira zamoyo ultraviolet kapena lalifupi buluu kuwala imene imapangitsa chowala wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda onse, kapena zigawo munthu wa thupi.
Othandiza ntchito wamamamayikirosikopu
Izo ntchito matenda angapo a matenda opatsirana. Wotchuka ambiri a iwo TB, chinzonono, ndipo malungo relapsing. Kuwonjezera kuphunzira anayamba kuphunzira zovuta lonse wa limba kapena mankhwala a microflora lapansi. Koma otsutsa zambiri amanenanso za kusadalirika wachibale inaccuracy njira.
Mbewu chikhalidwe ndi subcultures bakiteriya
Kukhazikitsa iwo ntchito Pasteur pipette. Bacteriological ndi cytological Kupenda zimavuta kugwiritsa popanda kubzala ndi Kudzalanso pa ndondomeko ya ntchito. Ntchitoyi ikuchitika ndi Pasteur pipette, ndiye chimandiswa pa nsonga ndi tweezers. The chida lokha ndiye mozemba kudzera lawi ndipo kenako analola kuti kuziziritsa. Mwa njira, pamene mbewu akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito madzi ndi olimba TV chikhalidwe. Zingakuthandizeni kusankha ndi ilo, zolinga akuthamangitsidwa Kupenda bacteriological. M'pofunika kutsatira aligorivimu ntchito ndi chitetezo. Choncho, pamene tikugwira ntchito ndi sing'anga madzi michere ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti si anatsanulira ndi wothira m'mphepete machubu ndi machubu. Pamene kuphunzira wochititsidwa ndi chuma olimba, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri singano wapadera alowe chikhalidwe. Pamene unachitikira mbewu ndi subcultures, iwo ayenera kunyamulidwa ndi mpweya muuni lawi. Kwa chiyero cha kuyesera chubu ayenera kukhala otseguka kwa nthawi yaitali. About chida ndi chikhalidwe: tiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti paliponse kwambiri. Komanso makina bacteriological Kupenda kumafuna moto m'mbali mwa chubu pamaso kutseka izo. Kale chotsirizidwa akhale yomweyo pambuyo kupanga chizindikiro, kuti asasokonezeke m'tsogolo.
Mphamvu ya seeding
Akukhulupirira kuti njira limapereka deta olondola ndi odalirika kwambiri pa nthawi ya matenda bacteriological kuposa musanayambe zochitikazi bacterioscopy. Mu nkhani iyi, ndondomeko ya zochita chiri motere:
- Poyamba chikhalidwe choyera cha kuipitsa mbiri ya padziko sing'anga chikhalidwe, wothiridwa mu mbale petri.
- Koyamba seeding ayenera kuchitidwa m'mikhalidwe amene ali yabwino kwa mtundu wa tizilombo.
- A Patapita tsiku, wachiwiri pamaso pa chilengedwe mulingo woyenera madera onse abwino asamuka kumene iwo adzatha kukhala ndi pazipita lapansi. Izi Akuwamasula, choncho microflora yachilendo.
Mapeto - ndi homogeneous chikhalidwe cha tizilombo kuti akhoza kuzindikiridwa.
chikhalidwe Net
Ndipo umo ndi momwe iwo kupeza? Chifukwa chaichi, kwachilengedwenso njira makina. Mbali yoyamba, kusewera yofunika chikhalidwe TV, kumene ndi Nzofunikira kuti ndi yabwino kwa chitukuko cha chikhalidwe makamaka. Komanso zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito njira pamene kachilombo nyama zasayansi kuti ali tcheru mtundu wa mabakiteriya. njira makina zochokera ntchito chida chowuma ndi zomwe chikhalidwe aikidwa mu sing'anga chikhalidwe woyamba, wachiwiri ndi wachitatu mbale petri. Ndiye m'pofunika kudikira mpaka kukula madera aliyense, ndipo iwo adzakhala ndi kuima chikhalidwe choyera. Komanso, tizilombo akhoza kukhala wamkulu mu Zoutamira wapadera, kumene kutentha anakhalabe enaake (zambiri padziko 37 madigiri). Pankhaniyi, ndondomeko akupitiriza pafupifupi tsiku. Koma, malingana ndi mtundu wa tizilombo kuti akhoza kuikidwa ndi mawu ena. Tiyenera kupezeka kwa ndende kofunika oxygen. Kuchita izi, ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana aeration. Padakali ife takamba za mkhalidwe ambiri, ndipo ambiri, koma tsopano tiyeni kuganizira kwambiri zimene ndi chiwembu cha kafukufuku bacteriological.
mchitidwe
njira zovuta Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi la wodwala kapena chonyamulira angathe. The zipangizo ndi njira zimadalira zolinga zimene kuwunika, komanso zinthu zachilengedwe imene ntchito ikuchitika. Zochita kwambiri mabakiteriya ndi wapezeka mwa kuchititsa zikhalidwe magazi anatengedwa kuchokera mwa munthu kapena nyama. Ngati zotupa bwino amalembedwa m'deralo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda angapezeke m'madera vuto. Ndi mmene matenda monga kamwazi, chinzonono, diphtheria, ndi ena mungafune. Zikavuta, ndondomeko izi zikugwetsedwa pansi mu masitepe munthu mayesero bacteriological (ndilo khalidwe la tayifodi). Aliyense wa iwo amagwiritsa ntchito njira yake, amene umalimbana kupeza zimayambitsa matendawo. Tiyeni tione pa zinthu kuchokera tayifodi. Mlungu woyamba wa matenda njira yodalirika matenda ndi chikhalidwe magazi. Pa wachiwiri ndiyo serology. Pa Msabata lachitatu la akuyendayenda chopondapo. The njira wotsiriza ankaona kuti kufufuzidwa convalescents.
chizindikiritso cha tizilombo
Zikuyamba ndi ndondomeko ya mitundu yake. Ndiye penyani monga mabakiteriya angathe kugwetsa chakudya, amino zidulo ndi zina zotero. Komanso, ndondomeko izi zikhoza wodzilemekeza ndi kuphunzira zina wogwidwa ndi mtundu wina wapadera kapena mitundu ya bakiteriya. Mwachitsanzo, zotsatira mu kuthekera kwa Kutha erythrocytes cha nyama zosiyanasiyana, zotsatira pa plasma clotting ndi kuvunda kwa Ulimbo aumirira, ndi zina zotero. Zonsezi ndi mbali zapadera oimira munthu wa microcosm lapansi. Komanso, serological chizindikiritso angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikira chomaliza (koma kawirikawiri amabwera kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda za banja la matumbo).
Pomaliza
Tikumbukenso kuti chiwerengero cha tizilombo sangathe amadziŵika ndi njira anafotokoza m'nkhani. Pankhaniyi, ankagwiritsa ntchito mchitidwe wa matenda a nyama zasayansi. The chiyembekezo kuti poyera khalidwe toxigenicity kapena pathogenicity, amene silinkachitidwa m'galasi. Infection akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira kudzikundikira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Ndipo pamene poyerekeza makhalidwe a kuphunzira chikhalidwe, anatulukira pa phunziro la katundu zamoyo morphological, serological ndi amuzolengedwa, tikhoza kulankhula za zimene tikudziwa ndi wotani majeremusi tikulimbana ndi. Apeze mtundu zikutanthauza cha umboni wa mtundu ndi mtundu wa tizilombo. Ngati mayeso chamoyo ali wokanidwa katundu wina ku makhalidwe ake lililonse kuti ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti musankhe. zingapo akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti Zikatero m'pofunika kukhala chizindikiritso latsopano ndi mwendo njira zonse ndi luso. maphunziro Nthawi zina kunditumiza ku mlingo watsopano, kutanthauza njira kwambiri (ndi zodula). Ngati zotsatira zoipa analandira, zikunenedwa kuti pokonza yaying'ono-zamoyo zinakambidwa kapena sanali yotheka. Koma mwatsatanetsatane zofufuza kwa amaganiziridwa chiwerengero cha oyambitsa chonyamulira (kamwazi, diphtheria, typhoid malungo) mu Zikatero amaoneka macheke mobwerezabwereza. Izi ndi kuonetsetsa kuti akatswiri ndi lingaliro molondola zimene ifenso timalimbana.