Lancet fluke: kapangidwe moyo mkombero. Lancet fluke anthu: matenda, kupewa

Mu chikhalidwe, pali oposa 7,000 mitundu mphutsi parasitic mosabisa. Lancet fluke, kapena monga iwo ukutchedwa, lanceolate fluke - mmodzi wa iwo. Iwo Zafalikira mayiko onse. Mwamwayi, munthuyo tiziromboti zikukhazikitsa osowa, koma ndi oopsa kwambiri kwa ziweto monga imawachititsa matenda aakulu ndipo ngakhale imfa. Mu zamoyo wa nyongolotsi wakhala ndinazolowera "moyo" mu makamu osiyana. moyo wake mkombero ndi zovuta, koma okhazikika bwino. Anthu ayenera kutenga kwambiri khama kuteteza ziweto wawo kuti asawonongeke okha.

Lancet fluke. morphophysiological khalidwe

Mtundu wa flukes wa lathyathyathya mphutsi trematodes. miyeso ake ndi ochepa - kutalika thupi si oposa 10 mm ndi m'lifupi 3 mm. Kunja cholengedwa akufanana ndi Lancet, motero dzina la tiziromboti lapansi. Wamkulu anapanga nyongolotsi (Marita) zida suckers awiri - m'mimba zazikulu ndi pang'ono zing'onozing'ono - m'kamwa. trematode thupi unazunguliridwa mu thumba musculo-akulu. Minofu ndi zigawo zitatu - mphete akunja, ndi kotenga mkati ndi yopingasa. Thupi nyongolotsi lathyathyathya pa zigawo ndi ogawanika. ziwalo lake mkati ndi ankaimira m'mimba, mantha, excretory, ndi kachitidwe ubereki. Excretory ndi mantha - wosavuta. Dongosolo m'mimba zikuphatikizapo pakamwa, pharynx, kum'mero ndi intestine, nthambi awiri amene kuwonjezera pamodzi thupi mumbali ndipo itha mwachimbulimbuli. Undigested chakudya tiziromboti amasonyeza kudzera pakamwa. Lancet fluke Kapangidwe cha ziwalo zoberekera ndi zovuta ndithu. Iwo ukufanizidwa ndi testes awiri ndi deferens vas, ndi zozungulira, ochepa n'kuwasanganiza, oviduct, ndipo chiberekero ootype, amene ali pafupi 2/3 buku la thupi.

kubalana

Malinga ndi dongosolo ubereki chipangizo mtundu lancetshaped fluke amatanthauza hermaphrodites. kubalana ake amapezeka kokha komaliza khamu lachitatu. Mbewu toyesa okhwima mbozi wa vas deferens akulowa cirrus (ejaculatory thupi), kenako inapitiriza mu copulatory (copulatory) thupi. Ootype - kamera wapadera ndi chipolopolo wandiweyani. Zimadzetsa ejaculatory ritsa ziwalo mwamuna kugonana, ngalande oviduct, vitellaria ndi ngalande khomo lachiberekero. Mu ootype dzira umuna kumachitika, zinthu ❖ kuyanika ndi vitelline Kakhungu awo. mazira anapanga zimalowa chiberekero, kumene kusuntha kwa mayi dzenje zipse ndi ili kunja kwa thupi la wovulalayo. Kupita ku matumbo ake, iwo anasonyeza mu ndowe mu chilengedwe.

mazira

Lancet fluke, ndi kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe wa dzira limene ndi nthawi imene mphutsi (miracidia) m'menemo kwathunthu sformirovyvaetsya, akusowa makamu ochepa. Mu mawonekedwe tiziromboti mazira ndi chowulungika, yokutidwa ndi chipolopolo wandiweyani, ndi kapu kumapeto wina. miyeso awo zosiyanasiyana kutalika kwa 0,038 kuti 0,045 mamilimita ndi m'lifupi pazipita - kuchokera 0,022 kuti 0,03 mm. Mtundu - kuchokera mdima zachikasu zofiirira. Lancet fluke, ngati mphutsi onse parasitic, wakhama kwambiri. Munthu wina angathe kubala ku mazira miliyoni sabata. Palibe zodabwitsa iwo ziwiri zolimba chipolopolo, chifukwa pambuyo kumasulidwa kwa chilengedwe iwo kudikira kwa khamu lawo loyamba zimatha kupulumuka chilala, mvula, kutentha kapena kuzizira.

Khamu loyamba

The lonse chitukuko mkombero wa trematode lanceolate umayenda pa dziko. Udzu moyo nkhono ndi slugs kuti akhakula wake, ngati grater ndi zinenero kuchotsa mbewu zimakhala. Nyongolotsi mazira nthawi yomweyo kuwafika intestine nkhono. Pali miracidia aswa. thupi lawo pang'ono yokutidwa ndi cilia, ndi mutu ali phirilo mapangidwe - ndi stiletto. Ndi izo, aliyense larva likulowerera mu mipata pakati pa matupi a anthu amene khoma matumbo, amene anamasulidwa cilia ndipo n'kukhala sporocysts kholo. Amalakatika pafupifupi onse ziwalo, kupatula maselo nyongolosi. cholinga chake ndi tanthauzo - kulenga yaikulu zotheka angapo mwana mphutsi sindinasiye mtundu wake lancetshaped fluke. Kayendedwe ka moyo wa izo zimatengera mazana ngozi, chifukwa mwa anthu mamiliyoni mazira wagwidwa udzu, mbali yaing'ono chabe kwambiri ndi kupeza mwiniwake. Wofalitsa kumachitika m'njira namwali (by parthenogenesis). Chifukwa, pali latsopano mphutsi (rediae). Ali ndimweko, limene akuyamwitsa madzi kuchokera khamu thupi lake. M'tsogolo, kubadwa mwa redia cercariae. Kudzera dongosolo lawo akulu akamafika mapapo nsombayi kumene kukakamirana pamodzi mu apezeka ozungulira, yokutidwa ndi ntchofu. Nthawi zina mukhoza kuwerenga kwa anthu 400. Nkhono amapuma iwo nokha pa udzu. Pali ntchofu ikamauma, kuteteza cercariae ku zotsatira chowawa.

Khamu yachiwiri

The mkombero wa trematode lanceolate akupitiriza nyerere kuti adye mipira ndi mphutsi ndi. Kamodzi mu intestine zotsatirazi nsembe amasungunula ntchofu ndi mawonekedwe cercariae cysts mphutsi watsopano mkati. Izi ndi metacercariae. Akukhulupirira kuti ena mwa cercariae mu thupi la Nyerere kukuyenda kwa makamu wake mantha - ganglia, ndi kulowerera kwa kutilepheretsa tizilombo pamene kuchepetsa kutentha mpweya. amanena zikutsimikiziridwa ndi khalidwe la odwala ndi nyerere zimene zimakhala madzulo ofunda, mwachizolowezi, ndipo madzulo kapena mitambo, ozizira nyengo amaundana pa masamba udzu ngati dzanzi. Nyama (ungulates, akalulu, agalu ndi ena), kudya udzu, kumeza ngati nyerere osasunthika, ndi iwo mphutsi za tiziromboti lapansi. Kamodzi mu thupi la khamu komaliza, metacercariae amasamukira chiwindi, kumene iwo anapanga mnyamata lancetshaped fluke. Kayendedwe ka moyo wa tiziromboti kwa mfundo imeneyi mobwerezabwereza.

nyama dicroceliasis

nyama zonse amene tinadya nyerere kachilombo odwala dicroceliasis. Agalu, izi zimachitika ndi chakudya, amene ali nyerere. Ziweto kukhala lethargic, emaciated, kungokhala pamodzimodzi. nembanemba awo mucous kukhala jaundiced mtundu. Subtotal matenda - matenda enaake kapena ya ndulu ritsa kutupa.

Dicroceliasis zizindikiro za matenda ungulates monga mbuzi, nkhosa:

• chinyengo;
• tsitsi imfa, afiira ake;
• yellow mucous;
• kudzimbidwa kapena m'mimba;
• chikomokere (ndi kulephera kuyenda anatembenukira kumbali khosi ndi maso otsekedwa); zinachitikira nyama odwala si mkulu.

Umo ndi momwe oopsa tiziromboti ndi Lancet woboola pakati fluke. Kapangidwe ndi mbali ya mazira ndi mphutsi kuwalola kupirira yozungulira kutentha kwa madigiri +50 kuti -50. Iwo amafa okha zinthu pamene anati zizindikiro kutentha kuonjezera kwambiri. Ndi kukhala chimbudzi, angathe pafupi chaka.

dicroceliasis munthu

Ziribe kanthu momwe wakhama kapenanso lancetshaped fluke, matenda anthu izo zimayambitsa ali osowa, chifukwa amafunika kudutsa mu m'mimba odwala ndi nyerere. Timitu kwa chiwindi nyama yowola pali matenda abodza, osati zofuna chithandizo. Ndipo, koma, anthu dicroceliasis kudwala. Infection limapezeka mwa ingestion nyerere pa chakudya muyezo anthu (mkate, masamba, etc.), ndi kudya osasamba dambo chotchezera, pamene anaikidwa masamba pakamwa, limene pali nyerere, ndi zina zotero. Zizindikiro za matendawa:

• ululu komanso ululu chiwindi ;
• kutsekula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa;
• kuwonda;
• yellow mucous.

chithandizo

Lanceolate trematode tiziromboti kokha chiwindi ndi ya ndulu ducts. Anthu mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Triklobendazol" ndi "praziquantel". M'chipatala si chofunika.

Pamene dicroceliasis onyenga analimbikitsa kukana kudya nyama odwala. Mankhwala mu nkhani iyi si ntchito.

ungulates zoweta azichitira "Politremom", "Panacur." Mlingo amapatsidwa potengera kulemera kwa chinyama. Mankhwala anali wothira chakudya ndi kupereka m'mawa. Palinso mankhwala amene jekeseni intramuscularly.

ntchito "Geksihol" ndipo limatanthauza "Karsil" ntchito kwa normalization wa chiwindi zochizira agalu.

kupewa

Nyama dicroceliasis akuthamanga molimbika ndi zambiri itha imfa. Mbali chifukwa cha ichi ndi kuti zizindikiro za matenda anaonetsanso ndende ku nyongolotsi chiwindi amakwaniritsa manambala mkulu (mwachitsanzo, mu nkhosa pa anthu 10,000). Choncho, palibe mavuto lancetshaped fluke, kupewa n'kofunika kwambiri. Iwo deworming nyama. Monga nkhosa, ndi ruminants ena, ikuchitika zaka 1.5, mu 3, 5 ndi 7 zaka. Muyeneranso kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wa msipu, kuthetsa ananena Malo amene nkhono - tchire, miyala. Manyowa m'minda ayenera kuchotsa decontaminated biothermal njira.

Anthu dicroceliasis kung'anima zambiri mu madera kumene amaganiza pali tizilombo, koma mwa iwo, ndi nyerere. Komanso, m'mayiko ena iwo ntchito mankhwala wowerengeka. Pofuna kuti "nsomba" ndi fluke, munthu ayenera kutsatira yosavuta malamulo a ukhondo.