"Makina" Zambiri mwa nkhani organic m'njira zina. Kotero, ife sindikuganiza, pamene timapuma, musati kulamulira kugunda ndi zinthu zina zambiri. Ndipo kodi maziko a makhalidwe ndi zenizeni? Mu izi zimatithandiza ndi limagwirira la mapangidwe bongo wabwino. Mu chilungamo tisaiwale kuti nkhaniyi si kophweka, ndipo anthu onse n'zaka ayenera kukhala olimba mtima, tisanayambe kuwerenga nkhaniyi.
zambiri
Tiyeni tikambirane zimagwirira thupi la mapangidwe bongo wabwino. Tikumbukenso kuti nkhaniyi ndi yaikulu ndi kumvetsetsa limagwirira cha zochita ayenera kumvetsa ambiri a zigawo zake zosiyanasiyana. Simungakhoze kuchita popanda underpinnings ndithu ongolankhula. Tiyeni tiyambepo. Chofunika kwambiri kwa ife m'nkhani ndi maselo. Pamene mphamvu ya kukondoweza ndi wamkulu kuposa wina pakhomo mphamvu, ndi malemeredwe amapezeka. Umayamba kufalitsa ndondomeko tcheru ndipo umasamutsidwa ku CNS (chapakati mantha dongosolo). Kenako, yankho - ndi reflex anachita. The malemeredwe kuti amachita mu malo ena, likulu kuthetsa misempha chipangizo si thupi, koma ndi mbali yaing'ono chabe. Monga ulamuliro, kulandira tsatanetsatane effector malo.
Features za thupi
Chidwi kwa ife imapereka limagwirira mapangidwe kugwirizana zosakhalitsa. The reflex wabwino ali peculiarity kuti aliyense nzothandiza (phokoso, kuwala kapena zina) tikhale ndi phindu chizindikiro akamaziwononga. Kamodzi akhala ndi irritant, wotchedwa ayankhe wapadera. Zimakhala mota, secretory, chakudya, chitetezo ndi zina zotero. Taganizirani chitsanzo ichi: atangomva tikumva kuti timauzidwa kudya, adamulowetsa ndale nzothandiza ndipo akuyamba kuchita malovu reflex. Zimenezi n'zimenenso zimachitika pamene tichita masewero. Motero, thupi atazindikira kuti chiwerengero cha loadings si ndichepe, ndipo akuyamba kuwayang'anira mosamala kugunda kwa mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, mwamphamvu kagayidwe kachakudya ndi zina zotero. Ena mwa kusinthika izi tikhoza kumva nokha. Choncho, m'pofunika msanga kuthamanga mamita mazana angapo monga mtima ayenera kukhala kwenikweni ndilumphepo pamtima. Ndi bongo onse wabwino.
zitsanzo zina
Tiyeni Yendani yoyamba zambiri bongo. Iwo akhoza kukhala osati mwakuthupi, komanso m'maganizo. Choncho, munthu masamba chipinda, nthawi zonse zimitsani kuunika - reflex. Iye sakuganiza, koma basi amapanga zonse zochita kutero. Zofanana angathe kuchepetsedwa ndi chitsanzo cha nambala. Choncho lachilendo, koma kofunika oyimba manambala zisanu ndi anthu ochepa oyamba adzakhala ndi mphamvu. Koma ngati chiwerengero cha wolembetsa atathana zofunika (Mwachitsanzo, wachibale), ndiye zidzachitika ngakhale popanda chidwi cha munthuyo. Ndiko kuti, manambala adzakhala anaimba ndi reflex. Zikatero, tikhoza kunena kuti mudziwe zina zinaonetsera yaitali kukumbukira ndi yotsatira kuchokera kumeneko monga zina boma ndondomeko ya ntchito ubongo.
Kodi iwo ati?
Tiyeni tione zinthu ndi njira ya mapangidwe bongo wabwino. Chofunika kwa awa:
- Mobwerezabwereza kuphatikiza osayanjanitsika kuwalimbikitsa ndi yankho kale kwaiye.
- Wolimba thanzi.
- A ena nthawi, amene amapereka mwayi 'recharge "nthumwi osayanjanitsika.
- Pakalibe zina kuchita zinthu zolimba ya ubongo.
- Okwanira mlingo wa excitability.
- Pamwambapa pakhomo mwamphamvu ya nzothandiza wabwino.
Ndipotu, "mbedza" thupi kovuta. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti padziko khungu anthu ambiri mabakiteriya. Ndipo ngati ife tinali zilizonse, sindikudziwa enawo kwa ife. Komanso chidwi n'chakuti zinthu zomwezo bongo lotsatira amakonzedwa mofulumira kwambiri. imathamanga koma osiyana.
Mfundo ntchito
Tiyeni tione limagwirira la mapangidwe reflex wabwino wa Pavlov. Dzina limeneli banja amadziwika kuti ambiri. Koma kodi munthu wotchuka uyu? Anayerekezera mapangidwe bongo wabwino ndi ntchito za kotekisi ubongo. Ndipo si udindo dziko lonse, ndi ziwalo yense payekha. Choncho, anapezeka kuti anthu mtsikana Arc chopanda malire ndi makonzedwe bongo. Pakati pawo pali kugwirizana zosakhalitsa ndi ma mobwerezabwereza. N'chifukwa chiyani tikutero? Iwo wapezeka kuti ngati sipadzakhala zolimba, ndiye idzapita. Aliyense Arc ali peculiarity yake. Kotero, ichi chikhoza ntchito lolinganizidwa pasadakhale chizindikiro kapena unconditioned zolimba. Tikumbukenso kuti ubale akutulukira ntchito pa mfundo ubale wamphamvu. M'kupita kwa nthawi, zimenezi zimachititsa kuti maonekedwe a zowongolera ayankhe reflex. Choncho cholakwika kulankhula za "makonzedwe reflex Arc." Crustal mapangidwe njira yokhudza zigawo ziwiri.
Mwachitsanzo lachitsanzo
Kodi sayansi iyi kuganiza za zimenezi? Mwina ambiri anamva mawu amenewa - "galu (a) Pavlova". Izi amanena zoona mu dziko la zitsanzo ziti za bongo. wasayansi A anaphunzirapo dongosolo m'mimba. Ndipo iye anati pamene kuwala kumadza pa, kusonyeza za chakudya, agalu anayamba salivate. Ndipo ngakhale iwo samazimvetsa chakudya, salivation adakali zimachitika. Scientist chidwi mfundo lachirendo, ndipo mu 1903 analengezeratu za limagwirira reflex lonse. Anthu asayansi anali chidwi ndi kupezeka kuti kupereka iye Nobel Prize. Komanso, mu 1904. Pa ntchito, chinapezeka kuti nyama zosiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana kubala bongo. Choncho, kwa agalu anafunika 10-20 kuphatikiza. Mu zinthu yomweyo bongo zotsatirazi inakhazikitsidwa mofulumira. chifukwa anali analandira ulemu kwa munthu kuti ndi okwanira ndi osakaniza zikuchitika (moni British wasayansi).
kupeza Features
Limagwirira la mapangidwe reflex wabwino ndi skirmish ndi zikuchitika kawirikawiri, umene kulimbikitsa zotsatira kuyambika. Poyerekezera ndi agalu, chinapezeka kuti mulingo woyenera nthawi zosiyanasiyana ndi masekondi 5-10. Komanso, chonde onani kuti nthawi pamene zikuchitika ikuthandizira kuyamba ntchito pamaso pa osayanjanitsika, ndi bongo wabwino opangidwa sadzatero. Imeneyo ndiyo peculiarity wa sayansi. Ndipo anapezanso kuti maulalo maphunziro pakati pa arcs ndi kumachitika pamene thupi ndi wokonzeka. Kuwaona tulo anali kudziŵika kuti bongo makonzedwe zimachitika pang'onopang'ono kapena ayi konse mapangidwe ananena. N'chimodzimodzinso anati kwa munthuyu. Apa pali chimene tinganene za limagwirira la mapangidwe bongo wabwino.
Mwachidule akadandaule mudziwe m'nkhani chimangooneka lingaliro la zinthu wonse, ndipo ngati mukufuna nkhani, n'zotheka timudziwe bwino ntchito sayansi - iwo ali chidwi kwambiri ndi nkhani. Komanso, mavuto ena Tingaone, ngati mantha dongosolo chogwidwa ndi malo amene sichingabweretse bongo wabwino. Choncho, pamene kutsogolo kwa galu masamba mphaka komanso babu kuwala, iwo salivation zinachitika. The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za munthu amene ali otanganidwa ndi zochitika zake.
kulowelera
Tikumbukenso kuti mapangidwe a bongo wabwino anapatsidwa zimatheka pamene okonzeka pokonza izi chamoyo. Choncho, ngati inu mutayang'ana pa nkhaniyi galu, ndi malovu kumachitika pokha pokha anthu pamene nyama anali mu chikhalidwe kusala kudya. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti iye anali okondwa pakati chakudya. Tikumbukenso kuti ofooka adzakhala kuwalimbikitsa, ndi pang'onopang'ono adzakhala anapanga bongo wabwino (kapena iwo zambiri osati kulengedwa). Ndipo zotsatira mu nkhani iyi si khola. Sitiyenera kunyalanyaza mfundo yakuti pamaso pa zikuchitika kwambiri amphamvu kungachititse kuti ati anapezerapo limagwirira wa lapadziko (zoteteza) braking. Iyi ndi kungasokoneze mapangidwe bongo wabwino.
Maziko a mapangidwe
ndi limagwirira la mapangidwe bongo wabwino, kuti ndi Alpha a ndondomeko imeneyi? Pankhaniyi, mbali thupi la nkhani kudzatithandiza pang'ono. M'pofunika wofufuza mlingo maselo kale. Choncho, ambiri zakufa chifukwa cha Kukhazikitsa mfundo unachitikira asidi ribonucleic. Ngati kuchuluka ake mu thupi Falls, kenako akuchuluka dzuwa la kuphunzira nyama zasayansi. Komanso mu ndondomeko imeneyi nawo ndi cerebellum, striatum ndi zina zotero. Koma pamwamba anafotokoza yekha nyama m'munsi. Mu nyama ndi munthu kuseri kwa icho, monga tanenera kale, ndi udindo kotekisi. Iwo amatenga udindo wofunika kwambiri koma mabungwe yekha kuti ndinazolowera kwa cholinga ichi. B akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira ina mapangidwe reticular. Choncho, zatsopano pa agalu, chinapezeka kuti ngati kuchotsa hemispheres oziziritsa, iwo akhoza kupanga reflex wabwino. Koma zophweka kwambiri.
Pomaliza
O, wodabwitsa, ubongo wathu! Zingaoneke - kuphweka choterocho! A kukonzanso kulenga, kapena ngakhale Chisudzulo Chikuwononga kuletsa koma sitingathe. Koma ndi nkhani ya nthawi - kafukufuku kwambiri ndipo kenako adzazindikira kuti ndi momwe ntchito. Komabe, mwatsoka, si nthawi zonse zosangalatsa, ndi adzawalange kupeza anthu ndi maganizo amphamvu ndi sitolo wabwino wa chidziwitso. Mu chilungamo tisaiwale kuti akadali ikuchitika zofuna za anthu. Koma ngakhale phindu la mpheto chotero akadali kuipidwa chiwerengero mwachilungamo lalikulu la anthu.