Zokana ndi udindo wake ulili umunthu wathanzi

Njira a anthu mu zamaganizo Iye anawonekera mu makope sayansi mu mmasate zaka mazana makumi awiri mu kachitidwe taphunzira pa nthawi psychoanalysis ndi behaviorism chiphunzitso. tate wake, Erich Fromm, Karl Rodzhers, Victor Frankl ndi Harold Maslow, makamaka kumanga pa chakudya waukulu Freudianism, komabe kudalira umphumphu wa munthu m'kati mapangidwe ake. Zamaganizo ndi afilosofi unatenga poyambira chiphunzitso chake cha kaphatikizidwe zovuta zonse anthu a Sciences. Izi latsopano la sayansi pankhani zamaganizo walandira kuzindikira kwakukulu cha m'ma otsiriza, kuti mwanjira ina chifukwa cha chitukuko cha demokalase m'mayiko lachitukuko, nadzawonjezapo pa udindo ufulu wa anthu onse m'dziko.

zokana Kumafuna kuphunzira mabuku a dziko mumtima wa munthu ndipo wapeza ntchito yake osati maganizo komanso pedagogy, maphunziro, chikhalidwe ngakhale sayansi ndale. Chiphunzitso chimenechi (limatchedwanso existential-a anthu) - kachitidwe kwambiri zingamuthandize mu kuchita zimene, chifukwa zimachokera pa kulemekeza aliyense, kusamalira dziko lamkati. Choncho, yankho anabweretsa kuzindikira maganizo ndi kulemekeza mfundo za ena.

Chiphunzitso chimenechi ali adani ake. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti zaumunthu masiku zamaganizo discounting ndi kwachilengedwenso chikhalidwe cha munthu ndipo alibe kuganizira chilakolako chake individualistic mphamvu ndi chuma cha zinthu kwambiri. Gulu lina la akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti khalidwe lokonda munthu aliyense pamene mapeto ndipo si monga njira, amene akuyesa kuphunzitsa ana zaumunthu pedagogy - kwambiri muyezo mmadera kumene kupambana n'kofunika, ndi ena chuma chawo. Akuti iye amakulitsa ndi introvert makhalidwe, ngakhale moyo wamasiku ano ndi ofunika kwambiri khalidwe la extrovert ndi.

Society, anapulumuka kwa nthawi yochepa nkhondo ziwiri zapadziko lonse, sanali okonzeka kuyankha mafunso zokhudza chofunikira kwambiri pa moyo wa munthu. Chosadzikonda mtima ndi chiwawa amisala, kuphana ndi ungwazi, amene anasonyeza pa nkhondo awa, mafunso zatsopano zokhudza munthu ndi dziko mumtima mwake. Izi zachuluka chifukwa kugwa kwa chikhulupiriro kusataya patsogolo chikhalidwe, kuswa ubwenzi miyambo ndi kupatuka kukula anthu mafakitale, pamene wolemba Hermann Hesse umapereka wotchedwa "nyengo feuilletonistic." Mwanjira imeneyi, zokana, ngakhale nzothandiza panopa chikhalidwe "kupambana kunja" m'njira ndi olekerera, empathic kufika kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuli munthu.

Kodi mkulu ndi bala iyi? Ndithudi, mawu "umunthu" amachokera ku mawu «Homo» - anthu. Anthu si chinachake mlendo kwa makhalidwe a anthu, sichikusemphana ndi zolinga za toyesa kwachilengedwenso ndipo munthu sayenera 'kuwoloka okha "ndi chifundo, kuti awulule kukoma ndi chikondi, ndi nkhawa. M'malo mwake, zimenezi nthawi zambiri ochokera ku zigawo zozama za moyo wathu - anati kuwerenga maganizo a anthu. Tingamudziwe ndi kukulitsa makhalidwe amenewa, ndithudi, chibadidwe ife anabadwa ali mfundo imodzi yokha anthu a mitundu Homo sapiens, ndi maziko a njira a anthu kuti pedagogy.

"Anthu" maganizo ndi khalidwe si kutali ndi kosathandiza makhalidwe kubadwanso, amene oletsa ku "kumwamba", koma m'malo mwake, ndi makhalidwe athu ambiri achilengedwe. Ndi woonda kwambiri, koma yolimba unsembe wa munthu pa mtima mantha kwa dziko mumtima mwake. Zamaganizo chinthu - kudziwa kayendedwe wolimba wa moyo, ngakhale mawonetseredwe kuwoneka kuti moyo wa munthu ndi zoipa okha, kukulitsa makhalidwe zachilengedwe ndi kuphunzitsa mtima woopa kwa munthu wina, Wolamulira wake "Ine". zokana Zimathandiza kuti akugwirizana dziko wathu wamkati, kugwirizanitsa kusiyana wa kupatuka anakomoka kupulumuka mfundo moyo, kuyankha mafunso "Ndine yani ine mu dziko ili?" Ndi "Kodi ndifune? Chifukwa ndimakhala? ".