Limakhulupirira Gorky, "Mayi": mwachidule. Analysis wa buku Gorky ndi "Mayi"

Kupereka chidwi chanu buku amene anapanga Gorky - "Amayi," chidule cha kuwunika kwake,. Ntchito imeneyi inafalitsidwa koyamba mu United States (1906-1907 gg.). Ndi kuwapotoza kwambiri za kufufuza mu dziko lathu, inafalitsidwa mu 1907-1908 gg. Izo zinali kokha pambuyo utasintha cha 1917 - mu maonekedwe ake apachiyambi.

Andrei Nakhodka

Andrew Onisimovich Nakhodka (Andrew - "Little Russian") - mobisa boma, Nilovna anatengera mwana ndi bwenzi Pavel Vlasov. Iye ndi Chiyukireniya-wamasiye Mwana womulera (malinga ndi dzina ndi khalidwe), "wapathengo". dzina lake zikutanthauza kuti iye ndi "mwana wa anthu onse," likuimira anthu, "konsekonse chiyambi cha zisinthe, anafuna kutsindika Gorky (" Mayi ").

Chidule cha buku ndizo zochitika zotsatirazi.

mmangeni

The ngwazi akufotokoza lingaliro la abale padziko lonse antchito, munali otchula Uthenga. Nilovna akutipempha kuti akhale kunyumba kwawo. Chifukwa cha kusaka zimaonekeratu kuti Andrew kale kawiri kale mlandu pa milandu ndale. Anamangidwanso kachiwiri, koma anamasulidwa patapita masabata ochepa. Mu kucheza naye kwa Nilovna kusinthidwa tanthauzo la mayi mwa anthu onse, konkire, ngakhale lachinsinsi nzeru. khalidwe amatenga mu kupha la Yesaya Gorbova, kazitape m'dera ndi kazitape nawo yozungulira. Iye amabweretsa aakulu anazunzika, ngakhale Andrey ndipo amadziwa kuti m'pofunika kuwononga awa "Judases". Pa chionetsero pa May 1, ndi za Paulo, amene amanyamula mbendera, ndipo zimamangidwa. Pa mlandu, Andrew amalandira pambuyo mawu a Paulo, koma kenako akapanda mwayi wolankhula. Axamwali pamodzi alamulidwa ukapolo ku Siberia.

Nilovna

Vlasov Pelagia Nilovna - heroine, amene fano kufaniziridwa buku Russian. Iwo amagwirizana ndi "anthu", konsekonse kuzindikira za zochitika. Mphamvu ya chikhalidwe Nilovna anafuna kusonyeza kusintha mu kuwerenga maganizo a anthu. chikondi chake kwa mwana wake adziwonetsa chikondi kwa anthu onse. Ndi lingaliro la yogwira kulimbana ndale chikugwirizana mu chikhalidwe ichi ndi tanthauzo la chikhristu. Chosintha Movement anazindikira kuti gulu la "ana". Iye, monga mayi, sangathe kumva chifundo ndi iye, ananena kuti Gorky ( "Mayi").

Chidule cha nawo buku la mbali yaikulu zotsatirazi. Nilovna kumayambiriro kwa nkhani zaka pafupifupi 40, koma zimasonyeza mayi wachikulire, kuyambira moyo onse ankakhala Poyembekezera kumenyedwa.

mwana wake Paulo atamwalira mwamuna wake ankafuna moyo, "ngati bambo." Mkazi akunyengerera iye kutero. Koma kusintha kumene kunachitika mwana mantha ake. Powona anzake a Paulo, Nilovna sangakhulupirire kuti "analetsa anthu". Iwo sakuwoneka khalidwe wowopsa. Nilovna Paulo anatchula kutenga anyantchoche Andrew, makamaka kukhala mayi kwa iye. Pambuyo abwenzi anamangidwa, iye anakumana ndi vuto la kusungulumwa, monga anazolowera kuti kulankhulana ndi achinyamata.

Kufalitsa timapepala ta

Axamwali mwana masiku awiri pambuyo adzamangidwe, anapemphedwa kuti kugawira timapepala ta pa fakitale. Pozindikira kuti angathe nacho Paulo kukayikirana, izo kugawira amalonda ananamizira ntchito mabuku woletsedwa. Pamene Nakhodka abwera kuchokera kundende, Anamuuza za izo, kuvomera kuti yekha amaganizira za mwana wake, ukugwira ntchito kokha kwa chikondi cha mayi.

Chidule cha buku Gorky ndi "Mayi" tso zotsatirazi zochitika wotsatira. Pang'onopang'ono, akuyang'ana pa anthu amene amabwera kudzacheza Andrew, Nilovna malingaliro wayamba kulumikiza anthu onse awa mu nkhope ya Khristu ofanana ndi munthu wosakwatiwa. Iye pang'onopang'ono azindikira kuti kufunika "moyo watsopano." Ataphunzira kuti scammer Gorbov kuphedwa ndi Andrei kungotchula n'chiyani, Nilovna ananena kuti palibe anadandaula, ngakhale kudabwa ndi mawu ake, mosiyana ndi mzimu wachikristu.

Rybin

Pa chionetsero pa May 1, akuchonderera anthu ndipo alankhula za "chifukwa woyera" akulimbikitsa anthu kuti asachoke ana awo m'njira ndekha. Atagwidwa abwenzi Nilovna fakitale kuthetsa anasamukira ku mzinda. Atatero amapita kumudzi kukhazikitsa maulalo ena chifukwa kufalitsa a mabuku. Apa, heroine likumanenso Rybin, mnansi amene ali ananthunthumiritsa alimi, n'kumupatsa mabuku. Kubwerera kumzinda, Nilovna akuyamba kupulumutsa midzi yoletsedwa mabuku, nyuzipepala ndi timapepala ta. Iwo mtsikanayu maliro a Yegor Ivanovich, woukira boma ndi countryman ake. Izi maliro wangokhala zipolowe ndi apolisi mu manda. Nilovna achotsa mnyamata analandira mabala ndi kusamalira iye, amatiuza ntchito Gorky ndi "Mayi".

Chidule pa zinthu zina zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Anapitanso ku mudzi patapita kanthawi, iye anali kuyang'anira amangidwe Rybin ndipo anali kupereka buku anam'bweretsera mwangozi kugunda wamba, ali pakati pawo mabodza. Anatsegulapo Paulo mu ndende, heroine ndi akudutsa kakalata ndi chikonzero kuthawa, koma mwana anakana kuthamanga ndipo analemba za izo mu kubwerera cholemba. Komabe, mamembala a mobisa anapeza bungwe kupulumuka kwa Rybin ndi mkaidi wina. Nilovna, pa pempho lake, ndipo analoledwa penyani ku akungoonerera Yopulumuka izi.

pamapeto

Mkazi pano pa mlandu wa Paulo ndi anzake, kenako akukamba mawu a Paulo analankhulira mu atolankhani mobisa, amatchedwa amutengera kwa mudzi wa magazini ankasindikizidwa. Pa siteshoni, iye amaona anaziika. Pozindikira kuti amangidwe simungathe kuzipewa, koma safuna timapepala ta pachabe, iye kuwaponya mu khamulo. Akumenyedwa ndi apolisi mkazi amachitira impassioned mawu ena. ntchito pamapeto si bwino kwathunthu. Mwina Nilovna afa. Kotero umatha buku Gorky "Mayi". Chidule cha zochitika zosiyanasiyana zofunika tafotokozazi.

Pavel Vlasov

Vlasov Pavel Mihaylovich (Paulo) - mwana wa khalidwe waukulu, amene anakhala katswiri chosintha ntchito cholowa. zinachitika ake anatumikira monga wantchito VP holo Sormovo. Tsoka la ngwazi amagwirizana ndi chizindikiro cha chiwombolo. Mu dzina lake, mukhoza kuona kafungo kufanana kwa njira mtumwi, chifukwa pa chiyambi cha mankhwala anasonyeza kusintha kwakukulu mu moyo wa ngwazi ku fakitale Man yosavuta chasanduka mu womenya ndale, zimene amatiuza Gorky ( "Mayi").

Chidule cha zochita zake zina mu zotuluka chosintha.

ntchito chosintha wa Paulo

mosanyengerera wake woyamba - kukana makolo kumenyedwa. bambo ake, omwe ankagwira ntchito makaniko wina, Mihaila Vlasova, chikumbumtima Zionetsero chikhalidwe likunyonyotsoka mu chomenyedwa ndi kuledzera.

Pambuyo pa imfa yake, ngwazi kuyesera kumutsanzira, koma kukumana ndi bwalo mobisa ukasintha amasintha maonekedwe ake kunja ndi mkati, zomwe zinasonyeza M. Gorky ( "Mayi").

Chidule cha mitu za zinthu zodzachitika m'tsogolo moyo wa khalidwe lotsatira. Mu nyumba Paulo anayamba kupangitsa misonkhano yokhudza Andrei Nakhodka Nikolay Vesovschikov, mwana wa mbala, mphunzitsi Natasha, Fyodor Sizov, ntchito fakitale, ndi ena. Nthawi yomweyo akuchenjeza Nilovna kuti onse a iwo m'ndende. The mwamphamvu ndi austerity Paulo ngati mayi "kumene kumakhala Amonke". Mwachitsanzo, iye anapemphera kuti asiye banja ndi chimwemwe chifukwa cha Andrew "ntchito" ndipo anavomereza kuti iye anapanga kusankha. Pokambirana ndi mayi ake Nakhodka adzaitana khalidwe "Iron Man". Paulo Friends kugawira timapepala ta pa fakitale. Nyumba yake ndiyopangidwa ndi kufufuza, zimene amatiuza limakhulupirira Gorky ( "Mayi").

Chidule cha zochitika zina zotsatirazi. Tsiku lotsatira, pambuyo akulankhula ndi chosintha stoker Rybin, amene anapita kukamuona. Iye ananena kuti tiyenera "anabwera ndi chikhulupiriro chatsopano." Paulo amakhulupirira kuti okha maganizo akhoza kumasula munthu. Pankhondo ya ogwira ntchito ndi utsogoleli fakitale (otchedwa nkhani ya "chithaphwi khobiri") ngwazi akuitana iwo kumenyera ufulu wa, akumufunsira bungwe amenye. Koma anthu sizigwirizana naye, Paulo kudutsa chifukwa cha wake "ofooka."

Iye anamangidwa usiku, koma patapita miyezi ingapo kumasulidwa. Mabwenzi awo amasonkhana kukondwerera May 1, Paulo akufuna pa chionetsero mbendera. Zikatero, anamangidwa mu atsogoleri ambiri a ena (pafupifupi anthu 20). Izi anamaliza gawo loyamba. Paulo imapezeka mu chaputala chomaliza gawo milandu. Apa iye analengeza mawu atakhala mwambowu wake Social-Democratic. ziganizo bwalo la ngwazi kuti ukapolo ku Siberia. Choncho mapeto mbali mu zochitika za khalidwe, kenako buku Gorky mwini, "Mayi." Chidule cha ntchito ndi kuwunika anali kuperekedwa kwa tcheru chanu.