Kuzindikira mabuku ndi zochititsa

Kuzindikira mabuku - kukuchititsa zimenezi, mbali yaikulu ya kumene kuli Cithunzi molondola zenizeni ndi zochititsa lililonse popanda kukhota kapena kusinjirira. Izi azimuth zolembalemba adanyamuka m'ma XIX, ndipo anthu ake mwamphamvu mitundu chipangizo cha ndakatulo ndi ntchito za mitundumitundu mfundo mwachinsinsi.

malangizo zizindikiro

Kuzindikira mu mabuku a m'zaka za m'ma 19 akhoza kusiyana ndi Zisonyezo zoonekera. The wina waukulu ndi anajambulapo luso zenizeni mafano bwino kwa layman, ndi amene nthawi zonse amakumana mu moyo weniweniwo. Zenizeni za ntchito sankaoneka ngati njira nzeru ya dziko ndi iye yekha, ndi fano lililonse khalidwe zolembalemba zinayenda kuti akhoza kuzindikira owerenga yokha, wachibale, mnzake kapena mnzanu.

Kunena nkhani realist luso ndi moyo otsimikiza, ngakhale chiwembu amakhala ndi nkhondo komvetsa chisoni. Mbali ina ya mtundu wanyimbo ichi ndi chizolowezi cha olemba kuganizira malo awo mu chitukuko, ndi mlembi aliyense amayesetsa kudziwa zikamera wa maganizo, chikhalidwe ndi anthu akagonana latsopano.

Features gulu limeneli zolembalemba

Kuzindikira mabuku, m'malo romanticism, ali ndi makhalidwe a zojambulajambula, kufunafuna choonadi ndi kupeza kuti amafuna kusandutsa zenizeni.

otchulidwa zolembalemba ntchito za olemba realist mwafufuza pambuyo kulingalira yaitali ndi maloto, pambuyo Kupenda maganizo zotengera malingaliridwe a dziko. Mbali imeneyi, sipangakhalenso amadziŵika ndi maganizo woyambitsa wa nthawi, anazindikira timabukuti zimathandizadi m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri ku miyambo zapamwamba Russian.

Kuzindikira   XIX atumwi

oimira koteroko Kuzindikira mabuku monga Balzac ndi Stendhal, Thackeray ndi Dickens, Jordi Sand ndi Viktor Gyugo, ntchito zake bwino kwambiri kuwulula mutu wa chabwino ndi choipa, ndi kupewa mfundo umboni ndi kusonyeza moyo weniweniwo a m'nthawi yake. olemba bwino owerenga kuti choipa ndi njira ya moyo ya bourgeois anthu, capitalist zenizeni, kudalira anthu pa mfundo zosiyana zakuthupi. Mwachitsanzo, mu buku la Dickens 'Dombey ndi Mwana' mwini anali yankhanza mosaganizira osati mwa chibadwa. Monga makhalidwe amenewa anayamba chifukwa cha ndalama zazikulu ndi kuziyeneleza kwa mwini, amene chachikulu chiti cha moyo wathu umakhala phindu.

Kuzindikira mabuku mosatsata nthabwala ndi monyoza, ndi zithunzi za anthu otchulidwa salinso yabwino ya wolemba ndipo sindikufuna kutchula maloto ake oona. Ku ntchito za m'ma XIX-TH, pafupifupi mbisoweka ngwazi, amene fano mumaona wolemba. Zimenezi ndi bwino kwambiri anawona ntchito za Gogol ndi Chekhov.

Komabe, momveka kwambiri kukuchititsa zimenezi zolembalemba akuwonetseredwa mu ntchito za Tolstoy ndi Dostoevsky ananena dziko monga iwo kuziwona izo. Izi anasonyeza mawonekedwe a m'nkhaniyi ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka zawo, polongosola m'chipsinjo maganizo a Ngwazi zolembalemba, kukumbutsa owerenga za zinthu zopweteka, kusintha kuti munthu n'zosatheka.

Monga ulamuliro, ndi Kuzindikira pa mabuku bwanji tsogolo la oimira anthu otchuka Russian, sipangakhalenso adzaweruzidwa ndi ntchito ya I. A. Goncharova. Choncho zilembo za ngwazi ntchito zake kukhalabe maganizo. Oblomov ndi a Frank ndi wofatsa munthu, koma chifukwa cha passivity wake, iye sangathe kusintha moyo kuti ukhale wabwino. makhalidwe amenewa ndi khalidwe lina mabuku Russian - wofuna, koma mphatso Boris Raysky. Goncharov anakhoza kulenga chithunzi cha "odana ndi ngwazi", lililonse la XIX atumwi, omwe anawona otsutsa. Motero, chiphunzitso cha "Oblomovism" lokhudza anthu onse chabe, chinthu chachikulu chimene ndi ulesi ndi mphwayi.