Machine mfuti Shosha: ndemanga, mafotokozedwe, specifications ndi ndemanga

Chauchat otchedwa chida munthu, amene wakhala wotchuka mphindi zabwino, ndi atatchuka koipa mfuti ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana za kuipa. Lamulo la French asilikali ndi maiko ena a ntchito ngati msilikali zida m'zaka za First World nkhondo ndi zaka zotsatira.

Kufotokozera mfuti

Maonekedwe choyambirira cha mfuti ndi mbiya yaitali salola chisokonezo ndi zina zida-zitsanzo za nthawi. Dzanja Shosha mfuti dongosolo kapangidwe imakhala yaitali chitoliro wolandila, yomwe ili pansipa limagwirira bokosi onenepa. makatiriji The imayambira m'munsi sitolo semicircular mawonekedwe, bipod woonda protrude patsogolo. Malizitsani chithunzi cha zigwiriro ziwiri nkhuni, mbuyo poyerekeza ndi mbiya zikuwoneka asymmetrically yochepa.

Mfuti ntchito basi zachokera mfundo za angadzachite kayendedwe ka mbiya ndi yaitali, umene limagwirira ali anayamba kenako kudyetsa munition. Mphutsi lateral spacers amachita ndi mbiya ndi logwirana njira. Zonse anayambika choyambitsa amachita mosalekeza akatemera umodzi.

Aiming zachitika pa ntchentche mu kuchuluka maziko m'makalata. Anafotokoza basi chiwembu amalola kulasa mayendedwe pang'onopang'ono. theorists yamakono ya manja zikuonetseratu poyera kuti kagulu monga choyambitsa cha mfundo zolakwika, koma mu nthawi zimenezo zida zankhondo ndi mlingo wochepa wa chinkhoswe ntchito ndithu ambiri.

Mfuti Shosha amakhala ndi levers awiri, mmodzi limene lili pa mbuyo a mtundu mfuti chitsanzo, wachiwiri kugwira bwino pamene kuwombera pansi mbiya yaitali. Mpaka kalekale wokwera pa miyendo khola kunja. Yopanga sikutanthauza mtengo waukulu chuma, kotero mu nthawi yachangu opangidwa mayunitsi oposa 200 zikwi za mtundu wa makina.

Gwiritsani anamenyana

French akuluakulu a asilikali yomweyo pambuyo amasulidwe zitsanzo woyamba kuzindikira bwino chida mfuti ya makina, mfuti. Chauchat mofulumira amapatsirana zokambirana ulimi mu kunkhondo, ntchito yake kukhala wotchuka. Chida anafotokoza kuti chipangizo m'manja, popeza akulemera makilogalamu zosakwana 10 pamodzi ndi carbine a.

Kumanzere pa bokosi ali nawo mauna kuti kuwalola alephere akhomere anamangirira kumbuyo mu ulendo wa mtundu mfuti. Asilikali French anali wotchuka mfundo "akungoyendayenda moto" chifukwa chauchat arr. 1915 analola kuponyera m'chiuno pa kuyenda ndi mtanda dziko dashes.

Chiyambi cha zida

Ntchito yoyamba ya okonza anali kulenga makina mfuti kudziletsa nawuza kapena mfuti yokha kwa kuwombera makatiriji kuwala muyezo mfuti Lebel. The kholo la zida imatengedwa ndi Swiss gunsmith Chihangare Frommer. Iye atanganidwa ndi mfuti anatulukira asilikali a dziko lake, koma mayesero chowululidwa kupereŵera zida ndi boma wakana.

Zosakhazikika zatsopano amatanthauza French, amene asankha kutsirizitsa mfundo asilikali akuphunzitsa. Makinawa mfuti Shosha afika dzina lake ndi dzina la wapampando wa komiti ya French, ndiye wotanganidwa kulenga zida. CSRG makalata anaonekera mu dzina la mfuti ndi zodziwikiratu mwa maina a mayunitsi onse constituent kupanga. Clianchat (kulamulira wagawo), Snlerre (injiniya), Ribeyrolle (katswiri), Gladiator (mbewu). Popular mphekesera otchedwa mfuti ya makina pa dzina la French asilikali Wapolisiyo Shosha.

ubwino mfuti

Zida kapangidwe kupangika kutenga nkhani kuthekera kupanga ake m'mafakitale sanali apadera. Gladiator, kampani anamasulidwa woyamba yoyendera zambiri ndi njinga fakitale. Dzanja chauchat CSRG M1915 Umapeza expanses wa zokambirana fakitale ndipo chachikulu. Zoyenereza za mfuti pang'ono:

• Mmodzi wa iwo akunena kuwala kulemera, zimene zimathandiza msilikali kupendeketsa ndi mivi kuchokera maudindo osiyana.
• The chachiwiri zabwino khalidwe mtengo wozengereza moto salola wambirimbiri yolimbanirana ndi mowa yolimbanirana ndi kwambiri yafupika.
• A mwayi chachitatu ndi mtengo wotsika ndi omasuka kupanga chipangizo.

Pa nthawi imeneyi, makhalidwe abwino a zida kutha. Wopanda mathero vuto la mayesero ena chitumidwa kwa mfuti ya makina armament nkhondo. Ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi ndi mfuti yaotomatiki Zimayamba misa kuchotsa m'ma armories yogwira mayunitsi asilikali. Zolakwa anali oposa phindu.

Kuipa makina mfuti kapangidwe

The chida inamangidwa ndi zilema looneka ngati larva zonse skewed mu mbiya, mfuti othinana pa mphindi yovuta. Chitoliro yaitali zonse amasonkhana fumbi ndi uve, izi zimakhudza lolondola kuwombera. Chauchat mediocre kwambiri kunyanyala chandamale chifukwa chakuti kuwala kuwombera mfuti anasamukira oposa 3 kg mbali lolemera.

Osauka kapangidwe ndi sitolo mawonekedwe salola aliyense kulowa mu thunthu zipolopolo mu malo olondola, ogula otsiriza kutembenukira mu chipinda kumbuyo kumapeto choyamba. Zimenezi zimathandiza munthu wosayenda chipangizo amafuna disassembly ndi chilangizo cha zolakwa. Tikawerenga za nkhondo ndi kungotaya nthawi komanso akulonjeza kuti akunde.

Nthawi zambiri amakhala unusable carbine masika ndipo lifunika m'malo, ndipo n'zovuta m'munda. Luso kuchepetsa kulemera kwa mfuti mu mawonekedwe a m'mawindo pa makoma atakulungidwa mu ntchito yake poopsa mayesero dothi ndi fumbi nkhondo.

Dzanja chauchat anapambana maganizo oyipa amene zipolopolo kwa izo zikhoza kutenga kuchokera mbali. Wolandila, ndi nyumba ndi chimango ndi zitsulo ndi ananamizira pamodzi ndi bawuti chimodzi chokha, amene si mwamphamvu omangika kukakamiza wosanjikiza makulidwe ndi pansi zimene kugwedera achoka una. Imfa ya fastener umatha kutha kwa moto.

kusinthidwa mfuti

Ndi zitsanzo chaka cha kusintha ali motere:

• Mu 1915 anamasulidwa chitsanzo Mle 1915 ntchito katiriji kwa mfuti French.
• 1918 chinali chiyambi cha ulimi wa mfuti za makina kwa ntchito woyang'anira American wa 7,62 likungosonyeza.
• kusinthidwa njira pansi makatiriji Belgium 7,65 kuika mu ulimi mu 1927.

Ntchito mfuti m'mayiko ena

Features kuyenda khalidwe akhoza kuwakopera m'mayiko ena kuti tikhale ngati mfuti ya makina, koma sizinali choncho. Chancellor asilikali US Army Dipatimenti zinali zokwanira kunyamula 16 zikwi zida kunkhondo kum'mawa France zida zankhondo za asilikali US amene anamenya kumeneko.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, msilikali Isaak Lyuis amanga ku America popanga mfuti odalirika makina, koma mutu wa dipatimenti ya kusakonda munthu kuti izo zimaleka kusankha zida otsika kwambiri ndi zinthu khamu Shosh mfuti. Achimereka anazolowera kutonthoza nkhondo, nthawi m'Matchalitchi zida zotere. Mpaka mmodzi wa asilikaliwo anamuwombera ndi awiri ena anayesa mlandu mofulumira kupita pansi masitolo.

Director of Dipatimenti usilikali wasankha pa amasulidwe zosintha latsopano katiriji American ndipo pomaliza masewera kusinthidwa chauchat mayunitsi oposa 19,000 mu 1918. Lachitsanzo latsopano si bwino kwambiri kuposa poyamba. chiwerengero cha makatiriji mu sitolo yafupika 16, ndi wolakwa zojambula amapanga chipinda tsinde mu dongosolo awkwardly zooneka, amene complicates m'zigawo makatiriji lapansi.

Ntchito basi mfuti Shosha ku Russia

Russian ufumu pa First World nkhondo kumapeto kwa 1916 ku France anapulumutsa mayunitsi 500 Shosha mfuti. A nthawi zina ntchito asilikali anafuna kulanda kuyambitsa French mu kuchuluka mayunitsi 5600. chida ichi ndi bwino osati Red Army anagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuiperekeza pamene Civil nkhondo. Pogwiritsa ntchito anapitirizabe kutha.

mayiko a azungu

Mu France, mfuti F.Shosha CSRG 1915, anamasulidwa pa katiriji kupanga zonse ntchito zida asilikali pa chiyambi cha 1915, koma achoka ntchito mu 1924.

The World Choyamba ndi khalidwe la German Ufumu asilikali zida ochepa mfuti yokha makina monga zikho ku Nkhondo kumadzulo kutsogolo. Pa nkhondo yachiwiri World ulamuliro wa Hitler amagwiritsanso analanda chauchat kusinthidwa kwa French, Belgium ndi Yugoslavia makatiriji lapansi.

Finland asilikali a mfuti gulu lake lankhondo amathandiza kawiri - mu Chifinishi-Soviet nkhondo ndi nkhondo Soviet Union mpaka 1944. Kutumiza kumatanthauza kugula mayunitsi 5000 makina.

Romania anatenga gawo mu First World nkhondo, limagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yonse 7.200 zida. Mu Poland, nthawi yomweyo anapulumutsa zidutswa 5000 wa mfuti. Mu Italy, lamulo mwamsanga kumvetsa zimene chauchat choncho basi yowotcha mfuti sangapambane ubwino kuwoneka. Koma wina kuchuluka amaperekedwa kwa anthu okonza zida magalimoto oti muli nazo zida.

Zochita pa dismantling chauchat 1915

• Machine mfuti akatulutsidwa.
• Kuyendetsa pakamwapo kumbuyo bokosi atachotsedwa pansi mbale pamodzi ndi akasupe.
• akasupe anasiyanitsidwa, ndiye amachotsedwa siteji wamanja.
• casing ndi wosiyana ritsa kwa kupatutsa cocking kusamalira m'mbuyo, pawiri atachotsedwa wathandizidwa mutu contactor pivots kunsi.
• Chotsani rammer ndi bala chogwiririra ndi platoon cha malangizo n'kumutsogolera mwa dzenje mu wolandila lapansi.
• Pambuyo kuchotsa bokosi mfutizo choyambitsa.

Assembly basi makina mfuti kuti iwowo.

Malingaliro a akatswiri pa kapangidwe zida

Lidshun R., G. Vollert anafotokoza m'buku lake "Small manja dzulo" chauchat ngati chida analola ntchito oyenda pansi, monga asirikali akhoza kunyamula yekha pa akanthe. Ngati ife kulankhula za ntchito yaikulu, mfuti awa amaimirira kwambiri firepower kumuukira ndi mthunzi. M'manja dziko kufunika lero negated, koma mu mkhalidwe umenewo, ntchito yake anali wolungama.

Kudziwa mbiri ya France ananena kuti dziko sanali kuyenderana ndi dziko lapansi, ndizoonekeratu chilengedwe cha mfuti ya makina. mfuti ili ndi fupa la mkangano pakati US oweruza zida. okonda ambiri amati mfuti ayenera mwangwiro akadali ndi sizikhudza zochita nkhondo. maganizo amenewa anafotokoza R. Ford m'buku lake "Hell scythe".

Russian mkulu Fedorov ankakhulupirira kuti mfuti mu mfuti, yodziwika ndi kumbuyo yaitali, imatengedwa lotha, ndi mpumulo zimatheka ndi zowononga mbiya mu kuwombera.

Choncho chauchat 1915 kumasulidwa amaona kuti si bwino chitsanzo cha mfuti zoopsa. ntchito zake nkhondo m'mayiko ambiri zikusonyeza kuti mfuti anali mmodzi wa prototypes loyamba la zitsanzo yotsatira bwino.