Kumanga chipika: zoyimira ndi katundu

Miyala ndapeza yogawa lonse mu ulemerero wa zipinda ndi malo lamtseri pomanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Kodi ndi mitundu iti

Pali mitundu iwiri ya zomangila, zimasiyanasiyana chiyambi - ndi wosakhalitsa ndiponso zachilengedwe. Kodi zonse zachilengedwe miyala, mwakhama ntchito yomanga:

• miyala;
• timiyala;
• anajambulapo;
• sandstone;
• slate;
• dolomite;
• Miyalayo ndi ena.

Akusiyana osati katundu monga kukana ozizira ndi durability, komanso maonekedwe - kukonza, chitsanzo, ndi mtundu. Choncho, kuchuluka kwawo ntchito zimadalira katundu zilipo, zofunika kwambiri zimene ndiyo GOST.

Kumanga mwala chiyambi zachilengedwe ndi wofala chokongoletsera zoweta ndi kunja kwa nyumba, izi zimatheka ndi kukhalapo kwa yofanana yaikulu mtundu ndi kubereka chito choyambirira ndi nyimbo. Ambiri mwa zinthuzi ndi ncho mu quarries, kusema mbale munthu ndi opukutidwa. Chifukwa ndi mwala ndi dongosolo lapadera ndipo anatengera.

A zosiyanasiyana miyala sing'anga-grained, timiyala, shards ya lubwe ndi za nsangalabwi ntchito kulenga Zithunzi akuchita mwatsatanetsatane kukongoletsa kapangidwe ndi zipangizo yokongola mkati.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Masiku ano, masoka mwala nyumba ankaimira osiyanasiyana mu mtengo waukulu zosiyanasiyana. Koma mitundu yonse ndi makhalidwe ofanana, lomwe ndi Dziwani izi:

• Zachilengedwe wochezeka. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zambiri otetezedwa ndi wathanzi, choncho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malo kwa cholinga chilichonse.
• Kwake. Ngakhale pambuyo pa zaka zambiri, ndi kusintha maonekedwe a miyala kuyang'ana wokongola chabwino.
• Fundo nkhawa makina ndi moto.
• A zosiyanasiyana nyumba, moyo, mitundu, wakupatsani kulenga choyambirira mkati wapadera.
• njira zambiri ndi mtengo wololera kwambiri.

The drawback ndicho misa lalikulu la chuma anati, imbaenda kufunika kulimbikitsa maziko. Mkulu katundu absorbent komanso zimathandiza kuti kuwonjezeka mu thupi.

Panopa, ndi zambiri mukhoza kukumana zakutchire miyala - ndi zinthu zogwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, yodziwika ndi yofanana yaikulu mtundu. Mkulu mphamvu makhalidwe operekedwa ndi kuchuluka kwambiri ntchito - monga kukongoletsa ndi kumanga.

mankhwala

"Osati mwala anali kusiya" - mawu otchuka ndi loyenereradi kwa limatchula za ulimi wa mitundu chuma anafotokoza. Ngakhale durability mwala, mkulu zodalirika, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mogwirizana ndi cholinga chake. Monga chitsanzo kwa kutsirizitsa kwa nsangalabwi makwerero. Creation dongosolo lakunja la mwala si zofunika, monga mwamsanga wotaya chikuoneka chifukwa monyanyira aakulu kutentha ndi mayamwidwe mphamvu mkulu madzi. Komanso Dziwani ndi kufunika kwa luso chithandizo unsembe mbale wa zinthu zamtengo wapatali ndi ayi.

Coquina ndi kapu

Coquina kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa zipilalapo zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga khoma. Komanso akhoza m'malo njerwa mwachizolowezi chifukwa akuchitira mosavuta. Choncho kukhudzana ndi kutentha, kuchititsa amatopa ndi kuwonongedwa kwa dongosolo la, kuchepetsa ukulu.

Stone ali mkulu mlingo wa kutentha mphamvu, durability ndi zodalirika, kotero mu nyumba adalenga kuchokera mmenemo ozizira m'chilimwe ndi kutentha kokwanira mwa m'nyengo yozizira. Izi zimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu nthawi zambiri ikuchitika ntchito zosiyanasiyana yomanga.

Stone-nyumba anatumizidwa ntchito monga mfundo pomanga apansi woyamba ndi pansi nyumba, malinga kukhazikitsidwa wotsatira wa slab konkire. Mabukuwa zimatenga chinyezi kuchokera chilengedwe chifukwa mpweya wambiri wa laimu mu zikuchokera, choncho Kwatha ndi mchere ubweya zambiri kapena thovu. Kulephera kutsatira malamulo a kutchinjiriza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zabwino nyumba kwambiri yonyowa pokonza ndi kuzizira.

Akuphwanya yodziwika kupeza wambirimbiri fumbi coarse wakuti tyrsa. Chili m'malo nyanja ndi mtsinje mchenga ndi zambiri ntchito yokonza mortars. Izi amawapatsa mphamvu zina ndiponso kupewa kukhetsa pa solidification. Pali mitundu iwiri: Stipa woyera ndi wachikasu. Yotsirizira zimagwiritsa ntchito polenga zomangamanga ndipo ali ndi lalikulu kachigawo zokwanira.

Zofunika analenga munthu

Yokumba mwala nyumba si chidali chifuniro ano, kupanga wake kale, monga chitsanzo kungachititse njerwa. Lero, osiyanasiyana zomangira chikuwonjezeka kwambiri, pali zinthu zosiyanasiyana kutsanzira miyala yachilengedwe, mmene sanali katswiri kusiyanitsa iwo zovuta. Yokumba mwala lagawidwa ndi cholinga mu mitundu ingapo: chifukwa misewu, m'nyumba ndi panja zokongoletsa.

• Kuumbidwa pulasitala zakuthupi ndi abwino okha ntchito m'nyumba, izo chifukwa otsika chisanu kukana ndi mayamwidwe yokulirapo chinyezi mpweya yozungulira. Konkire analogue kwambiri chisanu koma ndi wokwera mtengo.
• Nkhani ceramic amapangidwa mu processing mkulu kutentha mu ng'anjo wapadera.
• Poliyesitala mwala ali mkulu kukongoletsa ndi mphamvu makhalidwe, fillers mchere alipo mu kapangidwe kake.
• Nkhani madzi unapangidwa zigawo mchere ndi binder akiliriki ndi dongosolo madzi.
• Akiliriki chimake ali ndi digiri yapamwamba ya thermoplasticity, tingathe kukumana akamaumba zina.

Ubwino ndi kuipa

Amapanga miyala mbali zambiri zabwino, monga zotsatirazi:

• N'zotheka ntchito mobwerezabwereza.
• Chosiyana durability ndiponso kudalirika anapereka ntchito yake.
• Chinyezi kukana, pamene akhoza chinawonjezeka ndi chithandizo ndi ndondomeko yapadera.
• Easy unsembe.
• Low kulemera.
• A mkulu mlingo wa ukhondo chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ming'alu kakang'ono ndiponso kuwonongeka.
• M'munsi mtengo poyerekeza ndi munthu wachibadwa.

Mwa zolakwa ayenera kuti mabuku ena mitundu ya zomangamanga miyala ndi kuchuluka zochepa ntchito, ndipo mwina ntchito monga chuma kwa chilengedwe cha nyumba katundu mwankhanza.

katundu chomenyedwa

Wosweka mwala ndi imodzi mwa zipangizo ambiri ntchito yomanga. Izo ntchito polenga misewu, kamangidwe ka m'mapaki ndipo chili mwa konkire. Linapangidwa wa thanthwe ndipo ali kapangidwe granular.

Mphamvu zakuthupi anatsimikiza ndi zochita za kuthamanga ndi kupsinja mu chitini wapadera. Gwiritsani chiwembu kulemba yotakata liwulo limatchula za ntchito.

Makhalidwe kuchuluka chisanu alisonyeza kuzizira m'zinthu popanda kutaya katundu koyamba magawo awa zafotokozeredwa ISO 8269-87. Komanso Dziwani ndi mpweya wa poizoni. M'pofunika kwambiri posankha zinthu kwa ntchito yomanga maofesi zogona.

njira yopanga

Chomenyedwa ku mwala zachilengedwe ntchito yomanga kukhala yokumba ndi masoka chiyambi. Njira yamasika unapangidwa miyala wosweka. Pali mitundu Mwachitsanzo, nsangalabwi, dolomite, basalt, ndi ena. Kapangidwe ndi kukula kwa mbewu zimadalira makhalidwe amafotokoza.

Kupanga zinthu yokumba ntchito zinyalala. Adapindulapo mwachilungamo ambiri, koma ali zofooka chifukwa mlingo m'munsi mphamvu. Pankhaniyi, ndi kwenikweni poyerekeza ndi mnzake achilengedwe ndipo ndi yofunika mapangidwe wosanjikiza m'munsi misewu ndi chilengedwe cha konkire.

Miyalayo miyala ndi mwala wosweka

Miyalayo mwala ndi ncho m'thanthwe ndipo wapangidwa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu monga khwatsi ndi Mica. Icho chimapita kupyola njira yapadera pogaya, kenako kugawidwa ndi magulu osiyanasiyana. Mabukuwa amachita monga filler kulenga yowona ndi mphamvu yapamwamba ndi zinthu kukongoletsa mu kamangidwe ka malo ndi makwalala. Iwo amakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa zigawo ndi mithunzi zosiyanasiyana kapangidwe ndi kupeza galasi pamwamba pambuyo kupukuta.

Miyala ang'ono ndi kuzungulira mu mawonekedwe. Iwo amakhala ndi dongosolo yovuta ndiponso kusapezeka zosafunika mu zikuchokera. Chigwa kapena m'phiri mwala ntchito ya kapangidwe malo mu kamangidwe ka mabedi maluwa ndi malo yokumba.