Magule a India: History of Ancient Art

India - Dziko kumene, mpaka tsopano, ngakhale kusintha lonse mu dziko, achifundo kuchengeta ndi kulemekeza miyambo yachikhalidwe. Zinachokera zaka zikwi zingapo zapitazo, akupitiriza mbali yofunika kwambiri mu moyo Indian. Koma osati iwo okha. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka ku West, kuchita chidwi kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe wapadera wa dziko lino.

Kupangidwa zaka zoposa nzeru, komanso zomangamanga, nyimbo ndi gule wa India, ndi kaphatikizidwe ndi maganizo achipembedzo a magulu yosiyanasiyana amene amapanga mtundu Indian lero. Pa mtima za chikhalidwe chake ndi chikhumbo cha munthu cha mgwirizano la Mulungu.

Shiva - mulungu-woononga ndi mlengi

Malinga ndi nthano zakale, Brahma, nkhawa chisokonezo pa dziko adalenga iwo anaganiza, popanda otchedwa Vedas anayi, omwe anali mu chikhulupiriro lotsatira, ndi kulenga ngakhale wachisanu, yopezeka kwa anthu onse. Kuti zimenezi zitheke anaphunzitsa tchire Bharata sewero, chomwe chili ndi nyimbo, kuyimba nyimbo ndi kuvina. Bharata Nayenso auzanso chake chatsopanocho Shiva.

Izi mulungu-wowonongayo, ngati iye amafuna, ndipo akhoza kulenga. Mokhudzana ndi kuvina, iye anatuluka basi mwa munthu wachiwiri. nthano anthu amati Shiva, pokhala consummate wovina ankaphunzitsa luso limeneli mkazi wake Parvati ndi tchire Bharata. Last, kaphatikizidwe alipo mu chidziwitso chake ndi anthu analandira kuchokera Shiva, analemba voluminous lonena za luso ed - "Natyashastra".

Pamodzi ndi anzeru ena a Bharat Sysytem inabuka mwa anthu wamba. Chifukwa cha ntchito "Natyashastra" wakhala kusokoneza kwambiri pa nyimbo ndi kuvina la India. maluso onse zinali zogwirizana ndi zimene amakhulupirira. Ngakhale lero, kusankha nyimbo ndi kuvina okha chogwidwa ndi okhutira m'nthano.

Kachisi Culture la India

Kuvina wakhala chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za Indian luso. Zinachokera zikwi zisanu zapitazo, iwo Anafika chitukuko apamwamba, kupereka Choncho msonkho miyambo yakale.

The mapanelo moyo, friezes ndi ziboliboli zikusonyeza kuti kuvina mu India kuyambira pa chiyambi anali mbali ya mwambo wachipembedzo. Kufikira tsopano, akachisi Tingaone maholo anafuna kuvina mwambo. Ndipotu, iwo akhala limodzi ndi mwambo uliwonse wachipembedzo.

Kachisi ovina - Devadasi - ankatengedwa ndi Atetezi kwa aboma chakale luso. Okha kuvina anali kuoneka ngati mchitidwe wauzimu, amene, pamodzi ndi anati yoga, akhoza kugwirizana ndi maganizo ndi thupi. Komabe, kufika chitukuko auzimu amenewa ndi zotheka pa chikhalidwe chimodzi: tiyenera kuvina ndi kusiya.

Pa mtima wa magule kachisi mwambo anali zithunzi za epics wakale ngati Mahabharata ndi Ramayana, komanso malemba a Chihindu. Kachisi ovina mu mtengo wapatali, koma British atsamunda mfundo kwa Devadasi zinachititsa kuti kutha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa luso kuvina mwambo.

Music monga mbali ya "Natyashastra"

The wakale zipilala mabuku amasonyeza kuti India zachitika maganizo enieni a nyimbo chifukwa chipembedzo ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dziko. Pa dzanja limodzi, chakhala mbali ya moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, pa dzanja zina, zikutanthauza kulola kugwirizanitsa thupi ndi zochitika zauzimu.

Music ndi magule a India n'zogwirizana, kuwonjezera, iwo amagwirizana mwa mawonekedwe a theatricality. Mwachitsanzo, khalidwe chobalidwa amasonyeza manja, kaimidwe ndi mawu aluso payekha.

Treatise "Natyashastra" anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane losiyanasiyana nyimbo zopatulika, zida ndi nyimbo. Kale kalelo, Amwenye takambiranazi n'zotheka kubereka zinachitikira kuya nyimbo ndi kuvina.

Malinga ndi maganizo a anthu a ku India, inalengedwa mwaluso - mphatso ya milungu, kotero iwo ndi amadza amphamvu osati anthu komanso mbalame, nyama, zomera ndi masoka achilengedwe. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito zikhale njoka kuzimitsa malawi chifukwa mvula ndi zina zotero. D.

Features ya Indian kuvina luso

Gule wa India wakale kuchokera pachiyambi anali zingapo zochititsa chosiyana. Choyamba, iwo sanali chabe ya kayendedwe obwerezabwereza, ngati Tingaone kuvina Folk a mitundu ina, ndi nkhani zonse, ndondomeko ya chinenero wowala wa choreography.

Kachiwiri, aliyense wojambula kuika mu kuvina masomphenya ake a dziko ndi mphamvu ya luso. Choncho, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina, manja ndi nkhope, anapatsa gulu lonse osiyanasiyana maganizo, ndipo ngakhale zochitika.

Izi mbali ya Indian kuvina luso anasunga lero, ngakhale kuti pafupifupi wataya zomwenso chipembedzo chake, ati m'gulu la zinthu zokongola bongo.

folklore

A nambala yaikulu mafuko tikukhala mu India, amasonyeza imapeza chikhalidwe cha dziko. Lililonse boma ndi dera ndi awo khalidwe gule music, zopakapaka, zovala. Amwenye ambiri monga mwana ankaphunzitsidwa luso la choreography chikhalidwe kapena chida choimbira.

nkhani zachipembedzo ali osowa kuvina wowerengeka kwa virtuosity chomwecho kukongola kuyenda si zofunika kwambiri monga mu tingachipeze powerenga, kotero iwo akhoza kukwaniritsa zonse.

Ngakhale kuvina wowerengeka la India akhala muchikhalidwe zinthu zina za choreography miyambo, koma iwo ali kulamuliridwa ndi nkhani zokhudzana ndi moyo tsiku: vuto la ntchito ya zaulimi, kubadwa kwa mwana, ukwati ndi zina zotero ..

A tingachipeze powerenga zosasinthika

Mpaka gule XX atumwi ku India linali gawo la kachisi mwambo, amene anapatsa tanthauzo wopatulika. Asangalatsi zovala zikuphatikizapo wambirimbiri zodzikongoletsera: zibangili zagolide, anklets a mabelu mkuwa, ndolo ya pamphuno, chikugwirizana ndi unyolo khutu, mikanda, ndi mutu chokhala ndi hoop kuyimitsidwa.

zovina chakale la India - ndi zovuta choreographic luso, amene kayendedwe anali canonized mu lonena tatchula pamwambapa "Natyashastra". Malinga wakale utsogoleri zinthu wa ku wa Natya, Nritta ndi Nritya kupanga tingachipeze powerenga kuvina.

Ndi Nattier ndi kugwedeza zina, manja, nkhope ndi mawu wojambula. Nritta - izo kwenikweni kuvina yokha, chomwe ndi zinthu mobwerezabwereza rhythmic. Nritya akuyerekezeranso kugwirizana zigawo ziwiri m'mbuyomu, umene anafotokoza tanthauzo chibadidwe kuvina. Indian choreography maphunziro akuyamba ndi kuphunzira kayendedwe ndi kukonza zimafunika kuyambira azaka 5 mpaka 9.

Masitaelo wamkulu

Dance India monga asanu masitaelo tingachipeze powerenga anayi yomwe kwa zaka mazana. The wamkulu wa iwo - Bharatnatyam, zochokera nthano zakale. Kuvina pemphero anachita kutchula kachisi ovina Devadasi polemekeza Ambuye Shiva.

magulu ake anachita pansi trajectories okhwima zojambula: maso, manja, mutu akokere Triangles, mizere molunjika, ndiye mabwalo. Zonsezi amapereka Bharatnatyam linearity.

gule wina, Kathak, ntchito ndi ansembe, Brahmins kukapereka ziphunzitso zake za ndizina Krishna. Ndi kwambiri kukopa Chisilamu, monga wotchuka pa bwalo la Mughal mafumu omwe analamulira India zaka mazana awiri.

Kathakali - dansi-sewero, mukhoza kuphedwa anyamata usiku. mfundo yake yaikulu - ndi ungwazi, ndipo monga gwero la kudzoza ntchito akale epic Ramayana.

Manipuri - wachisomo, koma pa nthawi yomweyo pafupi masitaelo otchuka a gule amene amasimba za ubale wa Ambuye ndizina Krishna ndi Radha wake wokondedwa.

Bollywood Masala

Ponena za mbiri ya kuvina Indian, inu simungakhoze kunyalanyaza chidwi chachikulu mu m'dziko lapansi masiku ano. Osati ntchito osachepera popititsa patsogolo pazochitika mafilimu.

Uyamiko kwa Iye, latsopano kalembedwe - Bollywood Masala, zomwe zikulumikizana miyambo Indian chisonyezo cha zipambano za kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kuvina. Izi wotchuka kwambiri kavinidwe mwa onse amene mokhudza za chikhalidwe cha dziko lino.

Ndithudi tikhoza kunena kuti kuvina Indian ndi mbiri zawo zakale ndi choreography, zomwe ziribe analogues mu dziko, ndi cholowa chikhalidwe cha anthu onse. Ndipotu, kukhala ndi kukoma zokongoletsa, kudziletsa, kupereka mphamvu yauzimu ndi kuthandiza kuti afotokoze maganizo awo kudzera kayendedwe rhythmic.