Makhalidwe a galimoto ndi mayankho Anthu

Galimoto ina yamagalimoto, kugulidwa kwina kwa mafuta ndi malingaliro a zomwe zingasangalatse galimoto kuti injini ikhale yabwino, ndi mwini wa galimoto. Zodziwika bwino? Ogwiritsira ntchito mafuta oyendetsa galimoto ali otsimikiza kuti eni eni ambiri amakono amalingalira pa malonda kapena pa maonekedwe okongola a magalimoto pamakalata ojambula. Kawirikawiri kuchokera pa kufotokozera pamakhala kuti izi sizimoto mafuta konse, koma zakuda zakuda. "Mtundu wosayerekezeka, mawonekedwe apaderadera, maonekedwe abwino" - omwe amalonda sangalembe pokhapokha atagula katundu wawo. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa osewera kwambiri osewera pamsika ndi makhalidwe a mankhwala awo.

Kodi amalonda amagulitsa bwanji mafuta oyendetsa galimoto kwa okonda galimoto?

Akatswiri ochokera ku dipatimenti yopanga zamalonda amadziwa bwino zomwe akufuna kuŵerenga pa phukusi ponena za mafuta wamba wokonda galimoto. Ndipo izi ndizolembedwa zomwezo. Ochita malonda nthawi zambiri samawonetsa pamenepo zinthu zambiri zofunika zokhudza mankhwalawa. Kawirikawiri, canister imanena zomwe zidzachitike munthu akagula mafuta.

Makhalidwe a magalimoto omwe amasonyeza, koma osati pamalo olemekezeka komanso ochepa kwambiri, apamwamba kwambiri. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri samayesa kudzifufuza okha kapena kuphunzira mfundo zamakono ndi zowonjezera. Ambiri amangomva kapena akuwerenga malonda kapena amatsogoleredwa ndi malangizowo omwe ogulitsa amapereka. Otsatirawo sakhala ndi chidwi kwenikweni ngati mankhwalawa ndi oyenerera galimoto inayake. Chinthu chachikulu ndikugulitsa mankhwalawa mtengo.

Opanga magalimoto odzola madzi

Mpaka pano, pali opanga ambiri omwe amapereka magalimoto awa kapena mafuta. Ena mwa iwo ali odziwika bwino amalonda achilendo, komanso omwe sakudziwika bwino. Ndipo ngati anthu ambiri amadziwa makhalidwe a galimoto ya shell, anthu ochepa amadziwa za olemba ku Russia. Tiyeni tiyesere kudziŵana ndi opanga ena ndi katundu wawo. Timayang'ana pazigawo zamadzimadzi ndi ndemanga.

Chigoba

Amene amapanga mafuta odzola amadziwika kwa aliyense. Zogulitsa za kampaniyi zimakonda kwambiri pakati pa eni galimoto padziko lonse. Mafuta, omwe amaperekedwa pansi pa chizindikirochi, amapangidwa ku Germany m'mafakitale. Nsalu zamadzimadzi zimapangitsa kuti muzisankha mafuta oyendetsa magalimoto kapena magalimoto opanda ntchito yapadera.

Kwa oyendetsa galimoto omwe amayendetsa magalimoto atsopano amakono ndi injini zamakono zomwe zimakhala ndi ndondomeko yoyeretsa gasi, Helix Ultra 0W-40 ndi yoyenera. Zizindikiro za magalimoto a Shell amatsatira zogwirizana ndi opanga injini ndi zidule za SAE. Amatha kusunga katundu wawo pansi pa kutentha mpaka madigiri -40. Chifukwa cha ichi, madzi amadzimadzi amachititsa kuti pang'onoting'ono mosavuta pangoyamba injini. Komanso, chifukwa cha mamasukidwe akayendedwe ake, mafutawa amaponyedwa bwino kumalo onse komwe kumakhala mafuta kapena kutetezedwa kwa mbali kapena mipingo. Madziwo ali ndi khalidwe lapamwamba kwambiri, kotero mabala a mkati mwa magulu onsewa samapezekamo ndalama zomwe zili ndi zizindikiro zosakwera.

Kwa injini zosavuta, mungagwiritse ntchito Helix 15W-10. Zizindikiro zoyerekezera za autos zimasonyeza kuti mafutawa amagwira ntchito bwino mu inverter motors, omwe ali ndi chothandizira, chitsulo, kutulutsa mphamvu. Mafutawa amapangidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zomwe opanga galimoto amalangiza.

Komanso pansi pa mtundu umenewu amapangidwa mafuta opangira mafuta a dizilo. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanda zoletsedwa pamodzi ndi injini za dizilo zamakono. Chifukwa chakuti izi ndizopanga magalimoto, zizindikiro za Shell zimalola kuti zikhale zolekerera kwambiri kwa opanga magalimoto. Mafuta opangira amenewa akhoza kuwonjezera moyo wa magetsi ngakhale mutagwira ntchito zovuta kwambiri.

Lubricant Helix HX7 imayang'aniridwa ndi wopanga ku magalimoto ochuluka kwambiri ndi ma kilomita omwe amayenda pamsewu m'dziko lathu. Madzi oterewa amatanthauza mafuta ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndipo ndi abwino kwa injini iliyonse ya injini ya mafuta kapena dizilo. Chifukwa cha mmene zimakhalira, zimayenda bwino kuposa mafuta ena. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ili ndi mlingo wotsika kwambiri.

Komabe wopanga amapereka mafuta a magalimoto ndi zipangizo zamakono. Ndemanga pazinthu za akatswiri zimatsimikizira zapamwamba kwambiri za mankhwalawa. Amagalimoto ambiri amalimbikitsanso madziwa. Komabe ndibwino kusankha mosamala, chifukwa pali ngozi yoti iwonongeke, yomwe tsopano ikukwanira m'misika. Makhalidwe a zojambulajambula ndi ovuta kwambiri.

"Mobile"

Sikuti ndi wotchuka kwambiri wotchuka wa mafuta a magalimoto ndi madzi odzola. Ndalamazo zimaphatikizapo zakumwa zamagalimoto ndi magalimoto.

Kwa magalimoto oyendetsa galimoto, mitundu yambiri ya zinthu zimaperekedwa. Wokonda galimoto aliyense amasankha mafutawo pagalimoto. Imodzi mwa mafuta otchuka kwambiri mumagulu a mankhwalawa ndi Mobil New Life 0W-40 ndi Mobil Peak Life 5W-40. Ngati galimoto yoyamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa magalimoto atsopano, ndiye kuti yachiwiri ndi yabwino kwa magalimoto ambiri akale. Izi ndi magalimoto abwino kwambiri. Zida ("Mobile New Life" makamaka) ndi zina mwa zabwino.

Ngati pali ntchito yabwino, yosakayika bwino ndi kuyeretsa bwino mkati mwa magetsi, n'zotheka kugula galimoto (zizindikiro 5w30 - zoyenera kutchulidwa viscosity) ESP Formula 5W-30 kapena Arctic 0W-40.

Makamaka zikhoza kukhala zosiyanitsa ndi zotulutsa phulusa. Izi zopangira mafuta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira ntchito ndi injini ya dizilo. Izi ndi Syst S Special V 5W-30. Kwa iwo amene amakonda kusunga komanso amakhala ndi magalimoto angapo pa dizilo ndi mafuta, "Mobile" imalimbikitsa kumvetsera ku autos. Makhalidwe a "Mobile" ndi apamwamba kwambiri, komanso zizindikiro za bata. Iyi ndi SHC Formula LB 0W-30.

Kuwonjezera apo, musaiwale kuti pali zinthu zamagetsi, zopangidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito chaka chonse. Izi ndi Super 1000 X1 10W-40 kapena 15W-40. Mafakitalewa apangidwa ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi makina ambiri.

Komanso, wopanga amapanga mafuta osiyanasiyana kwa makina apadera, makina omanga, ulimi ndi zipangizo zina.

Kawirikawiri, mzere wonse wa malonda uli ndi makhalidwe abwino a galimoto, ndi ogwirizana ndi maginito ambiri amphamvu. Mafutawa ndi okonda zachilengedwe.

British Petroleum

Kampaniyi imapereka mankhwala opangira mafuta. Pakati pa assortment pali zonse kupanga ndi semi-kupanga mankhwala. Mmodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri ndi ma Visco mafuta.

Mafuta opangira Visco 5000 ali ndi magawo abwino kwambiri opangira ntchito. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi injini ya mafuta ndi dizilo. Mafuta a mafuta amachititsa kuti magalimoto apereke chitetezo chokwanira. Nyengo ndi nyengo yonse. Mafuta a mndandandawu amatsuka bwino injini ndikuchepetsa poizoni wa kutentha.

Magalimoto "Visko 3000" - ndemanga (semisynthetics), makhalidwe

Visco 3000 ali ndi mawonekedwe omwe amapangidwa. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa mafuta ndi dizilo. Madzi oterewa amagwira bwino ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndipo amachepetsa kuvala pamoto. Maphunziro a okonda magalimoto amasonyeza zotsatira zosiyana. Anthu amalemba choyamba madzi akugwira ntchito bwino, kenako amawonjezereka. Koma, mwinamwake, izi zimachokera ku kukhalapo pamsika wa zofufumitsa zambiri. Amene amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta enieni, amakhutitsidwa ndi ntchito.

Luxe

Kodi magalimoto a Luxe ndi ndemanga, ndi ma viscosity? Tidzafotokozera zonsezi pansipa.

Pansi pa mtundu umenewu mumapanga timagetsi tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, polysynthetic ndi mineral lubricants. Izi ndi mbali ya kampani ya ku Russia. AvtoVAZ inavomerezedwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangira mankhwalawa.

Mu "Dolphin Idastriz", zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'dera la kale lomwelo, okwera magalimoto adzawona kuti pali magetsi ambiri osiyana siyana kwa ogulitsa osiyanasiyana.

Kwa magalimoto achilendo omwe ali ndi injini zamakono zamakono, kampani ili wokonzeka kupereka zopangidwa kuchokera ku "Lux Extra" mndandanda wa ma viscosity a 5W-40 SM / CF. Kwa magalimoto okhala ndi injini zakale, semi-synthetic Hit ndi viscosity ya 10W-40 ndi Lux 10W-40 amaperekedwa.

Ponena za kupulumutsa mphamvu, Lux 5W-30 ndi yangwiro. Mafutawa ali ndi pang'onopang'ono m'masukidwe akayendedwe akafika pamtunda. Kapena mungagule Molybden 10W-40. Mwa njira, madziwa ali ndi phukusi ndi zowonjezera zomwe ziri ndi insoluble molybdenum mankhwala. Zapangidwa kuti zichepetse kukangana ndi kutentha, kuchepetsanso kuthekera kovala ndi kusungira pamalo opangira. Mafutawa amakupangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuyamba injini ndikukuthandizani kuchepetsa mafuta ndi 2%.

Mafuta apamwamba, malingaliro oyerekeza, ndemanga zimatilola kuti tizindikire kuti mafuta ambiri ochokera kumtunda ndi abwino kwa magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, pali mankhwala osiyana ndi golide. Pano, ngati chinthu chogwiritsira ntchito, pali chidziwitso chapaderadera chochitapo kanthu. Mafutawa akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magetsi komanso dizeli omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso opanda mphamvu.

Kwa omwe amayenda pagalimoto pamasewera, kampaniyo imapereka Polus. Mndandanda uwu umakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa msinkhu wa mamasukidwe akayendedwe pamatentha. Mafutawa amachepetsa mapangidwe a pistoni, mphete, komanso amalephera kuika ma pulogalamu. Komanso nawo mungathe kuwonjezera mphamvu ya magalimoto.

Kotero, ife tinapeza chomwe galimoto ya Luxe imapanga. Maphunziro a oyendetsa galimoto amavomereza kuti AvtoVAZ sanavomereze phindu lake kwa wopanga. Mawu a ogwiritsa ntchito enieni amasonyeza khalidwe lapamwamba ndi mtengo wokwanira wa mankhwalawa.

Motul

Wopanga mankhwalawa ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa oyendetsa galimoto. Zonse za kampanizi zili ndi kulekerera pakati pa opanga magalimoto opanga. Sikuti zimangotulutsa madzi omwe amatha kukwaniritsa zina mwazofunika - zimakhala zonunkhira zenizeni zomwe zatha kusonyeza zizindikiro zawo pazochita, ndipo zotsatira zake zakhala zikudalira kwambiri kuyembekezera.

Msika wathu, kampaniyi ndi yopatsa mafuta omwe amachokera kwambiri. Zamadzimadzi zoterezi zimapangidwa pamaziko a esters. Mafuta okhala ndi esters ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri.

Kampaniyi imapereka mafuta ogulitsira masewera. Izi ndi mndandanda wa zinthu 300V. Kusiyana pakati pa mndandandawu ndikuti mankhwala onse ali abwino kwambiri kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso masewera a masewera. Mafutawa samangotentha bwino, komanso amateteza, komanso amatsuka magalimoto.

Kampaniyi yokha ndi yopangira mafuta a 0W-20, 10W-40, 20W-50 sukulu yopangidwa. "Motul" amadziwika kuti ndi mmodzi mwa omwe amapanga zinthu zofanana.

Amagalimoto amalemekeza kwambiri magalimoto amenewa "Motul." Zizindikiro zawo ndizochulukira kangapo kuposa zamagetsi ena opanga. Malingana ndi khalidwe, malonda a kampani, mwachitsanzo mafuta odzola, amagwirizana ndi zopangidwa ndi ena opanga.

Zida zonse zimapangidwira ndi kuyika botolo ku France. Izi zimachitidwa kuti apititse patsogolo chitsimikizo cha ulamuliro wapamwamba kwambiri. Mafuta ochuluka ndi ochuluka kwambiri, mzerewu umadodometsa kwenikweni.

Zambiri mwa zomwe zagulitsidwa, izi zisanayesedwe pa mpikisano woopsa kwambiri pazitsulo. Choncho, simungathe kudandaula za mtundu wa mankhwala. Zabwino basi musatero. Ngakhale ngati izi zikufuna kuyerekezera magalimoto molingana ndi maonekedwe, katundu wa Motul adzakhala pamwamba.

Zosangalatsa za msika wa Russia wa mafuta

Posachedwapa, Gazpromneft anapereka mafuta atsopano pansi pa chizindikiro chake pamsika wamagalimoto. Chophimbacho chimaphatikizapo zopangira 70 zosiyana. Kuwonjezera pa mafuta oyendetsa mafuta ndi mafuta a dizilo, palinso mawonekedwe apamwamba a injini za gasi, komanso magawo awiri a sitiroko.

Zatsopano zatsopano za kampaniyi cholinga chake ndi kuteteza zida zogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto oyendetsa komanso oyendetsa katundu. Maofesi a "Gazpromneft", omwe ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri, amathandiza oyendetsa galimoto kuti agwiritse ntchito mafutawa kwa magalimoto atsopano ndi ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Mzere wa mankhwalawa uli ndi zokometsera, zowonjezera, ndi mafuta odzola. Zonsezi zikugawidwa m'magulu atatu: Premium, Standart ndi Super.

Ngakhale kuti madzi oterewa amapangidwa posachedwapa, ambiri awonetsa kuti mafutawa ndi ofunika kwambiri. Ena mwa oyendetsa galimoto, Premium 5W-40 ndi Super 10W-40 ndi otchuka kwambiri. Madzi awa amapangidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito chaka chonse. Mafuta onse ndi abwino kwambiri pa nyengo.

Gazprom Neft ku Ulaya

Kwa zaka 5, kampaniyo inayambitsa ntchito zopanga ndalama zothandizira kupanga, komanso kupeza njira zamakono zamakono zamakono. Kampaniyo inapeza chomera ku Italy ndipo inayamba kupanga madzi odzola kwa oyendetsa galimoto ku Ulaya. Ndiye matekinoloje amakono opangira mafuta anafika ku Russia. Chifukwa chake, zida zamakono ndi zomangamanga zazitsamba zili pamlingo wa Ulaya.

Yerekezerani!

Kenaka, taganizirani za kufanana kwa ojambula ojambulawo ku Russia.

Poyerekeza ndi maonekedwe a mafuta oyendetsa galimoto, akatswiri ochokera ku Institute of Consumer Expert anali nawo. Akatswiri anayamba kufufuza zinthu zamitundu ina zamitundu yachilendo, ndipo ndithudi, mafuta okonza makina a ku Russia. Izi ndizochokera ku Lukoil, Lux, TNK ndi Gazpromneft.

Zonse zomwe zinkafunika kuyesedwa zinadza popanda mayina, mofanana ndi ziwerengerozo. Akatswiri anachita zofunikira zenizeni zowonongeka za thupi ndi mankhwala, komanso anatenga mayesero ochepetsera matendawa. Pakati pa mayeserowo, mayesero anachitidwa kuti chiwerengero cha viscosity, acidity, komanso chiwerengero cha alkaline, tsamba lakuda , kusasinthasintha ndi zizindikiro zina zambiri. Palibe zitsanzo zomwe zinayesedwa kuti zisayesedwe sizinali zovuta. Akatswiri sanathe kuzindikira zolakwa zilizonse.

Kuti muone momwe mafutawa amagwirira ntchito mu injini yeniyeni, madzi odzola ayesedwa ndi thermostability. Panali chiyeso cha zizindikiro za tribological. Chizindikiro ichi chimakulolani inu kuti mudziwe zomwe zimatetezedwa ku kuvala kwa mafuta.

Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wophunzitsidwa, akatswiri apeza kuti mafuta a ku Russia sali otsika kwa mpikisano wawo wa ku Ulaya ndi zikhalidwe zirizonse. M'madera ena munthu amakhoza ngakhale kuona kupambana.

Kulankhula mawu ena, mafuta Russian angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa magalimoto lina. The stereotype kuti Russian lubricants yekha magalimoto zoweta - wathunthu zamkhutu. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi manambalawo, ndi mayesero zasayansi. Komanso, mafuta zoweta ndi ndemanga zabwino ndi approvals wa opanga galimoto. Kotero musati zikuchepa kutsutsa mankhwala a opanga zoweta.

Kotero, ife tinapeza makhalidwe poyerekeza ya Galimoto, ankaona opanga zingapo ndi kuwona momwe iwo kuika okha kwa eni galimoto ndemanga.