Makhalidwe Ostap (Nikolai Gogol, "Taras Bulba"). Poyerekeza makhalidwe a Ostap ndi Andriy

Gogol a "Taras Bulba" - ntchito osokoneza. Pa dzanja limodzi, iye anaimba ngati mphamvu zodabwitsa za mzimu Russian, pa zina - mantha owerenga ano zafotokozedwa wakale wa nkhanza. Tikhonza kukhala wothokoza kwambiri chifukwa chakuti tinalibe kuti tikukhala m'masiku ovuta.

mfundo zonse za Cossacks, chuma chawo kukwaniritsa zolinga ndi moyo lero yang'anani wildness wosayera.

Msonkhano Bulba banja

chiwembu adzakumbukira onse akadali pa sukulu: akale msilikali Taras Bulba, kuyembekezera ku Kiev Academy ana ake awiri - Ostap okalamba ndi junior Andria, watumidwa pamodzi ndi iwo mu Sich, mtima wake kuti zonsezi "phunziroli ndi nzeru" amantha. sayansi wapeza wokalamba Cossack yotentha kunkhondo kotero chachimuna Ndikugwira.

ana ake - awiri athanzi, anyamata okongola zaka "kwa zaka makumi awiri." Iwo ali a chikhalidwe chosiyana: ndi Ostap khalidwe ayamba kuchotsa kuchokera pa tsamba loyamba. Mwamsanga pambuyo kunyumba, akulowa nkhondoyo ndi bambo ake, zimavuta okha kuwuseleula (akale Bulba ankaoneka kupusa kwa makolo "mipukutu"). Tiyenera kupereka msonkho kwa msilikali pa mwana wamkulu sanali akwiye, koma zosiyana kwambiri: anasangalala ndipo anafuna kumenyana ndi wamng'ono. Koma zinthu izi zopangidwa zinthu zosiyana, ndipo bambo anga yomweyo kusindikiza kuwonjezera: "O, inde inu mazunchik, ine ndikuwona!".

Young Khalidwe Ostap

Kudziwa akatswiri awo Gogol anafotokoza zochepa, koma zimasonyeza mawu, ndipo Ostap khalidwe la angapo amacita nkhanza zina. Man, ndi m'mbali wokhulupirika mnzake, konse anapereka amathandiza wake pa masewera seminare.

Akatswiri a sayansi mwana wamkulu wa Taras osayanjanitsika - yekha kuopseza zaka makumi awiri mtumiki agulupa kulengeza mwa atate wake, kukakamiza kutenga sayansi. Ndipo apa iwo anapeza kuti luso iye si zoopsa kuposa ena, koma onse Ostap chomwecho pafupifupi konse ndi chilichonse chimene ndikuganiza ena kuposa "nkhondo ndi zipolowe mchezo".

Pa nthawi yomweyo, ndi chifundo si mlendo kwa mtima wake (kuti ndi otetezedwa pa "mwamphamvu amphamvu" khalidwe ndi nyengo yomweyo). wosasangalala mayi misozi mwana wamkulu wa chisoni ndi wasiya nyumba, mwachisoni adaweramitsa mutu wake.

Cherchez La femme

Mwana wachiwiri wa Bulba ndi osiyana woyamba: khalidwe poyerekeza wa Ostap ndi Andriy yomweyo kupezeka kwa owerenga. The mng'ono si monga surly mtima - anali amakonda sayansi, ndi mitundu yonse ya maganizo. Kulota anamanganso la manja, iye, koma amaganiza, ndi zina zambiri. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti utsogoleri wa Academy anasonyeza Andrew, nthawi zambiri kuyendera anatsogolera wa pranks osiyanasiyana pothana ndi tcheru pa nthawi Adam'teteza ku chilango. Mwanjira imeneyi, khalidwe Ostap zosiyana: utsogoleri wa sanayese, osaganizira kofunika kudzilungamitsa. Iye anatenga awalanga mwakachetechete ndi meekly kuti amalankhula za pakalibe zidule, ndi pamaso pa kunyada.

Chachikulu kusiyana, lomwe limati tcheru wowerenga mbali Ostap ndi Andriy, - malo a mkazi mu moyo wa aliyense. Ngati mchimwene za izo ndi sakuganiza wamng'ono anaphunzira mwamsanga kufunika kwa chikondi, mwamsanga pamene iye anadutsa khumi.

Taras Bulba mtima kwa theka ofooka wa anthu kuposa chipongwe. "Kazak si chinachake chisokonezo padziko ndi akazi" - ndi peremptory Taras khalidwe. Ostap, zikuoneka, atate wake kutha mu "ufulu" mzimu. Ndi wamng'ono sizinayende: pa maphunziro ake anakumana Kiev "wokongola Polish mtsikana" mwana wamkazi kuyendera woweruza, ndi kugwa mu chikondi ndi iye mnzake. Kumva ndi kutsogolera imfa yake.

Asayansi ku nkhondo

Kufika pa Sich, Bulba mkulu yomweyo anamutenga kuti tamp ataman kupanga nkhondo kulondera (ana nyuhnuli onga). Popeza anakana, ndi msilikali wakale Kasupe mu tirade anakwiya, tanthauzo lake kuti moyo wopanda nkhondo - ulibe phindu.

M'kupita Taras potsiriza "mwayi". The Cossack Kosh ndi uthenga woipa kuti Ukraine Zitsulo akamenyane anthu Orthodox, ndipo mipingo ngakhale tsopano wokwatibwa ndi Ayuda - ". Ayuda" kutumikira utumiki, inu kulipira Kupha ana aang'ono a Isiraeli pafupi ndi Sich Cossacks zinthu amphamvu kampeni ndi kubwera kwa mzinda wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba wa Dubno, umene anthu ali wokonzeka kulimbana kwa wotsiriza, koma mudzipereke kwa asilikali a Zaporozhye. Sitingathe kunena kuti udindo uwu sizolondola: malongosoledwe anamanganso wa mikono ya Cossacks si likunena za chifundo owonetseredwa, kumene kulikonse anali amuna amphamvu ndi olimba mtima, anatentha, kupha, talandidwa ndi kuzunzidwa - ngati Gogol akubwereza anali miyambo ya nthawi wankhanza .

Chifukwa ndi masautso

Choncho, Dubno m'mbuyo, koma anthu ake ndi vuto ndi chakudya mu mzinda, oyandikana midzi anagonjetsa ndi Cossacks anamanga msasa pafupi ndi mpanda, cholinga kusunga kuzinga mpaka njala zimene sadakhoza zida.

Pa kumenyanako potsiriza zimaonekeratu zimene mwana mkulu Taras - Ostap Bulba: khalidwe, anam'patsa atate wake, kudzikonda koposa: "Zidzakhala zabwino nthawi, msilikali, koma kuti waistband ndi bambo khala chete!". The wamkulu wa abale, ngakhale kuti wachinyamata (iye anali makumi awiri), kumaonekera monga munthu analengedwa "kupereka karate zochitika." Iye ali wolimba, mwankhanzaku, kuwerengetsa nkhondo, wokhoza bwino osalingalira awo ndi magulu ankhondo. maganizo ake ali wotanganidwa ndi chigonjetso - ndipo akupeza njira kukwaniritsa kufunika, ngakhale yochepa anabwerera.

Ndiye potsiriza anatsimikiza mtima kusiyana abale: mapangidwe a Andria ndi Ostap osati zimene ali kale za iwo M'malo mwake - izo lowonjezera ndi mfundo yatsopano.

Mwana wamng'ono Taras amaona nkhondo "misala chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo." Iye sali sachedwa Ziwerengero kuyambirira kapena mawunikidwe: chikhalidwe ichi, kani, mokhudza ndi chibadwidwe, osati bata ndi wololera. Nthawi zina alimbane wina wa mtima wosimidwa wamaliza pakuchita zosatheka, ndipo ndiye atate amavomereza mwana wake, koma m'malo achikulire, "Ndipo uwu ndi wodziwa ...! Osati Ostap, ndi zabwino, mtundu wankhondo! ".

kusakhulupirika Andria

Mu mzinda anazinga wa Cossacks thukuta la kusungulumwa, kumwa, kusewera zidule. Gogol anafotokoza Zaporozhye chilango angakhumudwe katswiri wa asilikali kuti: msasa wonse mbakhagona, ndi kokha Andriy amayendayenda mu steppe ndi kuwawa mtima - kanthu koma premonition la tsoka lake. Ndipo ndithu, amene waba munthu shadowy chithunzi. Njakata amaphunzira mdzakazi wake Kiev bwino: Chitata, popeza muli malemba mobisa ku mzinda anazinga, anadza kupempha chakudya Andria Pannochki.

Khalidwe la anthu a Inde zochitika wotsatira mgwirizano ndi aliyense wa iwo. Tikhoza kunena kuti makhalidwe a Taras Bulba, Ostap, Andria anamaliza - mukhonza kumvetsetsa mmene makhalidwe makhalidwe ndi kudziwa tsogolo.

Membala wamng'ono wa banja, ya chifuniro cha chibadwidwe ndi wofunitsitsa zosangalatsa, wotaya mutu wake. Kupita wokongola Polish mtsikana ndi mkate, Andre amaiwala ntchito yake ndi kwawo. "Mama wanga - inu", - Iye anati wokomamtima, ndi kukhala mu mzinda anazinga, kupita kwa mdani.

Uthenga wa kuperekedwa kwa mwana wake, anabweretsa Myuda Yankel kupweteka mabala a Taras. pofuna phindu kumutonthoza: kukumbukira msilikali akale, kuti "mphamvu yaikulu ya mkazi ofooka ... kuti malleable chikhalidwe cha mbali iyi ya Andria."

ana imfa

Komabe, kuzindikira kufooka kwa makolo siliyanja Bulba chikhululukiro - iye ndi wosamvera, wankhanza komanso ankhanza mfundo zake: kutikopa mwana wam'ng'ono mu nkhalango pa nkhondo, bambo chipha mwana ndi mawu, kwa nthawi yaitali akhala mapiko: "Ndimakukonda anabereka Ndimakukonda ndi kupha! ".

Pakutayika mwana wina, bambo ake a chikondi ake onse ndi kunyada amapatsa wina. Mwankhanza anadula nkhondo, kupulumuka ndi chozizwitsa, amaika mu Warsaw yokha, kuyesa kupulumutsa ku ukapolo Ostap - koma izi, mwatsoka, sizingakhoze kuchitidwa. Atate sanathe kuona mwana wake, ndi (mosalephera chifukwa cha mtima wa Taras, amene analephera kupirira chipongwe alonda amene anayesa chiphuphu malankhulidwe okweza ndi zidutswa golide kudziwika kwa ife Yankel).

Asachite chiyembekezo, akale Bulba alipo m'dera limene akaidi ziperekedwa, ndi khalidwe la Ostap, ichi kale, kachiwiri anatsimikizira. Kumuzunza, sikuti iye zimatulutsa phokoso lililonse, osati kupulumutsa "achikunja" -polyakam kozachi zosangalatsa kumva kubuula. moyo wake chinachepa kamodzi kokha, pamene kupweteka kwambiri mwankhanza, ndipo kenako Anagonjera kufooka (mwina nthawi yokhayo moyo wake lalifupi) Ostap adafuwula m'chipsinjo moyo: "Batko! Kodi inu! Kodi mukumva? "Ndi kuima pakati kuonelela iye anati Bulba ankakonda mwana wake," Ine ndamva kuti inu! ".