Malasha ndime: momwe manja anu

Pafupifupi onse njira ya makolo ya kupanga ambiri otentha chakumwa - vodika - ochokera ku maphunziro Russian sayansi T. E. Lovits amene anaphunzira zimene amamwa ndi makala amoto. Chifukwa cha ulaliki wake khala ndime lero imatengedwa njira yabwino kwambiri mowa khalidwe kuyeretsa. Only patapita kudula mokwanira zosafunika kumwa amakhala khalidwe. Koma izi brew kupanga zawo.

Kusankha malasha

amisiri kwambiri kuganizira kuti mpweya yabwino kuyeretsedwa mizimu - birch. Ndipotu, kuti khala mzati ndi manja ake Birch mosavuta ndi mtengo, kotero mtundu wa malasha nazo. Ndi cholakwika cheapness ake ndipo kawirikawiri mankhwala mowa zolinga mafakitale, komanso kupanga mankhwala adamulowetsa mpweya.

Ngakhale kuti ntchito makala birch ndi wamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mapiritsi kuyeretsedwa mowa sayenera. Mfundo ndi kuti gulu la zosakaniza mwa iwo, kuwonjezera mpweya, mulinso zigawo zina, amene adzakupatsani chomaliza mankhwala kukoma zoipa ndi fungo. Komanso mankhwala anachita wothandiza chigawo chimodzi, monga talc kapena wowuma, kungam'lepheretse thupi ndi chifukwa matsire kwambiri, maonekedwe amene amadziwika kuti mwachindunji amadalira khalidwe la chakumwa cha.

imathandiza kufunika

Ndime ya malasha zingamuthandize kuyeretsedwa kwa mizimu, osati kuchokera mtambo wooneka, komanso anthu amene ali zikuchokera mankhwala poizoni.

Mwa wamba ndi awa:

• methyl mowa;
• fusel mafuta;
• ethers;
• aldehydes (acetic, butyric, crotonic, etc.).

pali mfundo zomveka, amene amathandiza kukwaniritsa khala ndime wachina chilichonse. Kale, ndi makala amoto kwambiri ankaona thundu, alder, linden, mumamera ndi popula, koma lero kovuta kupeza iwo akugulitsa.

Sefa loyamba

Poyamba vodika kuyeretsedwa ndondomeko amapezeka ndi khala ochiritsira yaiwisi. Pamene muli resins zosiyanasiyana, monga kusefa njira kwambiri kusintha kakomedwe ka chakumwa cha. Ndime yoyamba kwa khala kukonza mowa yolimba mkuwa yamphamvu mamita angapo kutalika. miyeso amenewa zipangizo izi tsiku ntchito, koma pamlingo mafakitale. Komanso mowa kale amasungidwa mu ndime pafupifupi tsiku, zomwe kwambiri bwanji osati kwa kuyeretsedwa komanso katundu onse organoleptic wa chomaliza mankhwala. Komanso, vodika Polemeretsedwa zidulo chakudya ndi acetaldehyde amene kusokoneza thupi.

Yoyenera fyuluta kusankha

Popeza mamolekyulu zosafunika zosiyanasiyana zoipa ndi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndi kusankha kalasi khala kofunika kuyeretsedwa potengera malamulo ena.

Choncho, khala ndime wodzazidwa fupa nyama makala, kumasula mamolekyulu mowa chabe, kusiya mu chomaliza mankhwala ambiri mafuta fusel. Makala chiyambi umaonetsa makhalidwe abwino a kusefera, choncho ankaona abwino ntchito payekha. Inu mukhoza kugula khala apadera kuyeretsa mowa, amene amapangidwa pansi pa BAU-A ndi OU-A. mankhwala amene amapangidwa oipa a zipatso za mitundu matabwa kapena birch.

Komanso, malasha chipilala, zopangidwa ndi manja ake, adzakhala liziyenda bwino ndi:

• makala kwa kanyenya ndi;
• madzi Zosefera;
• Makala kupanga yekha.

kwa zotsimikizira ndime malasha

Kwa mizati mpweya chifukwa kudziyeretsa mowa wamphamvu ndi manja ake kubala mkulu khalidwe chomaliza mankhwala, ndi okwanira kuti akonze mtengo wa zipatso matabwa kapena birch. Pambuyo awo makala wathunthu woyaka kuti adzasonkhanitsidwa ku china otentha ndipo mwamphamvu chatsekedwa mu chotengera refractory. Pambuyo yozizira mosamala kuchotsa makala onse phulusa kuti ndi kosatheka kuti asambe. The makala otsala pogaya ndi asiyanitse mu sefa.

kutsegula wa malasha

mizati aliyense mpweya chifukwa kudziyeretsa mowa wamphamvu ndi manja ake Pasakhale ntchito adamulowetsa mpweya, amene amaonetsetsa otetezedwa kotheratu kwa kuipitsa malo ndi mankhwala. Adamulowetsa mpweya ndi kuliona ndi nthunzi yotentha. Pa nthawi ya processing adzamasulidwa ku khala phula mankhwala ena mankhwala.

Kupanga Danga

katundu wamakono zochizira mowa kutenga malo pang'ono ndi nthawi. Childs, 1 lita kukonza madzi 1 maola ndi chokwanira, ndipo ngakhale zochepa, amene amalola apamwamba ufulu wa Mankhwala oipitsa mowa popanda izo kukoma owonjezera kapena fungo. Kunyumba, ndi mpweya fyuluta ntchito pa mavuto kulemera kwa madzi anazitsanulira mwa izo.

Malasha mzati kuti Brew anapanga ndi manja awo, ndi ofukula mkuwa chitoliro mita hafu msinkhu ndi masentimita 5,10 awiri. N'zotheka ntchito mipope unapangidwa zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo. Mbali chapamwamba chubu wotseguka ndipo zaikidwa ndi kumaliseche nozzle m'munsi, chimene chimatichititsa madzi mu chidebe okonzeka. Kuti mwamphamvu ndime anali mosamalitsa pamalo ofukula, kuti makoma ake kapena pansi pa miyendo amagwira.

Ngati inu simungakhoze ntchito zitsulo chitoliro, zoyenera ndi galasi nyuzi, Lomwe lingathe kukopedwa pa malo ritelo glassware. Pankhaniyi, chinthu chachikulu - kugwiritsa ntchito buku la nyuzi osachepera atatu malita, ndi mmunsi mwa m'ndandanda wa zitsulo strainer zosapanga.

Jobs fyuluta

Pamaso pa chiyambi cha kusefera khala mzati ndi manja ake ili ndi adamulowetsa makala hafu msinkhu wa. Kenako ndime ladzala ndi mankhwala mowa, ndi yamphamvu ndi mwachisawawa anatseka ndi chivindikiro. Izi ziri mwa dongosolo kupewa evaporation mowa, koma kulola gulu ndege ingestion mowa. Gwiritsani mzati pa maola awiri osafunika chifukwa khala pores kukhala yatsekera ndi kubwezeretsa ntchito zawo pambuyo maola osachepera 8. N'chifukwa chake buku la ndime bwino kuchita zosaposa malita awiri. Pa wina fyuluta amatha kudzaza yovina 30 malita a mankhwala khalidwe, inatuluka kuyeretsa amakhala operewera.

Ziletsozi ndi machenjezo

Choncho, kupanga makala mzati, ndithudi, koma bwanji ngati palibe yamphamvu zitsulo, palibe babu galasi? Gwiritsani kupanga apamwamba fyuluta zipangizo, mabotolo makamaka pulasitiki, ndikoletsedwa. chakuti mowa amalowa mankhwala anachita ndi mapulasitiki ndi limatulutsa wambirimbiri poizoni mu chomaliza mankhwala.

Ntchito mizati malasha kuchokera Zosefera kupuma kapena opanga koletsedwa zifukwa zofanana.

Kuteteza ndime ya tikulimbikitsidwa kuti yekha "thupi" wa mowa wamphamvu, chifukwa mbali zina zambiri zinyalala khala ndi kuchipanga icho chopanda pake.

Komanso, chifukwa kwenikweni apamwamba mankhwala kudutsa kuyeretsa Brew wagawo ayenera kukhala awiri.

Zosefera wokonzeka

Ngati n'zosatheka kupanga sefa ndi dzanja kapena zophweka wosafuna kuti ayeretsedwe mowa wamphamvu, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo okonzeka zopangidwa. Pakuti zoikamo wapadera umenewu amapezeka kuti kusefera mowa, koma saizi ndi Zosefera kuyeretsa madzi akumwa. Iwo ali khala kwambiri amatenga Mankhwala oipitsa kwa madzi ndi zina mankhwala izo.

Kukhazikitsa kusefa pulayimale adamulowetsa mpweya amalola distillate kuchotsa mowa zosafunika onse alipo zoipa ndi kubweretsa izo zayamba makhalidwe vodika khalidwe.

Kupanga zomwezo ndime khala satenga nthawi yambiri ndiponso khama, kotero izo zikhoza anazindikira mwa aliyense. Chinthu chachikulu - kutsatila malangizo ena, ndiyeno zonse zidzakhala.

Mulimonse mmene zinakhalira, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti mowa ndi zovulaza thanzi.