Malo a dziko la Greece, nyanja, zilumba, chikhalidwe, nyengo

Greece imakhala mbali ya kumwera kwa Balkan Peninsula ndi zilumba zapafupi. Dzikoli limadutsa ku Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria ndi Turkey. Chifukwa cha malo ake, Hellas amadziwika ndi malo ake apadera, chikhalidwe ndi nyengo.

Kumalo komwe kuli

Dera lonse la Greece ndi makilomita 132,000. Yatsukidwa ndi nyanja zambiri. Malo a dziko la Greece ndi otere kuti dzikoli liri ndi nyanja ya 15,000 kilomita yaitali. Dziko likhoza kugawa magawo atatu: mainland, Peloponnese Peninsula ndi zilumba zambiri. Greece, yomwe ili ku Balkan, ili ndi zigawo zingapo: Greek Macedonia, Thrace, Epirus, Thessaly.

Peloponnese

Mainland Greece pamapu ali ndi mapeto a Peloponnese Peninsula. Ikugwirizana ndi mabungwe a Balkans ndi Corinthian Isthmus. Kupyolera mu izo, pofuna kuti zipangidwe ziziyenda bwino, ngalande yothamanga inakumbidwa. Kumwera kwa chilumba pakati pa Messinia ndi Lakonia ndi mapiri a Taiget. Zimaphatikizapo miyala yamakono ndi crystalline schists. Mphepete mwa nsonga zazing'ono zimakhala ndi chisanu m'nyengo yozizira. Malo a dziko la Greece ndi otero kuti m'madera amenewa, mkungudza ndi mitengo yamtengo wapatali imakula. Nthaŵi zambiri, amavutika kwambiri ndi moto waukulu.

M'nthaŵi zakale anthu a Peloponnese anali malo obadwira azamakedzana akale a Mycenaean. Lero, mzinda wawukulu wa peninsula ndi Patras, momwe anthu 169,000 amakhala. Gombe ili lili pa doko lachigwa lotchedwa Patraikos. Pakatikati mwa Peloponnese pali mapiri osiyanasiyana, omwe maunyolo anai amachokera. Amapanga mapiri aang'ono komanso malo okongola kwambiri.

Nyanja

Malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja a Girisi apanga dziko la nyanja zambiri. Amatsukidwa ndi mathithi atatu osambira. Iyi ndi nyanja ya Aegean, Ionian ndi Libyan kumwera kwa Kerete, yomwe pamodzi ndi mbali ya Nyanja Yaikulu ya Mediterranean.

Agiriki ochokera ku nthawi zakale anali kugwirizana kwambiri ndi madzi. Zombo zawo zinkayenda kutali kwambiri kummawa ndi kumadzulo, ndipo oyendayenda omwe anali osangalatsa ankakhazikitsa m'madera osiyanasiyana ku Southern Europe. Nyanja yaikulu ya Girisi ndi Nyanja ya Aegean. Imakhala pakati pa Asia Minor, Balkan Peninsula ndi chilumba cha Krete. Madzi ake amatsuka osati ku Girisi, komanso ndi oyandikana naye ku Turkey.

The Islands

Kumadzulo, gombe la Girisi linakhazikitsidwa ndi zilumba za Ionian Islands. Ichi ndi gulu laling'ono. Koma Nyanja ya Aegean ili ndi zilumba zambiri. Amagawidwa m'magulu angapo: a Cyclades, Northern Sporades, Southern Sporades (Dodecanese). Zilumba zazikulu kwambiri ndi Krete ndi Rhodes. Pogwirizana ndi kusiyana kotereku, malo a dziko la Greece ndi opambana kwambiri. Zonsezi, dzikoli lili ndi zilumba ziwiri zokha zosiyana. Ambiri mwa iwo osaposa 200.

Mpumulo

Zilibe kanthu kuti Greece pamakhala mapu ochepa motani, mpumulo wake ndi wosiyana. Pali mapiri a mapiri ndi mapiri aatali. Magulu osiyana ndi mapiri a Thrace, Makedoniya, Pinda, Olympus (pali malo omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi Greece komanso mamita 2,900). Mapiri amasiyana ndi zigwa ndi mitsinje yaing'ono.

Mabanki amadziwika bwino kwambiri ndipo amabisala zodabwitsa zambiri. Choncho, ngakhale ndi miyezo yonse ya Mediterranean, palibe dziko lapadera ngati Greece. Kulongosola kwa chitetezo sikungakhoze kuchita popanda kutchula Cape Tenaro pa Peloponnese Peninsula. Pafupi ndi kuvutika kwakukulu mu Nyanja ya Mediterranean, yomwe imatchedwa "Inus Well".

Chotsitsa chamagazi chimapezeka kwambiri ku Greece. Chifukwa cha iwo m'dziko (makamaka kumadzulo kwake), pali mapanga ambiri, karst craters ndi zina zambiri za malo omwe amachititsa chidwi chowoneka chachilengedwe.

Mapiri ali aang'ono ndipo amapangidwa. Kuphatikiza pa miyala ya miyala yamchere, iwo amapangidwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali. Mapiri a Chigriki alibe pafupifupi mapiri ndi mapiri. Mitunda, monga lamulo, ilibe zomera chifukwa cha msipu wamtunda wa ng'ombe ndi nyengo yowuma kumwera.

Nyengo

Malinga ndi zizindikiro za meteorological, Greece, kufotokozera komwe sikudzatha popanda kutchula ulamuliro wake wa kutentha, kumasiyana kwambiri ndi gawo lake m'madera a Mediterranean ndi madera otentha. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, akatswiri amadziwitsa malo angapo. Mwachitsanzo, kumpoto kwa Epirus, kumpoto kwa Macedonia ndi mbali ina ku Thessaly, nyengo sikuti imapiri, koma imakhalanso yotentha. Zizindikiro zake (nyengo youma yotentha, nyengo yozizira) ndi ofanana ndi Alpine.

Ku Attica, Peloponnese ndi Crete, nyengo ndi Mediterranean. Mvula ndi yosavuta apa. Nthawi zina nyengo yonse ya chilimwe ikhoza kudutsa popanda mvula. Kumalo omwewo kuli chilumba cha Karpathos. Greece ili ndi chigawo chakusinthasintha kumpoto kwa Aegean Islands, kumene nyengo imakhala yotsika kwambiri - ikhoza kukhala yozizira komanso yotentha kwambiri.

Mvula yam'mlengalenga imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mapiri a Pind. Chigawo chakumadzulo kwake (Epirus) chimalandira mvula yambiri kuposa Thessaly, yomwe ili kummawa.

Likulu la Atene lili m'derali, kumene zinthu za m'nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi nyengo yozizira zimagwirizanitsidwa. Kum'mwera kwa dzikoli, mvula yambiri imagwa m'nyengo yozizira. Komabe, koma chitonthozo ndicho chinthu chachikulu chomwe Girisi ikugwirizanitsa. Nyanja ya Mediterranean imachepetsa nyengo ndi madzi otentha.

Nyanja ndi mitsinje

Nyanja yaikulu kwambiri ku Greece ndi Ioannina. Chifukwa cha mapiri palibe mtsinje wawukulu, ndipo mitsinje yomwe ilipo imakhala ndi mitsinje yokongola kwambiri. Ambiri a iwo amathamanga mu canyons. Aljakmon, mtsinje wautali kwambiri ku Greece, uli ndi makilomita 300. Mitsempha yamadzi ya dzikoli si yoyenera kuyenda, koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera monga magwero a mphamvu ndi ulimi wothirira mbewu zaulimi.

Mitsinje ikuluikulu mu Greece (kupatula Aliakmon) ndi Nestos, Evros, Vardar, Strimon, Ahelios. Zimasiyana ndi chisanu-mvula ndi kudya mvula. Stock ingasinthe malinga ndi nthawi ya chaka. Mitsinje ikuluikulu imakhala yochepa m'chilimwe. Zina mwa izo zikhoza kuuma kwa kanthawi.

Chilengedwe

Monga mukudziwira, chinenero cha ku Girisi, pamodzi ndi Chilatini, chinapatsa dzina zinyama ndi zomera zambiri. Chikhalidwe cha dziko lino chili ndi mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana. Mitengo ya azitona ndi ya lalanje imatha kukula m'misewu ya midzi . Pali mitengo yambiri ya cypresses ndi ndege. Ndi ku Girisi kumakula walnuts - apa amadziwika kuti "acorns of gods".

Maluwa a m'deralo ali ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana chifukwa dera lino ndilo kusiyana pakati pa magawo atatu a dziko lapansi. Pamapiri ndi m'mapiri pali minda ya nkhuyu, azitona, makangaza. Mphesa yamphesa ndi minda ya zipatso ndizofupipafupi.

Nyama za chilumba cha Karpathos ndi zochititsa chidwi. Greece ndi imodzi mwa malo otsiriza omwe sapezeka m'nyanja ya Mediterranean. Anthu awo, okhala ku Karpathos, amatetezedwa ndi azisayansi. Mitundu ina imene ikukhala ku Greece ku Red Book ndiyo ndowa za m'deralo.

Kumapiri a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, pali maluwa, nkhwangwa, komanso zimbalangondo. Ambululu achigiriki amaimiridwa ndi mbawala, mbuzi zamapiri, nyamakazi, nyama zamphongo ndi ziweto. Kum'mwera, pali zinyama zambiri, zilulu ndi njoka. Zamoyo zamphongo zambiri zimakhala makoswe (voles, maimba, hamsters, nkhono, mbewa).

Nyama za mbalamezi zimakhala ndi abakha, nyama, nkhunda, njiwa, maulendo, mafunde, njoka, ziphuphu, ndi ziphuphu zomwe zimafala pakati pa odyetsa nyama. M'nyengo yozizira, pali flamingo pamene amathawira ku chilumba cha Kos, kumene mumzinda wa Kos uli. Greece imakopa mbalame zouluka ndi nyengo yake yabwino.

Zamchere

Mchere wa Greek si ambiri, koma osiyanasiyana. Kuyambira m'ma 1980. Amapanga mafuta ndi gasi, zomwe zidapezeka pa chilumba cha Thassos. Zina zowonjezera mafuta ndi lignite ndi lignite.

M'dziko muno muli ndalama zomwe zimayambira chifukwa cha kupanga miyala ya crystalline. Kutalikirana ndi Athens ndi zilumba zina zimachokera chitsulo, manganese, nickel, mkuwa, polymetals, bauxites. Mwa mawu ochuluka, iwo si ochuluka kwambiri. Zambiri mu Greece sandstone, limestone ndi marble (ndiko, zipangizo zamatabwa). Kukula kwa granite kumachitika mu Cyclades. Miyala ya Marble ya Marble imadziwika kuyambira kale. Amtengo wapatali ku Greece, mitundu yambiri ya aluminium. Nkhokwe zawo zonse, malinga ndi zoyerekezera zosiyanasiyana, ziri pafupi matani 650 miliyoni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zithe kugulitsa zinthu zopangirazi.

Ku Hellas, ena mwa migodi yakale kwambiri m'mbiri ya anthu adawonekera. Ena a iwo amagwira ntchito mpaka lero. Mwachitsanzo, minda pafupi ndi Lavrion ku Attica ndi gwero la siliva ndi kutsogolera. Kumpoto kwa Girisi kulipo malo osungirako chitsulo chosakanizika chachromite. Pamalo amodzi, asibesitosi imachotsedwa. Greece ikupereka zipangizo zamagnesite kwa malonda akunja. Pumisi ndi emery zimachotsedwa pa Nisyros ndi Turo. Ku Peloponnese ndi Thrace pali sulfide ores.