Malo akuluakulu a ndege ku Moscow

Ndege za ku Moscow zimachokera kumtunda, ndikupanga midzi kuzungulira mzindawo. Ndizovuta kwa anthu komanso alendo a likululikulu. Anthu amasiku ano amawayamikira nthawi yawo, ndipo kuti apite mofulumira kuchokera kumalo osiyanasiyana kupita kwina, ambiri amapita kumalo a makampani oyendetsa katundu.

Ndege za ku Moscow. Maina a aakulu kwambiri

Pamene ballooning inali itangoyambika, mu 1910 ndege yoyamba inaonekera ku Moscow. Tsopano mumzindawu pali malo okwera ndege, kumene uthenga wogwira ntchito bwino padziko lonse ukugwira ntchito. Vnukovo ndi Ostafievo. Muscovites ndi alendo akugwiritsanso ntchito malo akuluakulu a mpweya ku madera a Moscow: Domodedovo, Chkalovsky, Sheremetyevo.

Mabwalo akuluakulu a m'madera a Moscow ndi atatu aakulu kwambiri: Sheremetyevo, Domodedovo, Vnukovo. Ambiri a ndege zam'nyumba ndi zakunja amaperekedwa ndi iwo. Mfundo izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chitukuko chokonzekera. Ndege za ku Moscow zimapereka mfundo zamakono zamakono ndi zam'kalasi, zipinda zodikira, malo olankhulana, zipinda zogona, masitolo, magalimoto, mahotela. Pulogalamu yamapemphero imakumananso ndi khalidwe lachizungu kuno. Anthu ogwira ntchito yolemala akuyang'anira ntchito yapadera.

Sheremetyevo

Mukamayenda, aliyense amayesa kusankha njira yomwe imayendetsa makampani oyendayenda komanso oyendetsa katundu. Kodi ndege zotchuka kwambiri ku Moscow ndi zotani? Mndandanda umatsegulidwa ndi Sheremetyevo. Izi zoterezi zimayesedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri pa ntchito yapamwamba ku Ulaya. Ntchitoyi imaphatikizidwa mu maiko 20. Malo a ndegeyi ali kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa likulu la dziko la Khimki, 11 km kuchokera ku MKAD, 28 km kuchokera ku Moscow. Dzinali linachokera ku malo okhala komwe kunali pafupi ndi nthambi ya sitima ya Savelovsky. Malo oyandikana nawo anali a Count Count Sheremetyev mpaka 1917.

Mu 1953, msewu woyamba unatumizidwa, womwe unakonzedwa mobwerezabwereza. Lero m'lifupi mwake ndi mamita 60, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi mamita 3550. Njira yachiwiri inamangidwa mu 1976. Pambuyo pa kumangidwanso mu 2008, m'lifupi mwake linali mamita 60 ndipo kutalika kwake kunali 3700. Bwalo la ndege linatha kulandira zida zamphamvu monga Dreamer B-787 ndi Airbus-380.

Mu 1959, Khrushchev, yemwe anabwerera kuchokera ku London, anasangalala ndi kukongola kwa Heathrow. Atalowa mu ndege yatsopano ya ndege, mutu unayamba kuyankhula za kufunikira kokonza ndege yoyimilira pamalo ano. Izi zinawonedwa ngati lamulo. Kale mu 1957, ndege ya Sheremetyevo inakhazikitsidwa pano. Mu August, ndege ya TU-134 inali itatengedwa kale kuchokera ku Leningrad. Mu 1960, aerocomplex adalandira kale mayiko. M'zaka za m'ma 1970, pafupifupi anthu okwana miliyoni miliyoni anatumizidwa kuno chaka chilichonse. Ndegeyi inkaonedwa ngati yaikulu kwambiri m'dzikoli. Mu 1985, chiwerengero ichi chafika kale kwa anthu mamiliyoni 3.5 pachaka. Mavutowa ankasinthidwa, kumangidwanso kwatsopano.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2100, adasankha kulumikizana ndi sitima yapamtunda ya sitima ya ku Belarusiya ku bwalo la ndege. Mu 2008, kuchokera ku Savelovsky Station, aeroexpress anakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti apite ku eyapoti mu mphindi 35 zokha. Tsopano Sheremetyevo akukonzekera kupanga CDW yachitatu, yomwe idzachititsa kuti anthu okwana 64 miliyoni azunguke pachaka.

Domodedovo

Poganizira za ndege za ku Moscow, tiyenera kuzindikira chimodzi mwa zazikulu kwambiri - malo oyendetsa ndege ku Domodedovo. Ikuphatikizidwa mu dziko la 20-th potsata ntchito. Malinga ndi wodutsa mumtsinje ku Russia ali patsogolo. Imagwira ntchito 240 ndi makampani 80. Mzindawu uli kum'mwera chakum'mawa, 45 km kuchokera ku likulu ndi 22 km kuchokera ku Moscow Ring Road. Tsiku lobadwa la ndege lija ndi tsiku lomaliza kumangidwanso - April 7, 1962. Kuyambira mu 1963 katundu, makalata, maphunziro oyendetsa ndege akhala akuchokera kuno.

Ndege yoyamba yonyamula ndege inachitika mu 1964 ku Sverdlovsk. Mu 1966, ntchito yodutsa anthu nthawi zonse inakhazikitsidwa. Ndege ya Domodedovo inalandira udindo wake padziko lonse mu 1992. Mu 1997, anthu omwe ankayenda chaka chilichonse anawonjezeka kufika pa 4.5 miliyoni. M'chaka cha 2000, nyumbayi inamangidwanso. Kuchokera mu 2004 mpaka 2008, woyendetsa galimotoyo adakula. Mu 2011 malo oyendetsa ndege ku Domodedovo anadziwika kuti ndi abwino koposa kummawa kwa Ulaya.

Vnukovo

Ndege ya Vnukovo ikuphatikizidwa mu mndandanda wa "Ndege zazikulu kwambiri ku Moscow". Ili pafupi kwambiri ndi mzinda, makilomita 10 kuchokera ku Moscow Ring Road, 28 km kumwera chakumadzulo kuchokera pakati. Phindu lake ndi lakuti lili mamita 205 pamwamba pa nyanja. Izi zimapindulitsa popita mu nyengo yoipa. Mu dzenje ndi zosaoneka bwino, izi zimakhala bwino. Vnukovo ali ndi malo a ndege ya padziko lonse ndipo amapanga kayendetsedwe ka ndege ndi katundu.

Bwalo la ndege likugwira ntchito kuyambira pa nkhondo yachiŵiri yapadziko lonse, magulu akuluakulu a zinyanja za ku Moscow adakhazikitsidwa pano. Pambuyo pa nkhondo, mu 1945, ndege yaikulu yowonongeka inasunthira kuno. Kuchokera m'chaka cha 1976 mpaka 1980, anthu oyendetsa galimoto anali anthu 30 miliyoni. Kale mu 2001 ndegeyi inakhala ndi mayiko onse.

Momwe mungapitire kumeneko

Malo akuluakulu a ndege ku Moscow, omwe maadiresi awo amadziwika kwa anthu onse, ndi ovuta kuyenda nawo kwa okwera ndege. Paulendo, ambiri amakumana ndi nkhawa, mantha a kutha kwa ndege, sitima. Monga momwe tikudziwira, mu likulu lamakono pa nthawi yoperekedwa zambiri zamisewu zimayambitsidwa, momwe mungathe kuyima kwa maola ambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake anthu amapita kukagwira ntchito kumseri. Pansi pa bwalo la ndege lingathe kufika pamphindi.

• Sheremetyevo . Sitima yapamtunda yapafupi ndi "Rechnoy Vokzal". Kuchokera kumeneko ndi shuttle basi. Njira ina ndi sitima ya "Metro" ya "Belorusskaya", sitima za Aeroexpress zochokera ku sitima ya sitima ya Byelorussia zimachoka pa theka la ola limodzi. Pezani maminiti 35.
• Domodedovo. Metro "Domodedovo", kuchokera pa siteshoni pali basi-express. Njira ina - sitima ya pamtunda "Paveletskaya", kuchokera ku Paveletsky station mu ora limodzi ndi mphindi 15 mudzapereka aeroexpress.
• Vnukovo. Metro "Kumadzulo", kenako mabasi ndi mabasiketi. Njira ina ndi sitima ya sitima ya Kiev. Kuchokera kuno kamodzi pa ola amatumizidwa aeroexpress. Panjira inu mudzakhala ola limodzi.