Maluwa knifofiya: kubzala ndi kukonza poyera kumunda, kulima ndi kuswana

Chaka chilichonse mndandanda wa zomera zosowa ndi zachilendo pa mabedi wathu kudzadza. Chinachake chimene sichinali kupezeka chabe a zaka zingapo zapitazo, tsopano mu dongosolo. Bright mawanga pachimake alendo ochokera Africa, Australia, South America, akondwera maganizo ake zochititsa chidwi za ozungulira. Mmodzi wa toyesa kwambiri chidwi - izo knifofiya. Kulima, kubzala ndi kusamalira si ovuta, koma maonekedwe angakhale ulemerero weniweni wa dera ndi yosangalatsa ake. A ambiri hybrids ayipanga zimasiyanasiyana mawonekedwe maluwa, kukula, mtundu, amakulolani kulenga nyimbo chodabwitsa.

M'dera la kukula ndi dzina la

Masiku ano umadziwika knifofiya maluwa (kubzala ndi chisamaliro, kukula - hereinafter), mbewu ndi therere osatha kwa mtundu womwewo ndi subfamily asphodeloideae. Kukula m'dera zachilengedwe - East ndi Kumwera Africa. Pa nthawi iyi mtundu kuli mitundu pafupifupi 75, zomwe zina mwa makamaka zofala mbewu horticultural. Dzina zachilendo likuchokera ku dzina la katswiri German 17. Ioganna Ieronima KNIPHOFIA.

mafotokozedwe kwachilengedwenso

mitundu yonse ndi perennials, ena yobiriwira. Monga ulamuliro, iwo ali wamtali (1.5-2 m), koma pali mitundu otsika. Mbewu yaikulu Knifofiya Thompson, mapesi maluwa kuti kufika msinkhu wa mamita atatu. masamba mbewu ali pamodzi mtengo kwakukulu (kubwereketsa), pakati pa amene alipo ndi maluwa zachilendo ndipo modzionetsera. Wodzichepetsa, koma kwambiri yokongola zimatheka chifukwa chakuti iwo pamodzi inflorescence kukwera, yomwe ili pamwamba kwambiri ya zimayambira wamtali. Knifofiya, kubzala ndi chisamaliro chimene sizitenga nthawi yaitali, zingaoneke amatikumbutsa mawonekedwe a lupine, koma inflorescence zambiri kaso, monga kukupiza.

Knifofiya Berry

Mmodzi mitundu ya mtundu wina dzina lake. Common mu gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa Africa. Kuzungulira dziko, nakulitsa ngati chomera yokongola kuyambira chiyambi cha m'ma 18. Bukuli lili izo anasonyeza ambiri obereketsa wa hybrids. Wamtali zomera, ndi 1.2 mamita mu msinkhu ndi amphamvu chikasu kulocha pomwepo kenaka. Masamba lanceolate, imodzi pa m'mbali, imvi wobiriwira. Red maluwa maluwa akhoza kupita achikasu, carmine mtundu. Berry knifofiya, kubzala ndi chisamaliro kutchire kwa chisomo yosavuta siteshoni iliyonse. Pafupifupi hybrids zonse zichokera ofotokoza yodziwika ndi kukula mkulu (kwa 1.5 mamita mu msinkhu) ndi kusinthasintha wabwino. Makamaka wotchuka ndi mitundu monga:

• Dr Kerr - mita ali wamphamvu kukwera inflorescence ndi masentimita 20, ndimu-chikasu (onani chithunzi). Kutalika kwa maluwa - masiku 60. (m'ma chilimwe).
• Orange Kukongola - wosakanizidwa ndi makhalidwe ofanana, mtundu wa maluwa owala lalanje.
• Moto lawi - nthawi yomweyo wa maluwa zimayambira mita, koma pang'ono zoposa inflorescence (25 cm) ndipo ali ndi wofiira yofiira hue.

Location pa malowo ndi nthaka

Ambiri mwa zomera zosowa mu minda yathu poyamba naye ku mayiko ndi nyengo yotentha. Nazonso ndi knifofiya. Kubzala ndi kusamalira mu zakutchire kumbuyo mu nkhani iyi tikhale ndi makhalidwe awo. Ndi bwino woyamba wa zigawo zonse kumwera yotentha ndi waufupi, kotentha. The mkati mwa dera la kumpoto, m'pamenenso adzakhala ndondomeko kukula. Mu gulu pakati Mwachitsanzo, Mwina wa chisanu m'nthaka ndi laling'ono kwambiri.

Mulimonsemo, kusankha zomera lotsegula, malo dzuwa m'dera limene palibe drafts ozizira. Iwo mwamtheradi sangakhoze kuima otsika, patsogolo chinyontho ndi dampness. Choncho, michere nthaka chofunika, ndi mpweya wabwino ndi permeability chinyezi.

kukula mbande

Kuti kukula chomera okhwima kwa mbewu, akatswiri kulengeza ntchito nkhani kugula kubzala. Ichi ndi chifukwa zifukwa zingapo. Knifofiya, kubzala ndi kusamalira kutchire kwa lophweka, koma ndi zomera kum'mwera, ndipo mu zone pakati zinthu mbewu alibe nthawi kuti zipse. Komabe, ngati tingayerekezere kuti maluwa nayo nthawi kusonkhanitsa mabuku ku hybrids - wogwiritsira ntchito kanthu. Mu m'badwo wachiwiri, iwo makhalidwe akuwaza ndipo alibe katundu kunja kwa Mwachitsanzo kholo.

Kufesa mbewu ikuchitika mochedwa March-oyambirira April mu chidebe osaya ndi lotayirira ndi kuwala gawo lapansi. usadzandiike m'manda zosowa zawo, monga kufalitsa padziko lonyowa nthaka ndi kuwaza pang'ono. Pamwamba pa filimu ndi kuika mu malo otentha ndi bwino anayatsa. Mbande zimakhala pambuyo masabata 2-3. Mbande ayenera pang'onopang'ono anazolowera zinthu m'nyumba, kutsegula filimu. Mwamsanga pamene masamba atatu woona, ayenera kuyenda pansi pa madzi mu miphika payekha.

Kubereka ndi kugawa chitsamba

Njira zoyenera za kuswana zomera chapakati Russia. Monga tanenera kale, mbewu ndiribe nthawi kuti zipse, koma mphamvu chitsamba kuzindikira maluwa awo chaka chotsatira. deadlines mulingo woyenera kumapeto April-oyambirira May. chitsamba akuchikazi kukumba ndi Mpeni kuti asiyanitse mwake mwana, kupangidwa mu axils masamba m'munsi. Odulidwa zingakhale pang'ono youma ndi kuwaza ndi makala. Patapita maola angapo chitani chodzala malo okhazikika.

Knifofiya: kubzala ndi kukonza kutchire

Frost mu knifofii ofooka, choncho kusamalira zomera, malingana zone nyengo imene wakula adzakhala yosiyaniranapo. Thirani nthaka ikuchitika pokhapokha angapewe kuopseza frosts adzabweranso.

nthaka choyamba kofunika kukumba, ngati n'koyenera, kupanga manyowa wabwino ndi kupanga ngalande. Kuya kwa dzenje zimadalira kukula kwa mbewu. Mulimonsemo, ayenera lembani lachonde madzi ndiyeno anabzala mbewu wamng'ono. Poyamba tiyenera pritenyat, pang'onopang'ono accustom kwa dzuwa. Mtunda pakati pa zomera kusiya 30-40 masentimita, maluwa limapezeka mu chaka chamawa mutabzala.

Ngati mukufuna chidwi kwambiri komanso pa yomweyo wodzichepetsa mbewu m'munda wanu, ndiye icho knifofiya. Kubzala ndi kusamalira maluwa pulayimale yosavuta. Kwa nyengo kukula n'kofunika kusamalira mbali zitatu.

Poyamba, zonse ndiponso wodzaza madzi. M'pofunika masamba zokoma ndi maluwa zambiri, ndi bwino kugwiritsa mu m'maŵa. Mu yomweyi, awiri amathera feteleza feteleza naye. Ntchito yoyamba ya mankhwala ndi asafe ayenera kutenga malo mwamsanga pamene masamba masika kuonekera. The chachiwiri - pambuyo maluwa, ntchito feteleza potashi ndi Mwachitsanzo, phulusa.

Kachiwiri, Kupalira, kupalira komanso mulching nthaka. Zamkatimu okolotsvetochnogo danga kuti osati kusintha aesthetics, komanso zothandiza zomera lokha.

Pomaliza, ndi pogona kwa dzinja. M'chigawo chakumwera, si koyenera, koma popeza mkulu bandiwifi n'kofunika. The zomera ndi masamba obiriwira, kotero Mulimonsemo sikutheka kudula masamba, iwo mwaukhondo apangidwe, kupinda pansi. Apo ayi, chaka chamawa knifofiya, ndithudi, adzakhala ndi moyo, koma n'zokayikitsa pachimake, womwe mwachangu kumanga ambiri obiriwira. Gwiritsani ntchito malo ogona peat zinyalala ndi nthambi coniferous spruce, ndi pamwamba pa chuma chapadera, osati leaky.

Panthawi yake ndiponso moyenera kusamalira knifofiey imakupatsani zomera ndi umakhala zachilendo ndipo modabwitsa wokongola. Flower mofanana bwino amaoneka ngati landings limodzi (kuwaika kwambiri) ndi gulu - mozungulira malo, osokonezeka mu mabedi maluwa. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa bouquets odulidwa maluwa.