Mankhwala Antileukotriene m'badwo watsopano: mndandanda wa bwino

mankhwala Antileukotriene kuimira latsopano kalasi ya nthumwi kuti kuchepetsa njira yotupa kuti matupi awo sagwirizana kapena matenda etiology.

Pofuna kumvetsa mfundo ya zochita za mankhwala, m'pofunika kumvetsa zimene ali leukotrienes.

leukotrienes

Iwo ali nkhoswe ya kutupa. Malinga ndi kapangidwe awo mankhwala, ali zidulo mafuta, amene anapanga asidi arachidonic.

Leukotrienes zimakhudzidwa chitukuko cha mphumu. Komanso histamine, ali nkhoswe ya thupi lawo siligwirizana a mtundu mwamsanga. Histamine zingachititse mofulumira koma yochepa bronchospasm ndi leukotrienes chifukwa mochedwa ndi wautali kuphipha.

Monga mankhwala wachinsinsi antileukotriene?

Panopa leukotrienes anawagawira motere: A _4, B _4, C _4, D _4, E _4.

Kaphatikizidwe leukotrienes anachokera ku asidi arachidonic. Ndi mchikakamizo cha 5-lipoxygenase anapeza kuti leukotriene A _4. Pambuyo kuti pali kugwa anachita, zomwe zinachititsa zotsatirazi mawonekedwe leukotrienes B ₄ -C ₄ -D ₄ -E _4. Chomaliza mankhwala a linachepa - LTE _4.

Kukhazikika kuti LTE _4, D _4, E ₄ zingachititse bronchoconstrictor tingati kuchuluka kwa ntchofu katulutsidwe zimachititsa kuti pakhale edema, ziletsa mucociliary chilolezo.

B _4, D _4, E ₄ ndi ntchito chemotactic, i.e. angakopeke neutrophils ndi eosinophils mu yotupa zone ndondomeko.

Asayansi asonyeza kuti leukotrienes amapangidwa ndi macrophages, maselo Posakhalitsa, eosinophils, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, omwe amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana yotupa. mankhwala Antileukotriene mu mphumu kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pambuyo maselo amakhudzana ndi allergen ndi kuzirala zinachitika Airways kapena pambuyo zofuna kukhetsa thukuta, adamulowetsa LT kaphatikizidwe. Kuti, kaphatikizidwe ndi limayamba pamene osmolarity wa bronchial ukuwonjezeka okhutira.

magulu anayi wa mankhwala

Tsopano amadziwika magulu onse anayi antileukotriene mankhwala:

1. "Zileuton", umene ndi woletsa mwachindunji 5-lipoxygenase.
2. Formulations amene ali zoletsa floppy, kuchenjeza ndondomeko ya kumanga mapuloteni ndi asidi arachidonic.
3. "Zafirlukast", "Pobilukast", "Montelukast", "pranlukast", "verlukast" amene ali muzikangana ya maselo leukotriene sulfidopeptidnyh.
4. Mankhwala amene muzikangana wa leukotriene B ₄ cholandilira.

Kwambiri kuphunzira ndi mankhwala antileukotriene a gulu loyamba ndi gulu lachitatu la ndalama. Taganizirani magulu zimenezi mwatsatanetsatane.

"Zileuton"

"Zileuton" ndi woletsa kusintha 5-lipoxygenase. Iwo akhoza ziletsa mapangidwe sulfidopeptidnyh The LT ndi RT _4. Mankhwala zingakhudze mmene bronchodilator chosatha maola asanu. Komanso akhoza kuteteza zosayembekezereka wa kuphipha bronchial, yomwe ndi chotsatira kukhudzana ndi mpweya wozizira kapena "ndi aspirin".

Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana kutsimikizira kuti "Zileuton" anatumizidwa odwala matenda a mphumu bronchial mwezi umodzi kapena isanu ndi umodzi, akhoza kuchepetsa kufunika wodwalayo Mpweya β2-agonists ndi corticosteroids. A umodzi mlingo "zileuton" limatichenjeza zosayembekezereka wa sneezing ndi kufupika kupuma amphuno odwala amene amadwala matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis pambuyo makonzedwe m'mphuno a allergen.

Zisanu ndi sabata mankhwala ndi "zileuton" atopic mphumu anasonyeza chifukwa kwambiri. Madokotala amanena apamwamba kutsitsa eosinophils ndi neutrophils. Ndiponso, utachepa chotupa necrosis imayambitsa madzi bronchoalveolar lavage pambuyo allergen mtundu mayeso. Chimenecho ndiye antileukotriene mankhwala wapadera, limagwirira kanthu zachokera pa izi.

"Zileuton" amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa, imene pali ake theka moyo. Zimenezi zikusonyeza kuti mankhwala ayenera kumwedwa kawirikawiri zokwanira kanayi pa tsiku. Komanso, "Zileuton" angathe kuchepetsa chilolezo cha theophylline. Izo ziyenera kuonedwa ngati amaganiza kufanana kolandira theophylline ndi "zileuton". Ndiko kuti, mlingo woyamba kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Ngati "Zileuton" akapatsidwa nthawi yaitali, m'pofunika kuti aziona mlingo wa michere chiwindi.

Koma pali antileukotriene mbadwo watsopano wa mankhwala, mndandanda awo pansipa.

M'tengo amene ali muzikangana wa leukotrienes sulfidopeptidnyh, mpikisano amapatsa kusankha kusintha blockers LT D ₄ zolandilira. mankhwala amenewa ndi monga "pranlukast" "Zafirlukast", "Montelukast."

"Akolat" ( "Zafirlukast")

"Zafirlukast" Aka "Akolat" ndiyo kuphunzira za gulu ili la zinthu mankhwala antileukotriene. Ndi yogwira bronchodilator lathu. Zotsatira kumatenga ndithu nthawi yaitali, maola asanu. "Zafirlukast" ndondomeko akhoza kuteteza chitukuko cha mphumu anachita pa nkhani ya allergen inhalation. nchito zake zatsimikiziridwa ndiponso kuteteza bronchial kuphipha, amene chikwiyire ndi mpweya ozizira, aspirin zolimbitsa thupi, zoipitsa. Yogwira mankhwala, ndi kukonzekera "Montelukast" wokhoza kumapangitsanso bronchodilator ntchito β2-agonists.

"Akolat" ( "Zafirlukast") ndi absorbability wabwino, pachimake ndende zake magazi zimatheka pambuyo maola atatu pambuyo yoyang'anira. theka moyo wake nthawi pang'ono yaitali kuposa "zileuton", ndipo ndi maola 10. Komanso, alibe zotsatira pa chilolezo cha theophylline. Landirani yogwira mankhwala ayenera kukhala kaya ola pamaso chakudya kapena maola awiri pambuyo pake, kuyambira chakudya ndithu kuchepetsa mayamwidwe mphamvu. Zikutanthauza analekerera bwino.

Pomaliza

mankhwala Antileukotriene kwa chifuwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ana, koma osati akamafika zaka ziwiri. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala amenewa ana ankachitira ndi matenda kobwereza, matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis, mphumu wofatsa.