Mankwala a shuga: zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, matenda, mankhwala

Masiku ano pafupifupi makolo onse amadziwa matenda, monga rickets. Pa kufunika kupewa matenda chindiletsa dokotala mwana aliyense mu miyezi ya moyo wamwanayo. Rickets amatanthauza matenda anapeza osauka chifukwa cholecalciferol osakwanira - mankhwala odziwika monga vitamini D.

Komabe, zina mwa ana aang'ono ndi zizindikiro za matenda, ngakhale kutsatira njira zodzitetezera. Zikatero ayenera amaganiziridwa matenda monga matenda a shuga mankwala. Mosiyana rickets, matenda ikugwilizirana pathologies chibadwa. Choncho, matenda aakulu kwambiri ndipo amafuna yaitali chithandizo zovuta.

ndi matenda a shuga mankwala chiyani?

Choncho ndi gulu la matenda majini kugwirizana ndi kagayidwe mkhutu mchere. Mu kudwala china chotchedwa vitamini D zosagwira rickets. Lalikulu mtundu wa matenda a shuga mankwala amapezeka pafupifupi 1 mwana wa ana 20,000 ongobadwa kumene. matenda anafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1937. Patapita kuti pali njira zina za kuvutika chibadwa. Nthawi zambiri, mankwala shuga ndi wapezeka ana aang'ono. Chimakopa chidwi cha makolo gait chisokonezo ndi kupotoza fupa.

Mitundu ina ya matenda ali limodzi ndi matenda ena kagayidwe kachakudya. Nthawi zina matenda ndi asymptomatic ndipo akhoza kudziwa zimenezo ndi mayesero zasayansi. matenda zimagawidwa ndi rickets yotengedwa, hypoparathyroidism ndi kuvutika ena endocrine. Chithandizo ayenera Integrated ali aang'ono.

The zimayambitsa matenda

Wochititsa shuga mankwala ndi kuswa mu dongosolo chibadwa. Masinthidwe ndi akatengela apabanja. Onyamula jini nthenda akhoza kukhala amuna ndi akazi. The kusintha akupezeka X-khromozomu zogwirizana, lomwe ndi lalikulu. Nthawi zina, shuga mankwala tikufuna. Iye akufotokozera mu zotupa za mesenchymal minofu, aumbike mwa utero. Mu kudwala uyu akutchedwa "oncogenic rickets."

Disease amatanthauza gulu tubulopathy - matenda a impso. Chifukwa mchere yafupika reabsorption mu tubule proximal, kukhala kuperewera kwa phosphorous mu thupi. Komanso, kusokoneza kuthekera matumbo suction. Chifukwa, pali kusintha mu mchere zikuchokera minofu fupa. Pali zambiri kuphwanya osteoblast ntchito. Amuna pochitika pathologically asintha jini aakazi, ndi akazi - ana a amuna ndi akazi. Monga ulamuliro, ovuta kwambiri matenda anyamata kuposa atsikana.

Gulu la mankwala shuga ana

Pali mitundu ingapo ya matenda, zimasiyanasiyana i majini ndi matenda. Ambiri matenda X-zogwirizana hypophosphatemic rickets, amene ali chitsanzo lalikulu la cholowa. Komabe, pali mitundu ina kudwala. Gawo chikuphatikizapo mawonekedwe zotsatirazi matendawa:

1. X-zogwirizana lalikulu mtundu wa phosphate shuga. Iwo amakhala ndi kusintha PHEX jini, amene encodes ndi endopeptidase. enzyme Izi ndi amene mayendedwe a mchere zosiyanasiyana mwa impso ndi njira matumbo ion. Chifukwa ichi jini kusintha ndondomeko kubweza pansi, kuti pakhale kulephera ndi ayoni mankwala mu thupi.
2. X-zogwirizana recessive. Yodziwika CLCN5 masinthidwe a losokonekera kuti encodes mapuloteni amachititsa ntchito njira chlorine ion. Chifukwa cha chilema akusokoneza mayendedwe zinthu kudzera nembanemba wa tubules ndi aimpso. Onyamula mtundu wa kudwala angathe kukhala amuna ndi akazi. Komabe, matenda kumachitika kokha anyamata.
3. Autosomal chitsanzo lalikulu la shuga mankwala. Iwo amagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa maselo a khromozomu 12. Chifukwa osteoblasts pathological chilemacho akutali mapuloteni omwe amalimbikitsa kumatheka mankwala kuchotsa thupi. kudwala The amakhala ndi ndi wofatsa, monga kuyenera kwa X-zogwirizana mawonekedwe.
4. Autosomal recessive. Osowa. Yodziwika DMP1 zosalongosoka jini lili khromozomu 4. Iwo encodes mapuloteni kuti ndi udindo chitukuko cha fupa ndi dentin.
5. Autosomal recessive, limodzi ndi kutuluka kwa kashiamu mu mkodzo. Ukapezeka chifukwa chilema jini ili khromozomu 9 ndi kuyang'anira mitsinje ndi sodium amadalira aimpso.

Kuwonjezera mitundu imeneyi ya shuga mankwala, pali mitundu ina ya kudwala. Ena mitundu ya matendawa osati afufuza mpaka tsopano.

Kusiyana pakati rickets ndi shuga mankwala

Rickets ndi shuga mankwala ana - ichi ndithu chinthu chomwecho, ngakhale chithunzi matenda a matenda ndi pafupifupi ofanana. Kusiyana pathologies amenewa etiology ndi limagwirira ntchito za chitukuko. Wamba rickets - izo anapeza matenda kugwirizana ndi kupanda cholecalciferol. mankhwala amapangidwa pakhungu mchikakamizo cha dzuwa. Yodziwira mlingo wa vitamini D wapangidwa kutenga tsiku ndi tsiku kuti ana onse kuyambira mwezi 1 mpaka zaka 3, kupatulapo chilimwe. Chifukwa kulephera kwa cholecalciferol kusokonezedwa kashiamu ndondomeko mayamwidwe. Chifukwa cha osauka fupa mapindikidwe.

Mosiyana ndi shuga ndi mankwala ndi kuti liwu'li likuyimira za matenda obadwa nawo. Pamene kudwala izi kusokonezedwa mayamwidwe mchere mu impso ndi, makamaka - ndi phosphates. Nthawi zina, pali kashiamu akusowa. Chifukwa kuyan'anila za mchere zikuchokera pathologies fupa minofu ngati zizindikiro. Kusiyana pakati pa iwo akhoza udzakhazikitsidwa pokhapokha matenda zasayansi.

rickets Hypophosphatemic makanda: zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za matenda zambiri matenda chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Nthawi zina, pali hypophosphatemic rickets makanda. Zizindikiro kuti akhoza matenda kutangoyamba - ndi akulu hypotonia ndi nthambi kufupikitsa. Waukulu matenda mawonetseredwe ndi:

1. Mapindikidwe zimfundo ndi mwendo.
2. O-zooneka kupindika malekezero m'munsi.
3. Growth retardation ana - amakhala noticeable pambuyo 1 chaka.
4. Thickening wa dzanja ndi nthiti chichereŵechereŵe - "zibangili rachitic ndi mikanda."
5. Kupweteka mafupa a mafupa a chiuno ndi msana.
6. Kuwonongeka kwa dzino enamel.

Nthawi zambiri amadandaula waukulu wa makolo ndi kuti miyendo mwanayo ali ndichotse. Ndi kupitirira kwa matenda pali olimbikitsa mafupa - osteomalacia.

Matenda a shuga phosphate ndi rickets

Kudziwa kuvutika, anachita kafukufuku wa zikuchokera amuzolengedwa magazi. Iwo amatchuka hypophosphatemia. mlingo wa kashiamu nthawi zambiri wabwinobwino, nthawizina - utachepa. Kutalika kwa rickets pali ponso a phosphatase zamchere. Pamene X-ray anaulula kufooka kwa mafupa ndi kukula fupa zone kuphwanya. Mu mkodzo anasonyeza wambirimbiri phosphates. Nthawi zina pali mkodzo calcium.

Chithandizo cha rickets ndi mankwala a shuga

Zochizira matenda a shuga mankwala ntchito mlingo waukulu wa cholecalciferol. Nthawi zina, asonyeza zowonjezera calcium. Gwiritsirani ntchito mankhwala amene muli phosphorous. Kusintha mkhalidwe wa zowonjezera Kwalamulidwa vitamini ndi mchere. Zikuphatikizapo "Vitrum" mankhwala "Duovit", "Zilembo" ndi zina zotero D..

Pamene asonyeza curvatures mafupa wasonyeza physiotherapy mankhwala thupi ndi opaleshoni. Ayenera kuonana ndi podiatrist.

zodzitetezera ndi Zoneneratu

Kupewa miyeso monga chiphasochi dokotala ndi dokotala, kuyenda mu mpweya wabwino, poika vitamini D kwa mwezi woyamba wa moyo. Ngati banja ndi wodwala mankwala a shuga ayenera kukayezetsa kukayezetsa maselo a utero mwana wosabadwayo. Kuneneratu makamaka yabwino ndi chithandizo yake.