Mapangidwe mpesa. Njira kupanga mpesa

Aliyense ankakonda mphesa - mpesa, mbewu mtengo osatha. Mu chikhalidwe, kumene thandizo, mpesa ndipamene ya akulankhula mokalipa, atachuluka masamba ndi zambiri masamba. Man amakulitsa chikhalidwe chifukwa cha zokoma, yowutsa mudyo ndi onunkhira zipatso.

Mphesa mwakula chitsamba, zingwe mphukira kwa trellis lapansi. Osankhidwa kupanga dongosolo anakhalabe, nadula nthambi zosafunika pachaka. Ngati chitsamba si kupanga, zakudya zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa kukula kwa mphukira. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mbali ya inflorescence kufota, ndi onse a masango ndi zosalongosoka kusintha. Komabe, yokonza ndi kupanga mpesa kugwirizana ndi kudzetsa mabala omwe kawirikawiri sindimachiritsa. Choncho, njirayi ayenera idzachitika mwaluso, popanda kuchititsa kuwononga kwambiri kwa mbewu.

Kusankha mmera

Novice nyakulima ayenera kudziwa kuti mbande mphesa mfundo zina: kutalika kwa chidendene pamwamba yothawira ayenera kukhala osachepera makumi asanu masentimita; mtundu - kuwala zofiirira; ayenera kukhala ndi masamba anayi kapena asanu kukhwima; kutalika kwa mmera wa (popanda akuthawira) - fifitini - masentimita makumi awiri ndi awiri a - zosachepera millimeters asanu. Komanso, sayenera zouma kapena owonongeka zosavomerezeka necrotic mawanga ndi zophuka. Mizu ayenera kukhala osachepera atatu, ndipo iwo ayenera udzakhazikitsidwe pa mbali zosiyana.

Kusankha mawonekedwe bwino

Iwo amafunika zingapo:

• kutsatira zimene zinkachitika m'deralo nyengo ndi makhalidwe a mitundu anasankha mphesa;
• kupereka mkulu zokolola;
• kutetezedwa chitsamba chilichonse ndi zokolola ku kusinthasintha kutentha;
• zimapereka mwai nthawi zonse rejuvenate, kuti chepetsa thengo.

mitundu yonse anawagawa mitundu isanu:

• cupped;
• capitate;
• zimakupiza;
• loyamba- ndi awiri amaganiza;
• poluveernye;
• cordon.

Kusankha mawonekedwe zimadalira malo chitsamba osauka pa kalasi ake.

fineness Amafuna

Mphesa sindimakonda oyandikana ndi popula, mtedza ndi mitundu ina kuti ndi amphamvu ndi bwino anayamba mizu. Koma si yogwirizana ndi tchire ndi jamu currant, komanso strawberries. Akatswiri kudzala mphesa pansi ya parsley, amene amateteza izo kuchokera kugonjetsedwa phylloxera.

Timayamba kupanga chitsamba: chaka choyamba

Pakuti chabwino kukula mpesa makamaka chaka choyamba cha kubzala n'kofunika. Ntchito yaikulu ya munda wa - pa chilimwe kukula mphukira amphamvu ndi olimba. Pambuyo masamba pachimake ndipo iwo adzakhala mphukira, mungathe kuyamba mapangidwe mpesa. M'chaka choyamba - nthawi iyi, pamene mphukira achinyamata kuti abwere ku muzu, kudula kapena umayamba. Iwo amati kokha wamphamvu kwambiri. Kenako iye isanduke yaitali kuthawa (malaya), amene adzakhala kosavuta kubisa kwa dzinja pambuyo mbewu kugwa. Kodi kuyikapo mutu wake chitsamba, izo mogwirizana ku manja umene Ndithudi, ati apange chitsamba.

Anapulumutsa kukhala ndi trellis. Kuyamba, agwirizane ndi msomali umene zomangira otrostochek. Nthawi pa mtunda wa 1 mita kuchokera pansi pamodzi kutalika lonse wachichepere mpesa laterals sadza, anawasiya 1-2 tsamba.

mitundu formirovki

Kuonjezera zokolola za m'tchire, Apatsidwe mawonekedwe yakuti zakudya zonse kubwera wogawana nthambi zonse za mbewu. Njira kupanga mpesa, pali zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, Kutacha chetyrehrukavnaya ndi dongosolo zimakupiza kwa chophimba cha mphesa. Pamene osati kumawonjezera zokolola, komanso bwino zonse dongosolo muzu anakhalabe ndi masamba. Chitsamba amapeza nyonga. Komanso, ndondomeko Iyamba kucha zipatso. Gwirizanani, n'kofunika kwambiri.

Mapangidwe mpesa pa dera zimakupiza mwamsanga. fomu iyi ndi zosavuta kusamalira, koma pali zovuta kwambiri. The kwambiri a iwo - poponya ndalama mkulu ntchito pokonzekera ndi malo ogona yozizira mphesa. Ambiri besshtambovuyu zimakupiza formirovke ntchito kuphimba pang'ono, popanda kuchotsa ku mpesa trellis mkulu ridging.

Aliyense wodzala angasankhe bwanji kuchita mapangidwe mpesa, ku zikhalidwe za m'dera yake. mawonekedwe chimadaliranso zimene zosiyanasiyana inu kukula - chophimba, chophimba kapena ayi poluukryvnoy.

cordon Ndimapanga

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, njira imeneyi m'pamene ofala. Mbali Aika - pamaso pa mikono chimodzi kapena ziwiri zomwe zambiri anakonza vertically, horizontally kapena ngakhale obliquely. Iwo ali limasonyeza zipatso. Pakuti mitundu mkulu-ololera analimbikitsa chabe mapangidwe ngati wa mpesa. The cordon yopingasa analenga motere.

Mu mbewu chaka choyamba wamkulu wina, pazipita awiri zanthete. M'chaka chachiwiri chimene aumbike mwa mmodzi kapena awiri kukula pa mbali ya cordon lapansi. kutalika zimadalira kukula kwa mphukira. Yaitali ali, motalikira amene akhoza kupangidwa cordons. Kamodzi pa nthambi kuwombera kunja masamba ndi mwamsanga kuyamba kukula mphukira, iwo ayenera thinned kunja, kusiya kokha vegetative (makumi atatu - masentimita makumi Chrixitu). M'dzinja mphukira achinyamata tadulidwa, kusiya mabowo oposa atatu.

Pa nthawi yomweyo Komabe, mapangidwe mpesa sikuthetsa kumeneko. Mu zaka lachitatu ndi wotsatira mfundo kumanzere kuoneka achinyamata zipatso mayunitsi kuti zigwirizana truncated mfundo M'MALO ndi zipatso mivi. Mapangidwe mpesa njira cordon amachitidwa pa trellis choimirira. Poyamba, akhoza m'malo ndi zitalizitali matabwa.

Inapita mapangidwe mpesa

Vine osiyana zomera zina zipatso mofulumira isanayambike fruiting. Nthawi zambiri, pambuyo chaka apatsa kukolola koyamba. Mbali imeneyi angagwiritsidwe ntchito fruiting oyambirira zambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, muyenera mmera amphamvu shkolke, limene anabzala mu malo okhazikika.

Choncho, tiyenera kukula kwa mphukira awiri kapena anayi. Chakumapeto May, makulidwe awo ayenera kukhala osachepera millimeters zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kumayambiriro June, kusiya mphukira, ndi mphukira tadulidwa. Pa nthawi imeneyi, nthambi achinyamata kale mapepala awiri. Pambuyo mphukira coining umangidwa mu malo mwachibadwa, kufalitsa iwo padera ndi kukonza pa trellis a. Patapita mlungu umodzi, iwo amaoneka Pasynkova njira. Muzisiyira pamwamba awiri. Iwo kumanga vertically. The suckers otsala tadulidwa. Cholinga chachikulu cha njira imeneyi - kukula mochuluka momwe mipesa zotheka amphamvu mu chaka choyamba. Mphesa ayenera nthawi zonse ndi zochuluka madzi, anadyetsa ndi feteleza ndi mankhwala.

Chaka chotsatira, malingana ndi mphamvu ya chitsamba wamng'ono, anasiya bwino mphukira kolichnstvo (kuti zimamuchulukira). The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za kukolola koyamba. Kusiya mmodzi kapena awiri masango "pa mayesero." Ndizo zonse.

Mapangidwe mpesa m'chaka

winegrowers odziwa kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale ndi mukusongokera mipesa wamng'ono ikuchitika yekha m'chaka. Mu zaka wotsatira, ntchito zabwino kuchita mu kugwa, pamaso pa zomera pogona.

Ndi isanayambike kutentha woyamba akuyamba mphesa mofulumira ndi kukhala. Nthawi zambiri kudzutsa matalala malo masamba kukula mphukira zatsopano kuti osafunika - iwo okha unakhuthala chitsamba. Wopeza amaoneka zichotsedwa pambuyo tsamba koyamba pa iwo. Vine kwambiri lengthened. Nthawi kusasitsa chawo chinakula, napempha nkhuyu ndi kuthamangitsa zanthete.

mphukira garter

Kuyambira mipesa womangidwa chaka chatha mu malo yopingasa, mphukira masika kuonekera. Iwo ayenera kumanga kwa trellis molunjikitsa. Pang'onopang'ono mphukira ndi mphesa.

chitsamba chilichonse Mumakonda

mipesa Young kuoneka inflorescences. Malinga zosiyanasiyana, chiwerengero angakhale osiyana. Pakuti chitsamba wamng'ono ndi oopsa, amene ndi apamwamba lochuluka. mphamvu zake zonse apatsa kwa kusasitsa wa zipatso, kotero kwambiri wofooka chifukwa alibe nthawi okhwima masamba ndi mphesa. Choncho, chaka chamawa yokolola adzakhala wosauka, ndi chitsamba chidzakula bwino. Kodi inflorescence tchuthi pa chitsamba? Yankho lenileni ndi malangizo inu makalata sadzatero. chidziwitso chotere chimakhalapo ndi zinachitikira. Chinthu chachikulu - kutsatira golide ulamuliro: tchire wamng'ono mbewu kutsegula. Chirichonse ndi nthawi yake.

kuthamangitsa mipesa

Ndondomeko imeneyi idzachitika m'chaka. Zosadzira mitengo kuchotsa gawo chapamwamba cha mpesa, kufikira masamba bwino anayamba, mphesa kumene awiri pafupi ndi awiri a mbali yaikulu.

Mphesa ngati dziko lathu, akulu ndi ana omwe. Kupeza yokolola zipatso onunkhira, kuphunzira mmene bwino kusamalira tchire wamng'ono.