Mark konkire pa maziko a nyumba payekha. Kodi mtundu wa simenti ndi zofunika maziko

Konkire ndi masiku chuma nyumba mphamvu kupikisana ndi mwala achilengedwe. ntchito yake yapamwamba anaonetsetsa kuti kutchuka kupanga mitundu yonse ya ntchito yomanga, kuphatikizapo ntchito yomanga maziko. Ngati zovekera kuwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito doko maziko, ndiye nyumba okhazikika chofunika khalidwe tepi kapena mulu maziko, makhalidwe amene amadalira mwachindunji pa chisankho cha khalidwe konkire, aluso kusanganikirana ndi ndodo kuwasankha.

M'nkhaniyi tiona zimene konkire ntchito maziko.

zikuchokera osakaniza

Gawo awiri akhoza kuwasiyanitsa mu konkire Kusakaniza:

• Fractional filler (mchenga, mwala kapena miyala) - "mphamvu" mfundo kulandira akatundu onse. Buku kachigawo mu kapangidwe - 80%.
• Binder, analandira kufunsa simenti kusakaniza ndi madzi. Buku kachigawo mu kapangidwe - mpaka 30%.

The chiŵerengero cha zinthu izi mu konkire Kusakaniza angakhale osiyana, malingana ndi mtundu wa simenti, filler chinyezi, pamaso zina. Maziko - chotengera mbali ya nyumba, kotero muyenera kusankha bwino konkire Kusakaniza kupereka kukana kuti katundu kapangidwe. Konkire ntchito psinjika chabwino chimene chimathandiza maziko bwinobwino kupirira mavuto kapangidwe nthaka. Kulimbikitsa khola ntchito maziko, ndipo amapereka mphamvu malangizo yopingasa pa kusuntha kwa nthaka.

Kusankha konkire maziko chimadalira pa ndondomeko ya nyumbayi kuti inaimika. Pali zinthu zosiyana maziko, imbaenda ntchito mchitidwe osiyanasiyana sukulu konkire.

Kuti tiyankhe funsoli, zomwe kalasi konkire pa maziko a nyumba payekha ali abwino, taganizirani mitundu zofunika kwambiri.

Konkire mtundu M100

Amatanthauza opepuka konkire ali zili otsika simenti. The ntchito yaikulu ndi mayendedwe kukonzekera ntchito yomanga, pamene kuthira kukonzekera konkire. M100 ndi mtengo koma tingachidziwe mphamvu kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito nyumba theka-okhazikika, monga mipanda, chimango nyumba, nkhokwe.

Konkire mtundu M150

Malinga ndi makhalidwe ake, izi kalasi konkire si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera M100. The ntchito yaikulu - kukonzekera ntchito yomanga. Kuyambira M150 konkire akhoza adzakhetsedwa kokha kuwala Mzere maziko a nyumba imodzi-storey ndi mtengo kuwala kapena mmagawo dzenje, mosungira ndi limatifotokozera. kalasi iyi konkire pa maziko a nyumba kwatokha, ndi chovomerezeka ngati pamiyala adzachita monga maziko odalirika. Yolimbitsira maziko n'zosatheka chifukwa cha ngozi ya pansi, mwinamwake chofunika ntchito kumatira (madzi mphira).

Konkire mtundu M200

mwala ndi kale mphamvu ndipo kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito yomanga otsika-nyamuka (mpaka storeys awiri) nyumba ndi matabwa matabwa kapena zitsulo. M200 mtundu konkire angathe kupanga mankhwala konkire, monga milu kapena slabs pansi. Ntchito yaikulu yomanga nyumba - kuthira maziko pansi nyumba chimango-gululi. nthaka amaloledwa yekha mchenga ndi tebulo madzi ayenera sadzaukitsidwa kwa msinkhu wa yozizira koopsa, motero m'pofunika kuganizira yofanana nyengo.

Konkire mtundu M250 ndipo M300

pafupifupi - simenti okhutira. Ntchito M250 TH kalasi konkire pa maziko a nyumba (kwa kudzaza) mpaka Pansi atatu. Mark M300 - kwambiri cholimba simenti, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa maziko a nyumba ndi apansi mpaka zisanu. Malinga ndi zizindikiro nyumba konkire mtundu M300 analola kuti amangire slabs monolithic. Izo ntchito pamene kuthira mabeseni. Konkire zizindikiro deta angagwiritsidwe ntchito mu kusinthika kwa maziko pa dothi la mchenga, komanso pa nthaka ya miyala kapena kum'pondereza thanthwe mlingo ndi mkulu pansi.

Konkire mtundu M350

Mmodzi wa zopangidwa wotchuka kwambiri yomanga ndi simenti. Kwambiri kuposa M300 osati mphamvu, komanso chisanu. Yodziwika ndi moyo utumiki yaitali ananena.

Oyenera yomanga nyumba Mipikisano storey, ntchito yomanga mtima, simenti, ndi nyumba zina zofunika. Ndi kumanga maziko konkire mtundu M350 amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito kwa limodzi-storey kukhala nyumba ya njerwa. Oyenera dothi lolimba dongo ndipo malo okwezeka pansi msinkhu. Loam ndi dongo dothi - ambiri. Yozizira, umachuluka dongo mu Volume, tingayambe mapindikidwe wa maziko mwambo molakwa anasankha kalasi konkire.

Konkire mtundu M400

mtundu uwu ali kwambiri mkulu mphamvu makhalidwe chifukwa zili mkulu wa simenti ndi anasankhidwa filler.

Ndi ntchito kalasi imeneyi konkire pa maziko a nyumba payekha. Komanso analola m'dera la ntchito - yomanga nyumba Mipikisano storey (mpaka storeys 20 kutalika).

Kodi mtundu wa simenti zofunika maziko?

Konkire m'munsi kalasi mtengo, koma kumanga maziko bwino kuti apereke malire a chitetezo, makamaka wokhudza anthu kumene anakonza kuti m'chipinda chapansi kukhala. Kodi mtundu wa simenti zofunika maziko? Konkire zizindikiro M350, M400 ali mkulu osalimba, choncho chinyezi adzakhala kudutsa therethrough oipa zitsulo adzakhala drier. Nthawi zina, ntchito yomanga nyumba si yovuta m'nthaka osauka, n'zomveka kuti tikambirane zimene yopindulitsa kwambiri: ntchito kalasi apamwamba konkire kapena konkire kuchita mtengo, koma kuchitira maziko kumatira kuti adziteteze pansi.

Chophweka njira kudziwa zinthu zofunikira kalasi konkire pa maziko a nyumbayo, zimene mtundu kusankha - ndi kupanga zosungitsa wa ziwerengero pulani mlengi. Iwo kalasi yoyenera konkire anafotokozedwa pa mtundu wa ntchito, kuphatikizapo chapansi, ndi katundu zina kukhuta ndi njira, monga:

• kachulukidwe
• madzi kukana (chitetezo a pansi)
• chisanu (apamwamba, abwino kwambiri kwa nyengo nkhanza)
• fluidity,
• moto.

Komabe, kalasi konkire pa maziko a nyumba payekha zikhoza kusintha paokha. Kuti tichite zimenezi, zochitika zotsatirazi kukhala nyumba yomangidwa tiyenera kuziganizira:

• kulemera zomangamanga, chiwerengero cha mbewu, kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa chapansi,
• Geological malo zofufuza: anatsimikiza ndi mtundu wa dothi ndi nthaka akuya madzi kupeza,
• mtundu wa maziko: Mzere, mulu kapena wina aliyense.

Aliyense wa zinthu zakumwamba bwanji njira zina muyenera konkire pa maziko, kusankha konkire mtunduwu, anapatsidwa makhalidwe yache, etc.

Pa yowona monolithic maziko kuchita oppositely imatsogoleredwa mphamvu pa wozungulira lapansi. maziko ayenera adakumba pansi kotero kuti anali m'munsi mlingo wa yozizira koopsa. mfundo zosonyeza kuya kwa yozizira koopsa zimasiyanasiyana, malingana ndi nthaka ndi nyengo. Ambiri, chifukwa cha m'ma kumpoto chisanu msinkhu ndi 0.9-1.5 m. Kuya kwake bwino kusankha ndi ena malo. Kudalira maziko dothi, kosamugonjera yozizira koopsa, kupulumutsa Mzere maziko kwa chisanu chikhamu mapindikidwe.

Pakuti Mzere maziko adzayenerera kalasi m'munsi konkire, koma mulu M'malo mwake, pamafunika apamwamba ndi mphamvu. maziko mulu ntchito yomanga Mipikisano storey nyumba likulu. Mzere maziko akonzekeretse otsika-nyamuka nyumba.

Kusankha ndi zikuchokera konkire Kusakaniza mtanda

Ngakhale mayina ndi ofanana konkire kalasi ndi mtundu wa simenti - lingaliro chosiyana. Chiwerengero mu mtundu simenti amatanthauza mphamvu grout.

Chifukwa kapangidwe maziko adzatenge zolimba zake kuti kupereka mphamvu yopingasa, ndiye mulingo woyenera kusankha miyala kapena miyala pakati nusu. Ndi bwino kupereka nsinga wosweka lubwe miyala.

Koma mchenga, chiphunzitso cha analimbikitsa nyanja, koma saizi ndi omasuka, ku dzenje mchenga. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti mchenga ayenera choyamba kukhetsa, kupewa dongo ndipo inclusions ena osafunika.

Madzi palibe zofunikira mwapadera, oyenera wamba mpopi. Water-simenti chiŵerengero 2: 1.

A njira ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito chosakanizira, koma n'zotheka ndi Buku mawotchi mukubwadamuka wa njira. Izi zimafuna capacitance chochuluka, amene anawonjezera mu chiŵerengero enieni mchenga, miyala kapena mwala wosweka ndi simenti. Bwino wosanganiza zigawo youma, akhoza pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera madzi pamene oyambitsa zonse mpaka yosalala. Nkofunika kuti overdo ndi madzi.

The mawerengedwe a kuchuluka chofunika konkire

mawerengedwe yolakwika akukumana kusowa chuma kapena mtundu zotsala, amenenso osafunika.

Anaonedwa payokha mabuku mbale Mzere maziko n'kupanga, zipilala, amene ndiye mwachidule. Mtengo masamu ndi kuchulukitsa ndi koyefishienti wa shrinkage wa simenti, ukulu wa wochokera pasipoti lapansi. Popeza mavavu nawonso ali ndi buku zina formwork, ndiye chifukwa cha kuchuluka izi uwagawire ndi chinthu cha 1,05 konkire. Phindu chifukwa ali anamaliza.

Kodi konkire zingamuthandize maziko

Malangizo kusankha:

• mosamala kuwerengera kulemera kwa kukonza;
• kuonetsetsa malire chifukwa cha zolakwa nkotheka kapena contingency;
• kudziwa pa zimene pansi chidzachitidwa;
• kudziwa mogwirizana kwa nthaka ndi maziko a tsogolo.