Masada: kufotokoza, mbiri. Israel zokopa

Israel lero mpake kuti anali mmodzi wa malo chodabwitsa kwambiri mu dziko. Ndipo osati m'dziko zinachitika zozizwitsa zotchulidwa m'Baibulo, ndipo kuti tsopano apa ndi lofunika kwambiri kwa tiakachisi wachikhristu.

Israel zokopa

N'zosadabwitsa kuti m'Dziko Lolonjezedwa ndi mmodzi wa anthu otchuka ndipo amafuna malo alendo. Apaulendo ochokera konsekonse mdziko Aisiraeli yokhudzana ndi tiakachisi wapadera agwera mu mbiri yakale ndi kumasuka pa kugombe la Red kapena Nyanja Yakufa.

Zokopa za m'dziko limeneli. Palibe malo ena simungathe kuona zinthu zakale ambiri woyera ndi malo olambilila. Ambiri mwa malo opatulika a Isiraeli ku Yerusalemu ndi Woyera Manda ndi Dome wa Rock, tchalitchi cha St. Mariya wa Magadala, ndi ndithudi, Western Wall - mmodzi wa zokopa yaikulu ya Dziko Lolonjezedwa. Iwo lili cha kumadzulo kwa kachisi malo opatulika - mbali ya khoma wakale chamangidwa kuzungulira kachisi womangidwa ndi Mfumu Solomo. Dzina "kusisima Wall" anapata m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi. Apa lero Ayuda ndi alendo kupemphera kapena otmalivayut machimo, kusiya mphako zolemba analandira Wamphamvuyonse.
Mwa zokopa a Israel osanenapo iwo amene ali wopatulika kwa Akhristu onse a ku Nazarete - mzinda umene wadutsa ubwana wake ndi mnyamata wa Khristu, ndipo pamene panali chozizwitsa cha uthenga wabwino. Pamwamba pa grotto cha dzina chomwecho chimene chikuima okongola mpingo wa Katolika mu ulemu wa Annunciation lapansi.

malo osangalatsa alendo

Ndi kulakwa kuganiza kuti dziko la Israel ndi malo okhawo malo opatulika kulambira ndi. Mu dziko lino zodabwitsa ndipo pali zambiri zakale chidwi kukaona. M'Dziko Lolonjezedwa imatengedwa osati malo a zipembedzo zitatu, komanso chopunthira cha chitukuko. Choncho, phindu mbiri ya malo awa sitingalephere kukambapo. Mwa malo omwe zidzachitika mu maulendo motsogozedwa alendo, zinthu zochititsa chidwi monga Wabwino Tirhana, Israeli, Nazi Chikumbutso Museum, Otchulidwa M'Baibulo, ndi ena.

mitundu Variegated m'misewu mzinda, n'kulowa munkapezeka ndi zakale za zipembedzo zikuluzikulu zonse dziko - chifukwa china kuti otentha, koma n'zodabwitsa chidwi Isiraeli ananyamuka zikwi apaulendo. Ndipo moyandikana malo achilengedwe ngati Dead Sea ndi Chipululu cha Yudeya, pogwiritsa gombe, ndi zina zotero. E., Only kumawonjezera asilikali a alendo.

Masada linga

Israel, monga chidutswa ting'onoting'ono dziko atazunguliridwa ndi nyanja, m'zipululu, nkhalango ndi mapiri, ali lero kukhala dziko ano, olimbika anapambana ndi kumangidwa ndi mibadwo yambiri ya Ayuda. Ndipo ngati inu lembani malo onse yaikulu ya boma, mmodzi wa iwo ndithudi kudzacheza. Pamwamba khumi zopatsa chidwi kwambiri alendo monga Masada m'nyengo Israel. Maulendo malamulo kuno wapaulendo.

Kayendedwe

Nthawi zambiri, ku Russia ndi mawu izi ndi yankholi. Chifukwa chake kuti Masada linga, ambiri kugwirizana ndi Israeli nzeru bungwe Mossad. Komabe, palibe kugwirizana pakati pawo. Mawu "Masada" ndi lochokera Greek, mu Chihebri amatanthauza "linga". Omangawo wakale ndi lodziwika bwino anatchedwa World Heritage Site. Malowa ali pamtunda pafupi ndi Nyanja Yakufa gombe - makilomita makumi awiri okha. Ndi mpanda wolimba wakale wa Masada pafupi ndi mzinda wa Aradi, pafupi ndi motorway Ein gedi.

nkhani

Anaimanga mu makumi awiri ndi lachisanu BC Irod Ine Veliky, amene mbiri amadziwa kuchimwa wankhanza amene amaopa kutaya wachifumu analamula kuti aphe ana onse aamuna ku Betelehemu. Choncho anayesa kuchotsa mdani wake waukulu - wakhanda Khristu. Komabe, Irod Ine Veliky wasiya mu mbiri ya njira ndi zina - monga mfumu-womanga. Kuti anali kukodzedwa kachisi, izo anamanganso Kachisi Wachiwiri, namanga Bwalo la maseŵera, amene kenako bungwe mitundu ndi ndewu gladiator mu mzinda wa Yerusalemu.

cholinga yomanga

Mu ulemu wa m'bale wake wakufayo, Mfumu Herode anamanga mausoleum ndi nsanja. Iye ndiye ngati kukonzanso wa Samaria, ndipo doko Kaisara, ndi kachisi wokongola, yomwe ili pa chilumba cha Rhodes, komanso tsinde la Herodiona ndi Hesiboni pa dera la Yordano lero.

Kuyima pamwamba pa miyala angaloŵe pa dera lopanda chipululu, Masada linga mavuto angapo. Choyamba, izo zimayenera kukhala wothawirako kumene Mfumu Herode ndi banja lake kubisala nthawi ya nkhondo, ndipo kachiwiri, pali awasungira golide ndi zida.

mafotokozedwe

Masada linga limatuluka pamwamba Nyanja Yakufa pa mamita 450. Iye waima pa malo pomanga nthawi Hasmonean, limene, mogwirizana ndi zolembedwa anailemba mmasate pamaso yathu ino. Ndipo lero, pano alendo kusonyeza mmene mochenjera zinamangidwa dongosolo madzi ndi malo osambira chokhala malo osambira a Aroma. Masada linga anali ntchito makamaka kusamala m'matangadza zida pano ndi chakudya, koma anapita kwa mfumu ankadziwa kuti nkhokwe zake zopanda malire a golide anali atabisala pano.

inaccessibility

Kumbali zonse nyumbayi wazunguliridwa ndi ovuta phompho, ndi kokha kwa nyanja pamwamba zinali yopapatiza "njoka" njira, amene ali lero. Pa kumadzulo kwa mpanda wolimba wakale wa Masada chikugwirizana kwa dziko lakunja pamodzi njira, chamangidwa pa bwalo embankment Aroma. Kutalika - za maminiti sate.

Masada linga wamangidwa pa phompho pamwamba, amene korona pafupifupi lathyathyathya yachonde ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi 300 × 600 meters. Ndi pa malo awa trapezoidal m'sunagoge yokha mwa nyumba yachifumu, armories, nyumba wothandiza, maenje kwa deta ndi kusunga wotsatira wa Madzi a mvula. Pamodzi kukafika kutsogolo m'mapiriŵa wazunguliridwa ndi makoma wandiweyani. okwana m'litali - mamita 1,400. Kutalika kwa khoma mpanda wolimba anali za anayi mamita. Iwo anakonza 37 nsanja.

zokumbidwa pansi

Today mu mpanda, alendo kuwona nyumba yachifumu, amene anabisidwa mu nkhondo wosatha wa Mfumu Herode ndi banja lake, m'sunagoge Kumeneko iye anapemphera, makombo a Zithunzi zodabwitsa. Dulani mu thanthwe massif akasinja madzi komanso kutentha ndi kuzizira osambira bwanji zomangamanga ake. Koma chidwi kwambiri kupeza, malinga amafufuza zamakezana ndi mbiri yakale - sunagoge. Iwo kalekale atavomereza kuti Ayuda analibe kufunika kwake chifukwa iwo anali kachisi. Komabe, kafukufukuyu ali akatswiri kudabwa. Mfundo yakuti malinga a Masada anali ankamangidwanso pa nthawi imene anali akadali Wachiwiri kachisi ku Yerusalemu, amene anamangidwanso ndi Herode. Komabe, analipo sunagoge. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kupeza ofanana anatulukira pa bwinja la mpanda wolimba wakale wa Gamla. Kuti panali umboni kuti m'sunagoge yakale ya Ayuda sanali funso aliko chikugwirizana ndi Temple.

mbiri

M'chaka sevente a m'nthawi yathu ino Aroma anapondereza kugalukira, adakhoza kugwila ndi kuwononga Yerusalemu. Komabe, chikondwerero chomaliza cha chigonjetso atumwiwo kugwila ndipo malinga a Masada, lomwe anakwanitsa kuthawa amene anapulumuka opandukawo ochepa. Zingatanthauze kuti yotsirizira si pangozi panonso. Pambuyo malinga a Masada, lomwe wazunguliridwa ndi ovuta phompho ndi malinga atali, ndi kuziganizira angaloŵe. Koma anthu opandukawo, amene anawerenga anthu pafupifupi zikwi, ndi ana awo ndi akazi, anaonanso ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, chachikulu asilikali achiroma. Choncho precipitating anakwanitsa yozungulira nyumba yachifumu. Zikufalikira, kuzungulira m'misasa ake ambiri ankhondo, Aroma adayamba kumanga mulu waukulu, umene unali kukhala msewu khoma m'linga.

Choncho, Aroma anazungulira linga ndi kuponyedwa padziko ena m'misasa usilikali ndipo anayamba kumanga chimphona chiundo khoma mpanda wolimba. Iye prednachalas osati kulimbikitsa oyenda, koma muziganiziranso zoyendera zida mzinga, komanso omenyerapo nkhosa. Tsoka linasindikizidwa linga. Opandukawo ukhali kudikira thandizo. Zikamera wa asilikali achiroma mu chotchinga kuwononga makoma ake RAM amafunika maola kubwera. Koma Ayuda onyada, osafuna manyazi ndi ukapolo, kuphatikizapo ana awo, kupita sitepe wosimidwa. The zokometsera a linga la Aroma atonga kusiya zofunkha aliyense, kutenthedwa yonse inali mu linga pa chuma. Iwo anasiya chakudya chokha ndi madzi, motero kusonyeza Asilikali achiroma kuti kusowa makonzedwe iwo analibe, koma iwo ndinaganizira mbali ya imfa, ankaona kuti afe ufulu.

Kwambiri zomvetsa chisoni tsamba limenelo la mbiri

Kenako, chikufa anaponyedwa: khumi osankhidwa chifukwa cha asilikali anapha anthu onse amene pa nthawi imeneyi anali kubisala pa malo pamene anzawo wapamtima komanso akazi ndi ana, kuonjezerapo lake. Kenako anasankhila mmodzi, amene adapha ena asanu ndi anai, anali kudzipha. Adzaoneni tsamba Nkhani ya linga wotchuka wakale mpaka lero anadzudzula Iosif Flavy, kulemba za izo mu buku lotchedwa "The Jewish nkhondo". Iye modalira nkhani ya akazi awiri ndi ana ochepa amene anatha kubisa m'phanga kenako kulankhula za zimene zachitika, zoona anasamutsa zonse umboni anati. Yolondola nkhani yake linatsimikizidwa popereka zokumbidwa pansi - ndi miyala angapo omwe analembedwa mayina a anthu amene anachita nawo tsoka yoopsa imeneyi. Komanso, kuzungulira linga mpaka lero kuteteza mabwinja a m'misasa, anagawa ndi magulu a asilikali achiroma.

Masada lero

Lero, mpaka zokopa m'gulu pafupifupi maulendo wa Isiraeli, akhoza inamangidwa monga izo galimoto chingwe. Yolipirira - pafupi twente dollars. Braves mafani ndi mavuto angafikire mpanda wolimba onse "njoka njira" pa Nyanja Yakufa ndi kumangidwa ndi Aroma nthawi wotchuka kuzinga earthworks lapansi. Koma anthu amene amadutsa ambiri kusankha galimoto chingwe.

Information alendo

Pa phazi la "njoka" njira anakonza magalimoto magalimoto. Palinso umagwira ntchito malo mudziwe kumene alendo adzatha matikiti kulowa m'linga, komanso kukweza galimoto chingwe. Palinso zakale, amene anaika zinthu zakale anapeza zofukulidwa m'mabwinja. Mu nyengo yabwino, Masada linga n'kukhala kuholo ya konsati, kumene nyimbo ndi zochitika chikhalidwe ikuchitikira.