"Masiku Wotembereredwa" - chidule cha kusanthula ntchito za Bunin

Ife inu mwachidule za ntchito Ivana Alekseevicha Bunina "Wotembereredwa Masiku" - mwachidule zochitika zazikulu za zomwe analemba mu zolemba zake mu 1918. Lofalitsidwa buku aka kanali koyamba mu 1926.

Bunin mu 1918-1920 olembedwa zidindo wake ndi kuyang'anila okhudza zimene zinachitika pa nthawi mu dziko lathu, mu mawonekedwe a zolemba tsikulo.

Moscow lemba

Mwachitsanzo, January 1, 1918, ku Moscow, analemba kuti "chaka kwambiri" yatha, koma mwina abwera chinachake "ngakhale kwambiri."

February 5 chaka chino, anaona kuti anayambitsa kalembedwe latsopano, choncho ziyenera 18 chiwerengero.

February 6 Nkhani lidalembedwa kuti mu nyuzipepala nkhani za nagonjetsa German, amonke akuigwiritsa ayezi pa Petrovka ndi odutsa kusekera, chigonjetso.

Komanso sanatchule tsiku ndi kufotokoza za zolemba zofunika Bunin ntchito "Wotembereredwa Masiku", mwachidule zimene amaona mwa ife.

History mu ophimba njanji

Msilikali wachinyamata analowa sitima galimoto ndipo anati, zamanyazi, kuti sangathe kulipira tikiti. Iwo anali anathawa Simferopol wotsutsa Derman. Malinga ndi iye, pali "lidzadabwitsa": ogwira ntchito ndi asilikali kupita "m'maondo mu magazi," munthu wakale anawotcha amoyo msilikali mu firebox sitima.

Bunin analemba kuti, monga kulikonse kuti si koma nthawi kuthana bwinobwino ndi mosakondera mu ulimi Russian. Koma sipadzakhala konse weniweni mosakondera. Komanso, "kukondera" wathu wofunika kwambiri kwa mbiri m'tsogolo, akuti Bunin ( "Wotembereredwa Masiku"). Mwachidule zomwe zili zikuluzikulu za malingaliro enieni a Ivan adzakhala Lumikizanani pansipa.

The sitima mulu wa asilikali ndi matumba akuluakulu. Iwo amathamanga ku Moscow, poopa kuti adzatumizidwa kuteteza Germany Petersburg.

Bunin ndi mnyamata msilikali Cook, woonda, ovutika ndi kumwa. Iye adakutokosani 'nkhope yake mu chifuwa chake, "ndipo aphula mata Ivan, kumuuza kuti:". Despot, mwana wahule "

Wina kuikidwa pa makoma zithunzi milandu Lenin ndi Trotsky mogwirizana ndi Germany, kuti iwo ziphuphu.

Kucheza ndi polisher

Tidzapitiriza azipereka chidule cha nkhani Bunin "Wotembereredwa Masiku". Mu kukambirana ndi polishers akufunsa iwo funso zimene zidzachitike lotsatira mu maganizo a anthu awa. Iwo akuyankha kuti tiyeni kumasula zigawenga m'ndende amene kuthamanga, samayenera kuchita izi, koma m'malo mwake ayenera kukhala kuwombera yaitali. Mu ulamuliro wa mtundu chinachitika. Ndipo tsopano Bolsheviks sunathe. anthu ofooka ... The Bolsheviks chinachake basi zikwi zana adzakhala ndi anthu wamba - mamiliyoni, koma iwo sangakhoze kuchita kanthu. Dali kuti polisher ufulu, iwo ndi shreds zonse ku nyumba ya tinasiyana.

Bunin limanena kuti nthawi ina anamva mwangozi pa foni. Akufunsa anthu zoyenera kuchita, iye msilikali wothandiza mfumu uja Kaledin ndi alonda 15. Yankho ndi "yomweyo anawomberedwa."

Kachiwiri chionetsero, music, posters, mbendera - ndi kuitana kuti: "Nyamuka, anthu ntchito!". Bunin ananena kuti mawu a primeval awo, uterine. Akazi Mordovia ndi Chuvash anthu amuna - chigawenga, ena mwachindunji Sakhalin.

Iwo anafotokozanso kuti Aroma sitampu pa nkhope ya akaidi. Ndipo anthu awa musaike chilichonse chifukwa chilichonse kumaoneka popanda iwo.

Nkhani Lenin a

Werengani nkhani Lenin a. Achinyengo ndi zonyozeka kuti: "Russian dziko chitsitsimutso," ndi International.

Zotsatirazi akulongosola "Congress ya Soviet Union", kulankhula anakamba ndi Lenin. Ndawerenga nkhani mitembo, atayima pansi pa nyanja. Iwo amizidwe, anapha alonda. Ndipo kenako "zoyimbira snuffbox".

Lubyanka Square onse younikira dzuwa. Kuyambira magudumu akuwaza matope madzi. Boys, amuna, kunenerera halva, makeke, ndudu ... The zazikulu "kuipanikiza" antchito.

Nyakhondo pa khitchini pa AP limanena kuti sosholisimu sizingatheke pompano, koma ayenera kudula bourgeoisie.

1919. Odessa

Tipitirize pofotokoza ntchito ya Bunin a "Wotembereredwa Masiku". Chidule tichipeza zochitika zotsatirazi wotsatira ndi maganizo a wolemba.

April 12. Bunin zolemba kuti kuchokera imfa pafupifupi milungu itatu wathu. doko kanthu, mzinda akufa. Monga lero, ndinalandira kalata pachibwenzi 10 August ku Moscow. Komabe, wolemba zolemba, Russian makalata kalekale, mu chirimwe wa '17, pamene anaonekera m'njira European, ndi nduna ya Posts Telegraphs. The "Mtumiki wa Labor" - onse Russia yomweyo anasiya kugwira ntchito. Satana kukhetsa mwazi Kaini mkwiyo anapumira pa dziko m'masiku amenewo, pamene iwo anali atalengeza ufulu, ufulu wofanana ndi fraternity. Pomwepo anadza misala. Onse kumuopseza kuti akawamange mzake kwa kutsutsana kulikonse.

Chithunzicho anthu

Bunin anati mkwiyo umene anali akuti "wakuda" chifaniziro cha anthu Russian anakumana pamene iwo anali vspoeny, kusamalidwa ndi mabuku, chifukwa chamanyazi zaka zana, magulu onse, kupatulapo "anthu" ndi tramps. nyumba zonse tsopano mdima, mzinda wonse mu mdima, kupatulapo mapanga wakuba, kodi anamva balalaika, muli chandeliers, malinga ndi zooneka wakuda mbendera, chimene chimafotokoza chigaza woyera ndi zolembedwa "Imfa kuti bourgeoisie ndi!".

Tipitirize fotokozani ntchito zomwe analemba Bunin IA ( "Wotembereredwa Masiku"), mu skokraschenii. Ivan anati pali awiri mitundu ya anthu mu fuko. Mu mmodzi wa iwo chogwidwa ndi Russia, ndi zina, monga amaiika - Chud. Koma onse ndi maonekedwe anasintha, lokhala wosasangalala, "precariousness". anauza anthu okha, kuti iye, monga ku mtengo, "ndipo gululi, ndi fano." Izi zidalira pa amene amangomvera, zinthu zilili. Emelka Pugachev kapena Sergiy Radonezhsky.

mzinda zinatha

Tipitirize retelling athu mwachidule kuchepetsa a. IA Bunin "Wotembereredwa Masiku" complements motere. Mu Odessa, 26, anaponya Mazana Black. Kwambiri. mzinda akukhala kunyumba, anthu ochepa kwambiri pa msewu. Aliyense amavutika ngati anagonjetsa anthu apadera, zambiri zoopsa kuposa makolo athu zinkaoneka Pechenegs. Ndipo wopambana ndi malonda makola, lotayirira, analavulira mbewu mpendadzuwa.

Bunin ananena kuti mwamsanga pamene akukhala "ofiira" mzinda, nthawi yomweyo zimasiyanasiyana khamu chimadzaza msewu. Kusankha unapangidwa anthu amene alibe kuphweka, ordinariness. Iwo pafupifupi chonyansa, mantha kupusa yake yoipa, akuitana aliyense ndi chirichonse. Pa Field ya Mars anapanga "sewero lanthabwala maliro" ananena otchuka amene anafa ufulu. Zinali kunyazitsa akufa, chifukwa kuikidwa m'manda mosatsata mwambo Mkhristu, m'manda mu mkatikati mwa mzindawo, anakwera mu mabokosi wofiira.

"Chenjezo" mu manyuzipepala

Kupitiriza kupereka chidule cha ntchito za IA Bunin "Wotembereredwa Masiku". Komanso, wolemba imati "Chenjezo" mu nyuzi pepala kuti magetsi sadzakhala posachedwapa chifukwa mafuta kutopa. Onse ankapatsidwa mwezi umodzi kumeneko anakhalabe palibe njanji, palibe mafakitale, zovala, palibe chakudya, madzi. Usiku anabwera ndi "Commissioner" kunyumba kuyeza chipinda "kwa proletariat la chisindikizo." wolemba zodabwitsa chifukwa Khoti, ndi Commissioner, osati bwalo. Chifukwa chakuti n'zotheka kuyenda mu mwazi wa bondo amatetezedwa mawu opatulika a zisinthe. Mavuto - chinthu chachikulu mu Red Army. maso Impudent, kale loipa, ndudu mkamwa mwake, kapu yake pa mutu wake, atavala nsanza. Mu Odessa, wina anthu 15 anawomberedwa, anatumiza sitima ziwiri ndi chakudya zokometsera Petersburg pamene mumzindawo, "mpweya njala."

Izi anamaliza ntchito ya "Wotembereredwa Masiku", mwachidule zomwe tinanyamuka kufotokoza kwa inu. Pomaliza, mlembi walemba kuti kutsirizitsa pa mfundo iyi, linanena Odessa. Zidutswa zotsatirazi za izo m'manda mu nthaka, atatuluka mu mzindawo, ndipo kenako mbasowa.

A mwachidule kusanthula ntchito za Bunin "masiku Wotembereredwa"

Ivan mu ntchito mawu ake maganizo ake zisinthe - zikuchepa negative. M'njira okhwima, "Wotembereredwa Masiku" Bunin - si ngakhale tsikulo, kuyambira timva anali anachira pamtima wolemba zaluso kukonzedwa. Monga nthawi zakale kusiyana kunaoneka ndi iwo Chisinthiko cha Bolshevik. Bunin anamva otsiriza, amene akhoza kumva yakale grandfathers ndi makolo awo. Iye ankafuna kukankhira kuchepa mphamvu, yophukira kukongola woyambawo ndi formlessness, tsoka la masiku ano. Ntchito "Wotembereredwa Masiku" Bunin ananena kuti Pushkin mochititsa chisoni otsika ndi amamuchititsa mutu wake, ngati tingadziwe kuti: "Sad Russia wanga". Pozungulira moyo okha zina zolaula akazi koma amuna.

Osati kupambana kwa nkhanza ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa demokalase anali wolemba Gehena zisinthe, koma ndi imfa irreplaceable wa mode ndi dongosolo la moyo weniweniwo, chigonjetso cha formlessness. Komanso, mankhwala ali akuda ndi chisoni cha omaliza umene Bunin ndi dziko lake. Kuyang'ana amasiye doko la Odessa, wolemba anati kuchoka kwa ukwati wawo , ndipo ananena kuti ana sangathe n'komwe kuti Russia, omwe anakhala makolo awo.

Kugwa kwa Russian Bunin zopeka ndi mapeto a mogwirizana dziko. Only mu chipembedzo amaona chitonthozo chokha.

M'malo mokhala wolemba amalambira moyo wakale. zopindika ake anasindikizidwa mu "Suhodol" ndi "The Village". Iye anasonyeza malo amodzi ndi alibe pang'onopang'ono kwa kalasi olemekezeka. Koma poyerekeza ndi zoopsa zonse za nkhondo yapachiweniweni ndi zisinthe, chisanadze chosintha Russia mu chifaniziro cha Bunin anakhala pafupi ndi chitsanzo cha dongosolo ndi kukhazikika. Anaganiza pafupifupi mneneri m'Baibulo, ngakhale mu "Mudzi" adzabweretsa tsoka akubwera ndi kudikira kuti aphedwe awo, komanso si tsankho mbiri ndi anafikapo wina opusa ndi opanda chifundo Russian kupanduka, mu mawu a Pushkin. Bunin anaona zoopsa za utasintha anthu ankaonera monga kubwezera kuponderezedwa pa ulamuliro wa Romanov mafumu. Ndipo anaona kuti Bolsheviks ali adzaononga theka la anthu. Choncho, chotero zakuda Buninskaya tsikulo.