Mastectomy - ndichiyani? opaleshoni kuchotsa chifuwa

khansa ya m'mawere kudwala ochuluka kumawapeza mu atsikana a msinkhu wobereka. Malinga ndi WHO boma, chaka chilichonse zosavuta matenda zoopsa. Koma lero, mankhwala si kuima ndi lichitidwa modernized, koposa umisiri watsopano, njira ya matenda ndi mankhwala, kulola kudziwa matenda pa siteji oyambirira ndi vutolo.

Mmodzi mwa njira yothetsera mavuto ndi mastectomy. Ndi chiyani icho? Kutsimikiziridwa njira opaleshoni kuti ntchito khansa. zaka ngati khumi zapitazo, madokotala analekanitsa England lonse, pamodzi ndi minofu pachifuwa (ngakhale pa siteji oyambirira), lero chifukwa cha luso lamakono ndi luso lalikulu la madokotala, inu angapulumutse areola ndi axillary lymph mfundo.

Akatswiri a zaka za m'ma 21 akuyesetsa kusunga minofu wathanzi ndi kuchotsa matenda, Jaji wathunthu wa bere amachititsa akazi katundu maganizo nkhonya. Tiyeni tikambirane zambiri zokhudza mitundu ya wotuluka ndi zotsatira zake.

Opaleshoni Madena (yosavuta mastectomy)

Dokotalayo si excised axillary dera, subclavian ndi subscapular lymph mfundo ndi masamba a minofu sternum. Choncho anachotsa akhudzidwa mammary England. Nthawi zambiri kukhala muyeso njira kupewa chitukuko cha maselo a khansa, makamaka kutengera za kumtundu.

Patey opareshoni (kusinthidwa kwakukulu)

Ambiri ndi otchuka ndondomeko. Iron chikutha pamodzi ndi malekezero cartilaginous, mafuta minofu (subclavian, axillary, subscapular) komanso lymph mfundo ndi mbali ya sternum lapansi. Njira imeneyi zimathandiza inu kupulumutsa ntchito wam'mawere moyo wonse komanso kudzikonda kuzindikira. Mu ntchito iyi kusinthidwa ndi opindula monga mastectomy.

Opaleshoni Halstead (kwakukulu mastectomy)

Chitsulo ndi excised ndi minofu minofu ndi lymph mfundo, kumene kungakhale maselo a khansa. Kuchepetsa minofu kuchotsedwa akatswiri apanga zosintha angapo njira iyi: monga Madden, Halstead, kumwa, Urban-atagwira kampani, etc. Today opaleshoni kwakukulu kuchotsa chifuwa zachitika kawirikawiri ndi kokha pa nthawi pamene njira zina ndi prohibitive ndi kosathandiza ..

Reconstructive opaleshoni ndi mastectomy

Ikuchitika mu njira zingapo: ntchito minofu ndi silikoni awo amadzala. Munthawi yomweyo kukhazikitsanso angathe kubwezeretsa chifuwa voliyumu ndi kusunga mawonekedwe pachiyambi. ntchito amenewa ndi otchuka kwambiri, iwo amasankhidwa ndi oposa 75% ya amayi ndi khansara. Isanafike wozengereza dokotala amapereka mtima kanthawi ngati kamisolo wapadera ndi anaikapo ziwalo silikoni, amadzala yokumba ndiyeno ankafunila mawonekedwe, mtundu ndi mtundu anakhala pansi pa khungu. Reconstructive njira akadzabweranso chiyembekezo cha moyo wathunthu. Opaleshoni imeneyi ndi yosavuta kwambiri kuposa ntchito minofu anu.

umboni

Mastectomy - ndichiyani? The njira opaleshoni kochotsa zilonda zisindikizo mu England mammary ndi ozungulira malo minofu. Iwo anasonyeza kuti matenda a chotupa lalikulu limene linali kunja bere. Unachitikira kwa akazi ndi yaing'ono kukula chifuwa pofuna kupewa mapindikidwe. Kuti adziwe zachipatala ndi zokongoletsa, makamaka mu magawo oyambirira, ntchito zhelezosohranyayuschaya adzapelekedwa. Pambuyo zofunika cheza mankhwala chifukwa pachifuwa pang'ono olumala. Choncho, aliyense aganiza kuti kupsa iye bwino.

zosokonezeka

Ngakhale kuti anali mmodzi wa mastectomy otetezeka opaleshoni (ndiko kuti, wakhala tafotokozazi), pambuyo msonkhano sangathe lilibe zotsatira zoipa. Ena anaona magazi katundu, izo amayamba ndi osauka clotting magazi. Nthawi zina, muli mavuto olowa phewa. Ichi ndi chifukwa ndondomeko zolakwika za konzanso. Tingaone ndi vuto monga matenda chilonda (ankachitira yekha ndi mankhwala antibacterial).

Lymphostasis zikadzatha mastectomy - chogwirika komanso chooneka kudzikundikira madzimadzi ziwiya lymphatic. Koma ngati boma n'chosoŵa. Dziwani kuti lymphedema kumachitika zaka ngakhale 2-3 pambuyo alowererepo pa. Pamene edema mwamsanga kuchipatala. Zikatero amapatsidwa kokoka, bandaging ntchito (zotanuka bandeji kapena malaya) yotithandiza magazi.

Nthawi postoperative

Kuchotsa ya m'mawere - osati ndondomeko zosavuta, kenako muyenera thanzi labwino ndi kuti mosamalitsa kutsatira malamulo zinalembedwa. Iwo saloledwa kuti pa tsiku lachiwiri, ndi kutumikira okha. Ntchito kwathunthu anachira kokha pa tsiku la 20. Ngalande zambiri kuchotsedwa pafupi masabata awiri (onse malingana ndi machiritso). Magawowa boma yoikidwiratu othetsa ululu.

Malangizo kwa odwala likufa opaleshoni

Kwa miyezi ingapo, madokotala musati amalangiza kukaona solarium ndi gombe. Muyeneranso kupewa jekeseni mu mnofu mu dzanja ndi choipa kwa manja, ndi bwino kwambiri kusamalira zikhadabo, kupewa abrasions ndi kuvulala. Ntchito m'munda, muyenera kuvala magolovesi. Kupewa stagnation wa lymph ndi immobilization wa olowa phewa, muyenera tsiku lililonse pambuyo pa masiku khumi udzachitike pambuyo opaleshoni, kuti kukhala dzanja ndi modekha kutikita ndi armpit.

Ine ndikufuna kunena kuti odwala ambiri amene opaleshoni uyu ali ndi kusankha kwawo, ndi khalidwe la moyo. Kumene, mastectomy (wotani chamankhwala, inu tsopano mukudziwa komanso) si limathetseratu vuto lina lililonse ndipo ali ndi zovuta zake, komabe, njira zimenezi zimathandiza kuti kudalira yawo manyazi thupi lake.