Matenda a chikasu ndiyo: zizindikiro akuluakulu, zimayambitsa ndi mitundu. Kodi kuchiza matenda a chikasu ndiyo?

Chiwindi ndi mmodzi wa antchito zofunika kwambiri m'thupi mwathu. Ntchito yake sangathe anakokomeza: ndi yogwirira ndondomeko chimbudzi, ambabala mahomoni zofunika ndi mavitamini, kumatanthauza kagayidwe ndi hematopoiesis dongosolo amachita ntchito ya kumbuyo ndi purifier wa poizoni zoipa zotha ntchito. Thupi ili yofunika m'lingaliro loona mawu - palibe analogues yokumba kuti mwina m'malo, osachepera yochepa. Chifukwa chiwindi - izi ndi zimene muyenera mosamala kusamala moyo wake ndi vuto la mavuto yomweyo kupempha thandizo ndi kuyamba mankhwala woyenera. Mmodzi wa zambiri ndi ofanana mavuto monga matenda, zomwe tsiku ndi tsiku akutchedwa monga matenda a chikasu ndiyo. Zizindikiro akuluakulu ndi ana si zimavuta kudziwa, iwo momveka bwino: khungu anthu, diso ndi mapuloteni mucous tikhale ndi kulocha chikasu. Ichi ndi bwino mbendera kuti thupi ayenera kuthandizidwa.

Matenda a chikasu ndiyo ana ndi akulu

Mu masiku oyamba pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwana, amayi ambiri akhoza anakumana ndi matenda a chikasu ndiyo otchedwa akhanda. chikhalidwe ichi imatengedwa zachilendo kwa mwana, sikutanthauza chithandizo ndipo wokha unachitikira mkati mwa sabata. Koma matenda a chikasu ndiyo (zizindikiro) akuluakulu ayenera kutengedwa ngati mbendera kuti thupi ntchito ukulephera. Kawirikawiri matenda a chikasu ndiyo woona akhoza kusokonezedwa ndi onyenga. Yellowness khungu asangalatse ntchito kwambiri mavitamini kapena mankhwala okhala carotene (lalanje, dzungu, karoti kapena beetroot). Kusiyanitsa woona matenda a chikasu ndiyo carotene n'zosavuta: ndi kusintha mtundu onyenga yekha khungu, koma maso ndi khungu komanso zochirikizira mucous sizisintha.

Mu mawonekedwe mfundo zimene zafala monga matenda a chikasu ndiyo, - zizindikiro. Akuluakulu ndi ana mwina chifukwa chiwerengero cha pathologies kapena matenda, monga zinachitika pamene thupi silingaone kwathunthu ayeretsedwe bilirubin - mankhwala anapanga nthawi ya kuwonongedwa kwa hemoglobin. M'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino ayenera excreted ndi chimbudzi, koma ngati pa zifukwa zina sizinachitike, bilirubin ukuyamba mu magazi. thupi amayesetsa kuti ayeretse njira ina iliyonse: kupyolera impso kapena khungu, chifukwa iwo amakhala jaundiced - mtundu wa bilirubin. Chotero chizindikiro angakhale zotsatira zosiyanasiyana matenda, n'kofunika kupeza chifukwa chenicheni cha pakuwonekera kwake ndipo mwamsanga kuthandiza zachipatala.

Mitundu ndi zimayambitsa

Kwa mankhwalawa, ndi kofunika kukhazikitsa chifukwa panali matenda a chikasu ndiyo (zizindikiro). Akuluakulu, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika:

• Obstructive matenda a chikasu ndiyo - kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda kapena ndulu chifukwa blockage ducts excretory. Zingaoneke pamene helminthic infestations miyala occlusion, pamaso pa zotupa kapena zifukwa zina chimene chinapangitsa stasis wa ya ndulu.
• Parenchymal matenda a chikasu ndiyo - chifukwa cha matenda kagayidwe kachakudya chiwindi kugwirizana ndi hepatocytes mkhutu. Bilirubin si n'kukhala ndi chigawo chimodzi cha ya ndulu, ndi kukhala sichinasinthe. Mu mawonekedwe chimatilowetsa m'magazi, ndipo kenako kufalikira thupi lonse. chifukwa mwina zosiyanasiyana matenda chiwindi: matenda enaake, matenda a chiwindi, khansa, mononucleosis, sepsis poizoni kapena matenda chotupa.
• Hemolytic matenda a chikasu ndiyo - kumachitika chifukwa cha kulephera dongosolo hematopoietic, chifukwa m'badwo wa bilirubin mu akusokoneza. Kungakhale chifukwa cha matenda autoimmune, hematoma yaikulu, lymphoma, kuchepa magazi, kuledzera kapena kutengera za kumtundu.

zizindikiro

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda a chikasu ndiyo akuluakulu - yellowness wa diso (sclera), ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mucous cha maso, pakamwa, ndi manenedwe. N'kosavuta kudziwa masana abwino. Mphamvu ya kudetsa osiyanasiyana kuchokera mandimu zachikasu lalanje. Khungu nkhope, makamaka kuzungulira pakamwa, mphuno ndi masaya amapeza khalidwe hue manja chikasu ndi mapazi. M'kupita kwa nthawi, chikasu kufalikira thupi lonse, kutembenuzira khungu, minofu ndi ngakhale fupa. Wodwala anati kuwonongeka ambiri, malungo limapezeka, mutu, ndi zambiri ululu m'dera chiwindi (kumanja chapamwamba nusu). Anasonyeza zizindikiro za kuledzera: nseru, chizungulire, imfa ya zopweteka kudya, malungo, minofu. Nthawi zina, pali ya ndulu regurgitation ndi kuyabwa. Wodwala wotaya kulemera kwambiri. Mkodzo kukuchita mdima ndi mthunzi thovu ndi mowa akukumbutsa ndi mukubwadamuka. Koma mosiyana discolored chopondapo.

Kodi inu kupeza matenda a chikasu ndiyo?

lingaliro limeneli limapezeka kawirikawiri pamene munthu achibale kale anaonekera matenda a chikasu ndiyo (zizindikiro). Akuluakulu, ngati izo kunditumiza ku matenda amenewa, ndi owopsa kwa anthu ena m'banja? Matenda a chikasu ndiyo yokha ndi zotsatira za matenda ena, kotero m'pofunika kuyesetsa matenda ena m'banja sizinachitike. Zosiyana mwina matenda chifukwa cha kutengera za kumtundu, kuno zingaphatikizepo matenda a chikasu ndiyo ndi amayi apakati, ndi monga ponseponse chifukwa kusintha m'thupi. Ndipo anthu a mitundu matenda a chikasu ndiyo, zomwe sizinachitike chifukwa cha wothandizila lachitatu chipani. Matenda ambiriri tizilombo kudzera mwa kukhudzana pafupi ndi kupyolera chakudya ndi chakumwa, chifukwa ayenera mosamalitsa kusunga kusamalitsa ndi. Kungakhale chifukwa kawirikawiri chiwindi tizilombo. matenda opatsirana osati kwa anthu, komanso chiwindi nyama - agalu kapena amphaka. HIV imafalikira ku nyama kupita kwa anthu kokha mwachindunji kukhudzana, chakudya ndi madzi katundu mu Zikatero sichikwiya kachilombo.

matenda

A matenda zolondola n'kofunika. M'pofunika kukhazikitsa chifukwa, chifukwa panali matenda a chikasu ndiyo (zizindikiro) akuluakulu. Chithandizo umalimbana ndi kuthetsa matenda chachikulu, ndi chimodzimodzi ndi nkhani njira ya mankhwala zimene zingakuthandizeni kuyeretsa thupi la bilirubin. The katswiri adzakhala anayendera kunja, tisonyezeni mndandanda wa mayesero ndipo anapereka choyambitsa. Wodwala chofunika kuti apereke magazi, ndowe ndi mkodzo kwa kusanthula. Komanso, ultrasound ingaperekedwe chifukwa kudziŵa boma la chiwindi, ya ndulu ducts, ndi ndulu. Pamene parenchymal kwa chiwindi matenda a chikasu ndiyo anagwira laparoscopy.

Mu nkhani ya matenda aakulu zofuna alowererepo opaleshoni, komanso chiwindi anatumizidwa chiwindi biopsy ndi chindodo zina (tseliakografiya ndi splenoportography). Mwina mankhwala ndi zina za kafukufuku. Olondola matenda ndi mankhwala oyambirira osati kuchiritsa, komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mavuto oopsa. Umu ndi m'mene iye amayang'ana ndi matenda a chikasu ndiyo (zizindikiro akuluakulu) Photo limakupatsani kuyerekeza mtundu wa sclera wa munthu wathanzi ndi wodwala ndi zili bwino bilirubin m'magazi.

chithandizo

Njira mankhwala kukhala osiyana kwambiri, malinga ndi mtundu matenda a matenda. Mankhwalawa waukulu umalimbana kuchotsa muzu wa matenda ndi Kupha zotsatira.

1. matenda opatsirana amapatsidwa mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa, ndi medicaments kukhalabe ndi kubwezeretsa ntchito chiwindi. matenda a chikasu ndiyo ili (zizindikiro akuluakulu) matenda zingachititse anthu amene amakhudzana ndi wodwalayo. Chifukwa mankhwala ikuchitika mu Dipatimenti opatsirana a zipatala ndi mwayi zochepa alendo.
2. Ngati matendawa amayamba ndi zinthu mwamwambo (obstructive matenda a chikasu ndiyo), mankhwala umaperekedwa kwakukulu. Zotupa kapena miyala amachotsedwa opaleshoni, malinga ngalande excretory ducts chifukwa ya ndulu otaya yachibadwa.
3. Hemolytic matenda a chikasu ndiyo Kwalamulidwa timadzi mankhwala ndi glucocorticoids. Nthawi zina, kuchotsa opaleshoni ya ndulu zasonyezedwa.

Bilirubin, amene ali pano wochuluka mu minofu wodwala, chitatha bwino atadziŵa cheza ultraviolet. Chifukwa ingaperekedwe phototherapy (mankhwala azitsamba). Pamene matenda a chikasu ndiyo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti unagawanika chakudya ndi zakudya kuwala.

Chithandizo ndi mankhwala kunyumba

mankhwala amapereka zosiyanasiyana chithandizo cha matenda. Kwenikweni ndi mankhwala, kumakhudza diuretic, komanso zimasweka ya ndulu. Zikuphatikizapo kulowetsedwa kapena decoction wa plantain, dandelion, liziwawa St. John, calendula, yarrow, masamba birch, ndi ena ambiri. Koma kumbukirani, musanayambe mankhwala, onetsetsani kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu, chifukwa iye yekha angathe kudziwa chimene chimayambitsa matenda a chikasu ndiyo ndi kupereka malangizo actionable. Sankhani njira ya mankhwala n'kofunika kuyamba matenda, mwinamwake zoipa mpaka kalekale angagwiritsidwe ntchito thanzi.

The zotsatira za matenda akuluakulu

Ndi mankhwala yake ndi yake, madokotala ananena zawo ndi zabwino. Koma mu nkhani ya pathologies aakulu (khansa chiwindi matenda enaake kapena matenda a chiwindi A ndi C) zingatenge matenda a chikasu ndiyo aakulu ngakhale imfa. Mukhoza kukumana ndi maganizo olakwika kuti mbiri ya matenda a chikasu ndiyo mwana (zizindikiro) anthu wamkulu zingathe kubweretsa mavuto ndi kubalana. mawu zimenezi si zoona kwathunthu. Munthuyo anali kudwala matenda a chikasu ndiyo, mwina kungakhale bambo wa mwana wathanzi. Koma ndi matenda amenewa, monga chiwindi, muyenera kusamala. Pa nthawi yomwe mayi ndi mwana, makolo ayenera kukhala wathanzi, ndipo nkhawa osati Papa, koma mayi a mwanayo. Pakuti kupewa matenda a chiwindi C kwa anthu pokhudzana ndi munthu odwala, ndi kutumikiridwa immunoglobulin jekeseni. Ngati mayi woyembekezera ndi wathanzi ndipo ali ndi katemera, ndiye mwana wake adzabadwa wathanzi kwathunthu.

The mabvuto a matenda a chikasu ndiyo ana

Pankhani ya ana amene atabadwa anapanga "matenda a chikasu ndiyo akhanda", koma iye alibe anadutsa pambuyo masabata awiri, panali matenda akalandire chithandizo kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana, ayenera chokhwima mankhwala mwamsanga. otaya oterowo amatchedwa "kernicterus" ndipo ndi matenda. Kuopsa waukulu matenda - chikoka cha bilirubin pa maselo a mu ubongo, ndiye zingakhudze chitukuko maganizo a mwana kapena nkhanza zina ntchito: kulankhula, kumva, masomphenya kapena kugwirizana. Imfa ana akhanda panopa nyukiliya kwambiri ndipo kenako pafupifupi 50%.

Zakudya: Kodi ndi zomwe simungathe?

Nkofunika n'kudziphatika kwa zakudya anu, ngati muli matenda a chikasu ndiyo (zizindikiro). Akuluakulu, zakudya ayenera kukhala wodekha osati katundu ndulu ndi chiwindi.

Simungathe kudya: yokazinga, nyama stewed ndi nkhuku, nsomba ndi mankhwala pogwiritsa iwo (soups, phala, mphodza masamba ndi kuphika msuzi). Contraindicated mitundu aliyense wa zamzitini chakudya Nkhaka, ndi marinades. Confectionery ndi ophika buledi mankhwala, chocolate, tiyi, ayisikilimu, ndi zipatso wowawasa kapena masamba, ndi mazira. M'pofunika kuthetsa mafuta ndi okhala coarse CHIKWANGWANI zakudya ndi contraindicated mowa ndi zonunkhira. The zakudya sayenera otentha kapena ozizira.

Mukhoza kudya: mbale kuwala masamba, dzinthu, pasta, crackers ndi mkate bulauni, masamba mafuta ndi otsika-mafuta mkaka. Mu pang'ono akhoza kudyedwa steamed kapena yophika nkhuku, nsomba ndi nyama Taphunzira. Ndi wofunika zipatso.

kupewa

Choyamba, muyenera kutsatira miyezo munthu ukhondo, sambani m'manja bwinobwino asanayambe kudya ndi khutu ku kusankha bwenzi kugonana. Katemera motsutsana a chiwindi B sitidzachita matenda zosasangalatsa mmene muli matenda a chikasu ndiyo (zizindikiro) akuluakulu. Kodi kuchitira zizindikiro zimenezi, mankhwala amakono amadziwa, koma kumbukirani kuti mu malo oyamba thanzi lanu zimadalira inu. Matendawa nthawi kosavuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza ndi kuthana ndi zotsatira zake.