Matenda a m'mimba (amamuzidwe a amoebic): zizindikiro, zizindikiro, matenda ndi matenda

Matenda a m'mimba ndi matenda omwe amapezeka m'mayiko omwe ali ndi malo ochepetsetsa. Zimayambitsidwa ndi zamoyo zowonongeka - amoeba. Ndani ali ndi mwayi waukulu wodwala amoebiasis? Kodi matumbo a m'mimba amadziwonetsera bwanji, ndipo amachizidwa motani? Zambirizi zingakhale zothandiza kwa anthu oyenda paulendo kapena ulendo wautali.

Ziwerengero zina

Mwayi waukulu kwambiri wogwira matumbo a m'mimba amapezeka m'madera omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chokhala ndi umoyo wambiri, chifukwa matendawa amapezeka kudzera mwachinsinsi. Mayiko omwe ali kumadera ozizira ndi otentha a pansi amalowa m'dera loopsya. Ambiri amaulendo amabweretsa ubongo wamatumbo kuchokera ku India ndi Mexico. M'mayikowa, matenda akuluakulu pakati pa anthu. Komanso kuwonjezeka kwakukulu m'mayiko a ku Africa ndi South Asia. M'madera ena, kuyambira 50 mpaka 80% ya anthu akuvutika. Kotero, kupita kumayiko akutali, ndizosamvetsetseka kuti mudziwe zonse zokhudza Amebiasis - ndi chiyani komanso kuti musagwire matendawa, choyamba.

Mungathe kudwala ndi ambi m'mimba osati m'mayiko ovuta. Sizinthu zonse zosavuta ku malo a Soviet. Kufalikira kwa amoebiasis, ndithudi, kulibe mphamvu. Zimapezeka ku Armenia, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan ndi Turkmenistan.

N'zosadabwitsa kuti amuna amadwala matenda a m'mimba kuposa amayi. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti chilengedwe cha thupi la munthu kuti chikhale amoeba chili pamwamba. Malingana ndi chiwerengero cha deta, matumbo a amoebiasis amapezeka mwa wodwala mmodzi mwa khumi omwe agwira tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa. Deta yosindikizidwa ndi World Health Organisation imasonyeza kuti anthu oposa 480 miliyoni padziko lonse akunyamula amoeba. Chaka chilichonse amalembedwa m'mabuku okwana 50 miliyoni m'mimba komanso mitundu ina ya amoebiasis. Mwa izi, 2% mwa milandu imakhala yoopsa.

Amoeba ndi causative wothandizira m'mimba

Monga kale, chifukwa cha matenda ndi kamwazi amoeba. M'Chilatini, dzina la pulosiyiti iyi ya protozoan imakhala ngati Entamoeba histolytica. Subspecies ya dysenteric ya amoebae ndi yaing'ono kuposa amoebae wamba (Amoeba proteus). Iwo ndi mafoni ambiri, ma pseudopods awo (pseudopodia) ndi ang'onoang'ono mu kukula, koma ambiri. Chipinda chakunja cha cytoplasm chimachotsedwa kuchokera kumapeto kwa mkati.

Kuzungulira moyo wa kamwazi amoeba kumaphatikizapo mitundu itatu: minofu, luminal ndi cysts. Maonekedwe a minofu amapezeka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi amebiasis okha. Amagwiranso ntchito m'magazi a matumbo akuluakulu. Maonekedwe owunikira ndi makina amadziwika onse ogwira ntchito komanso odwala. Malo okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kamwazi amoeba ndikumtunda kwa m'matumbo akuluakulu. Ndiwo gawo lalikulu mu moyo wa kamwazi amoeba.

Kodi kachilomboka kakufala bwanji?

Matenda a m'mimba amagawidwa kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu. Kufalitsa kwa matendawa kwafika kale, ndipo pakali pano amawonedwa kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino, koma amakhalabe chonyamulira cha mankhwala. Madokotala amaganiza za m'mimba amoebiasis ndi giardiasis, komanso matenda ena a m'mimba, matenda otupa manja.

Kutumiza kumapezeka motere:

1. Wonyamulira ma cysts, kunyalanyaza malamulo a ukhondo, amawapatsanso kusamba, kulowa mu nthaka kapena m'madzi otsekemera (kusakanikirana kumachitika ndi nyansi zozizwitsa). Madzi amalowa m'minda ya masamba ndipo amathandiza masamba ndi zipatso. Munthu wathanzi amadya chimanga ndi masamba osasamba ndi zipatso.
2. Wonyamulira ma cysts samasamba manja ndi sopo pambuyo pa chimbudzi. Nkhumba zimasamutsidwa ku zinthu zilizonse, kuphatikizapo chakudya, chomwe chinakhudzidwa ndi manja onyenga. Munthu wathanzi, osasamba m'manja asanayambe kudya, amawombera, ndipo amafalikira m'matumbo.

Monga tanenera kale, njira yofalitsira imeneyi imatchedwa "oral-fecal".

Momwe matendawa amachitira

Cyst yowonongeka imadutsa matumbo akulu ndipo imadutsa m'ntchito yogwira ntchito. Koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti munthu amadwala matenda a m'mimba. Dysentery amoeba ikhoza kukhazikika mwakachetechete, kudyetsa zomwe zili mkati mwake. Pankhaniyi, munthuyo adzakhala chonyamulira chotsalira. The amoeba sichivulaza chikhalidwe chake, koma imatulutsa cysts kunja.

Ngati munthu alibe kusamvana kwa m'mimba kapena kufooka chitetezo cha thupi, ndiye kuti mawonekedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amawopsya. Amoeba imakhudzidwa ndi matumbo a m'mimba ndipo imadutsa m'matumbo. Pothandizidwa ndi kamwazi amoeba, matumbo a m'mimba amayamba kuchepa. Khalani pores owonekera, omwe amayamba kukhala zilonda. Kukula kwa zilonda pamakoma ndiposa 10 mm. Kupyolera mu zilonda m'magazi a wodwalayo mumapeza mankhwala a amoeba. Kuchepetsa khalidwe laukali la kamwazi amoeba kungakhalenso kupanikizika kwamuyaya, kudya kosasamala (njala) ndi kutopa komweku.

Zovuta za m'mimba zamatumbo

Zilonda zingakhale zakuya. Nthawi zina, "amadya" khoma la m'matumbo. Izi zimatchedwa perforation, kapena perforation ya chilonda. Matendawa amachititsa mavuto a matumbo a m'mimba, zomwe zili m'matumbo zimalowa m'mimba mwa m'mimba, zomwe zimachititsa peritonitis.

Zovuta zina zikhoza kuchitika ngati chilonda chimapangidwira pamalo opezeka mumadzi ambiri. Amatha kupangitsa kuti m'mimba muwononge magazi. Ndipo pakadali pano, njira imatsegukira kufalikira kwa mawonekedwe a amoeba mu thupi lonse ndi kutuluka kwa magazi.

Magazi amatenga tizilombo tosavuta ku chiwindi, ubongo ndi ziwalo zina (bronchi, mapapo ndi zina zotero). Kenaka amayamba kusasitsa kwa amoebic abscesses ngati mawonekedwe akuluakulu. Mwinamwake, ziphuphu zoterezi zidzawonekera pa chiwindi choyenera cha chiwindi. Zovuta izi zingayambitse imfa ya wodwalayo.

Zovuta zomwe zimayendera mazira a m'mimba zingabweretse chifuwa cha m'mimba, chotchedwa amoeboma, kapena chimfine cha colon. Izi ndizoopsa kwa moyo wa wodwalayo ndipo zimafuna chithandizo chofulumira.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Zizindikiro za amoebiasis (matumbo) zimadziwonetsera okha motere:

1. Wodwala ali ndi chitseko. Mu gawo loyambalo la matenda - mpaka 6 kasanu pa tsiku, ndiye - mpaka maulendo 10. M'zimbudzi, msuzi ndi zonyansa za magazi zimaonekera. Mu mawonekedwe osanyalanyazidwa, chopondapo chimasandulika kukhala minofu.
2. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, kutentha kwa thupi kumakhala mkati mwake, kenako kumatuluka mwamphamvu.
3. Wodwala amavutika m'mimba. Chikhalidwe cha ululu ndi kupweteka, kupweteka. Ndi chotupa, kukula kwa ululu kumawonjezeka.
4. Pali zowonongeka zotsutsa (tenesmus).

Zizindikiro za m'mimba zochepa za m'mimba zimaphatikizapo kuonjezera zizindikiro zapamwamba za kusanza, kunyoza komanso kusowa kwa njala.

Mtundu wambiri wamatumbo wamatumbo umatha mpaka masabata asanu ndi limodzi. Ngati chithandizocho chikaikidwa panthaŵi yake, ndiye kuti kuchira kwathunthu kudzachitika. Ngati chithandizo cha amebiasis sichinayambe kapena chasokonezedwa (chosokonezeka), zizindikiro zimatha, koma palibe kuchira. Wodwala amalowa nthawi ya kukhululukidwa, yomwe imachedweka kuchokera ku masabata awiri mpaka miyezi ingapo. Ndiye pali kubwezeretsedwa kwa amoebiasis ndi kusintha kwa mawonekedwe osatha. Pofuna kupewa izi, matenda a m'mimba mwa akulu ndi ana ayenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga.

Matenda omwe amapezeka m'mimba amatha

Mtundu wosatha wa matendawa ukhoza kukhala kwa zaka zambiri. Koma popanda chithandizo chokwanira kapena chosakhalapo, zotsatira zake n'zovuta kufotokozera. Zizindikiro za mawonekedwe osatha ndi awa:

1. Mwamuna amamva kukoma kosangalatsa ndi kuyatsa lilime, njala yake ikugwa. Nthawi zina zimatha, zomwe zimayambitsa kutopa.
2. Wodwala amatha kutopa, amamva kufooka kwathunthu. Sangathe kuchita ntchito yosavuta.
3. Pali kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa chiwindi.
4. Matenda a magazi amayamba, mlingo wa hemoglobin ukhoza kukhala wochepa kwambiri. Khungu limakhala lotumbululuka.
5. Pali ululu "m'matumbo".
6. Mapiritsi a mtima akuwonjezeka, kutuluka kwapachilendo kwapakati, kumakhala zizindikiro za mitsempha ya mtima.

Kawirikawiri maonekedwe amachititsa kuoneka kwa mavuto omwe angakhale oopsa.

Kuzindikira. Kusinkhasinkha kwazing'ono

Ponena za dokotala, wodwalayo akulongosola zizindikirozo, ndipo dokotala amapanga kukayezetsa ndi kupuma kwa mimba. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, dokotala amamva kutupa pang'ono kwa mimba, amapeza kupweteka m'mimba mwa coloni, amachititsa kuti chiwindi chikhale chokwanira (chifuwa chachikulu), chimakhala chotupa pamimba (ngati vuto la chiwindi cha amoebic).

Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi matumbo amoebiasis, matendawa amaphatikizapo kuyesedwa kwa ma laboratory. Choyamba, phunziro ili lachitetezo, kuchokera kumalo omwe smear amakonzedwa mwa njira imodzi:

1. Nthano zachibadwa, ndiko kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito chidutswa chaching'ono (madontho pang'ono a nyansi zamadzimadzi) pazithunzi. Kuwonjezera zizindikiro zofunikira, chidziwitso choyera chimapezeka, chomwe chimaphunziridwa pansi pa microscope. Kotero mukhoza kulingalira mitundu yamoyo ya amoebas (luminal ndi minofu) ndi ma cysts. Kuti mudziwe mawonekedwe amoyo, mfundozi ziyenera kukhala zatsopano, zisonkhanitsa maminiti 30 asanayese. Popanda kutero, amoebae amafa, ndipo zotupazo zidzakhala zabodza.
2. Njira yojambula malinga ndi Lugol. Pankhaniyi, nthiti yowonongeka imakonzedwa ndipo njira yothetsera ayodini ikuwonjezeredwa. Iodini imatha kuwonetsa maselo osokonekera.

Kusungidwa kwa sitolo sikungolinganiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kamwazi amoebae, komanso kukhazikitsa siteji ya matenda.

Kafukufuku wamagetsi

Pofuna kudziwa matumbo a m'mimba, njira zotsatirazi:

• Sigmoidoscopy;
• Ultrasound;
• Masewera a computed.

Matenda a Amoebic

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, amoebae anapezeka mu chitsime cha wodwala mu 1875. Izi zinachitidwa ndi wasayansi wa ku Russia F. A. Lesch. Ndipo mu 1883, katswiri wa sayansi R. Koch anazindikiritsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera m'mimba mwa zilonda zam'mimba ndi zilonda zam'mimba. Mu 1891 matenda atsopano a Amebiasis anaphatikizidwa m'gulu la matenda odziimira. Koma adapatsidwa dzina lakuti "amoebic wamwazi".

Ndikofunika kusiyanitsa kuti kamwazi kawirikawiri (shigellosis) ndi amebiasis - matendawa ndi osiyana. Pachiyambi choyamba, mbali zosiyana za coloni zimakhudzidwa. M'chigawo chachiŵiri, mbali zofunikira. Kuonjezera apo, kupweteka m'magazi kumakhala kumalo kumanzere kwa mimba, komanso m'mimba yamatumbo - kumanja. Matenda a Amoebic ndi shigillosis ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Katemera wamba amayamba ndi mabakiteriya a shigella.

Kuchiza kwa odwala akuluakulu. Njira yachikhalidwe

Mankhwala amtundu amakonda mankhwala a mitundu yochepa ya amoebiasis kunyumba. Njira yoopsa ya matendawa imafuna kutumiza kuchipatala cha matenda opatsirana kuchipatala. Chithandizo chachikulu cha Amebiasis ndi mankhwala. Mankhwala ogwira mtima kwambiri ndi Metronidozol, Trichopolum ndi Fazizhin. Awa ndiwo antiprotozoal ndi antimicrobial agents. Kuwonjezera pa iwo, nthawi zambiri amapereka mankhwala kuchokera kwa magulu ena:

• Mtundu wa amoeba umakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi: "Interseptol", "Mexaform", "Intextopan";
• Mitundu ya amoebae imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi "Ambilgar", "Dihydroethymine" ndi mankhwala ena;
• Mitundu yonse yamoyo yamagazi amoeba imakhudza mankhwala a tetracycline.

Matenda a m'mimba otchedwa amoebiasis saloledwa kumwa mankhwala. Mankhwala alionse ndi mlingo wawo akhoza kuuzidwa kokha ndi dokotala. Kusankha kwa mankhwala kumakhudza mtundu wa matenda ndi kuuma.

Povutitsa amoebiasis ngati mawonekedwe a mkati, wodwala angafunikire kuchitidwa opaleshoni.

Kuchiza kwa Amebiasis kwa ana

Amayi a m'mimba mwa ana amachiritsidwa kuchipatala. Ana amapatsidwa "Trichopol", "Fazijin" ndi (kapena) "Oleandomycin". Ndi zoperewera, opaleshoni sizimachitika kawirikawiri.

Thupi la mwanayo limataya mofulumira madzi, kotero liyenera kubwereranso pofuna kupewa kutaya madzi m'thupi. Kuwonjezera pa kubwezeretsa mlingo wamadzimadzi, m'pofunika kuyang'anira mlingo wa hemoglobin.

Ana ndi ovuta kwambiri kulekerera matumbo a amoebiasis, chifukwa amamwa mowa kwambiri. Komanso, amoebiasis a ana amachititsa kutentha kwa thupi.

Chithandizo. Mankhwala amtundu

Mu malingaliro awo abwino palibe amene angateteze m'mimba zamagazi ndi zitsamba ndi zomera. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochizira, monga kuonjezera kuchipatala, ndi kothandiza kwambiri.

Ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito adyo tincture. Kuti izo mu 100 ml ya apamwamba kwambiri vodika, finely kuwaza 50 g wa adyo. Tincture imakhala mumdima kwa masiku 14, ndipo imatengedwa ndi madontho a Kefir 15 katatu patsiku.

Kulowetsedwa kwa hawthorn ndi njira ina yabwino. Izi zimafuna zipatso zouma za hawthorn, pafupifupi magalamu 100, ndi makapu awiri a madzi otentha. Pamene kulowetsedwa kumatenthedwa, imasankhidwa ndikuledzera masana. Momwemonso, zipatso za nyanja ya buckthorn zimatenthedwa.

Mafomu a amoebiasis

Aliyense yemwe anadzifunsa yekha funso: "Amebiasis: ndi chiyani ndi momwe angachitire izo?", Tsopano dziwani yankho. Timaonjezeranso kuti, kuwonjezera pa matumbo a m'mimba, pali mawonekedwe owonjezera m'mimba komanso m'mimba. Kuchokera mu mawonekedwe owonjezera m'mimba iliyonse lirilonse la munthu limatha kuvutika, koma chiwindi chimakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri. Kuchokera ku zidutswa za zilonda zam'mimba zimapangidwira pamabowo, m'dera la anal, mu perineum kapena m'manja.