Matenda a Parvovirus kwa ana: zizindikiro, chithandizo, mavuto, zakudya

Mwatsoka, matenda opatsirana sangathe kuziona ngati m'chipani. mavuto ofanana ndi nthawi anakumana kuchita Dokotala. Malinga ndi maphunziro zowerengera, kwa tsiku, nthawi zambiri olembedwa matenda parvovirus ana.

Nthawi zambiri matenda ndi wofatsa. Komabe, chikhalidwe zikhoza kukhala zoopsa kwambiri. N'chifukwa chake makolo ambiri amachita chidwi mudziwe zambiri za matenda amenewa. chifukwa chake ndi chiyani? ndi zizindikiro woyamba wa matenda parvovirus chiyani? Kodi mavuto ena okumana pa mankhwala? Kodi pali miyeso ogwira njira? Mayankho a mafunso amenewa kukhala zothandiza owerenga ambiri.

Parvovirus matenda: ndichiyani?

Amenewa akuti mankhwala amakono ntchito kufotokoza pachimake nthenda yomwe limodzi ndi zotupa erythroid mafupa ndipo motero, matenda zosakhalitsa njira hematopoiesis.

Ambiri zambiri matenda matenda parvovirus ana. zizindikiro zake ndi osiyana ndi kuwuka kutentha ndi malaise ambiri ndi kutha erythema, arthralgias ndipo ngakhale mavuto aplastic. Koma akuluakulu monga matenda amapezeka kwambiri kamodzikamodzi.

The chikuchititsa mavuto a matenda

Tizilomboto parvovirus matenda - ndi parvovirus B19, m'dziko la banja la parvoviruses. Dziwani kuti yekha HIV kupsyinjika ndi oopsa kwa anthu. Mwa njira, nthumwi causative anapeza mu England mu 1975, pa kafukufuku magazi. Dzina "B19" Iye adalandira kuchokera chitsanzo seramu, kumene icho poyamba zokhazi.

HIV Izi ang'onoang'ono, m'mimba mwake wa zomwe si upambana 20-25 nm. Iye alibe chipolopolo kunja, ndipo amakhala ndi icosahedral capsid mawonekedwe. Kandalama mapuloteni akuzinga chimodzi "+" ndi chimodzi "-" chingwe cha DNA. Tikumbukenso kuti kupsyinjika uwu wa HIV kugonjetsedwa ndithu kwa malo kunja - tingathe kupirira kutentha ndi madigiri 60 kuti maola 16.

B19 HIV si yogwira poyerekezera ndi nyama. M'mikhalidwe zasayansi akhoza nakulitsa okha pogwiritsa ntchito erythrocyte kalambulabwalo maselo, amene anachokera ku mafupa a m'mafupa, umbilical chingwe, kapena yoopsa chiwindi.

Matendawa amapezeka pa nthawi iliyonse pachaka, koma kubuka kwambiri wamba mu chisanu ndi masika. Pa mliri mu masukulu ndi mabungwe ena onse kudwala za 20-60% ya ana. Komabe, ambiri matenda kumachitika popanda zizindikiro zilizonse noticeable.

kufala njira akadali asanamvetsetse. Akukhulupirira kuti mukhoza kachilomboko pa kukhudzana ndi chonyamulira cha matenda, koma ngati matenda ake ndi pa siteji ya viremia (virus wachulukitsa mwachangu zimakhala za). particles tizilombo anamasulidwa mu chilengedwe pamodzi ndi chinsinsi ndi ntchofu ku kapepala chapamwamba kupuma. Komanso, matenda akhoza opatsirana pamodzi ndi magazi kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana pa mimba.

Chifukwa kufala lonse la HIV, makolo ambiri lero ndi chidwi ndi funso zimene zizindikiro za matenda parvovirus limodzi. Chithandizo, zosokonezeka, kupewa - zonsezi ndi zofunika kwambiri kuti muyenera ndithudi kuwerenga.

pathogenesis kachilombo

Parvovirus matenda ana chimakula kaŵiri. Mu gawo loyamba pali yogwira HIV kugawanika kuledzera, komanso kusankha particles tizilombo mu chilengedwe (odwala zabwino pa nthawi ino amapatsa opatsirana).

Masiku atatu pambuyo matenda thupi kuoneka zizindikiro zosonyeza kuledzera, amene amafanana matenda wamba kapena ozizira. Makamaka, odwala amadandaula kuzizira, kutentha thupi pang'ono, kutopa ndi minofu ululu, kupweteka, pang'ono kuyabwa, kupweteka. Padziko nthawi yomweyo, panali kuchepa pang'ono mlingo hemoglobin, amene kumatenga masiku 7-10. Kuphunzira magazi Tingaone neutropenia wofatsa, thrombocytopenia ndi lymph.

Pambuyo pa 17-18 masiku pambuyo matenda ayamba gawo lachiwiri la matenda. Kubereka ndi HIV kudzipatula kutsazikana. 20-22 tsiku mwana akalandire khalidwe zotupa pa khungu ndi ngakhale patapita masiku angapo - ululu mu malo. Komano, zizindikiro zimenezi si mu nkhani iliyonse - zina ana akudwala monga matenda wamba.

Parvovirus matenda ana ndi akulu mu gawo lachiwiri limodzi ndi kupanga chitetezo yeniyeni - immunoglobulin M ndi G, maudindo omwe ali ofunika kwambiri matenda enieni. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ndi immunoglobulins G zasungidwa mu magazi kwa ndithu nthawi yaitali, nthawi zina kwa moyo. Laboratory maphunziro amati kuposa theka dziko lili ndi chitetezo izi, ngakhale kuti ambiri a iwo matenda wadutsa alipo sanadziŵe.

Odwala matenda magazi kwambiri, kapena immunodeficiency (kuphatikizapo HIV), kusamutsa matenda ndi zambiri zovuta. Nthawi zambiri ndi maziko a ntchito parvovirus anati chiwonongeko kwambiri m'mafupa chotero kuphwanya njira yachibadwa ya hematopoiesis kuti zinthu kufa. Komanso, odwala ndi akusowa wa njira chitetezo cha m'thupi si kutsazikana viremia, kugawanika tizilombo akupitiriza pamodzi ndi zotupa kwambiri za thupi.

opatsirana erythema

Parvovirus matenda ana (chithunzi) Kawirikawiri limodzi ndi maonekedwe a erythema. okhumudwa imatengedwa mawonetseredwe ambiri nthenda. Komanso nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "matenda chachisanu". dzina izi zinachitikira m'zaka 19 mochedwa, monga matenda ofanana anali mmodzi wa asanu ndi matenda ambiri opatsirana, amene anatsagana ndi mawonetseredwe khungu.

Nthawi zambiri, izo zikuwoneka ngati matenda parvovirus ana - ndi zotupa ndi mu mawonekedwe a mitundu yowala ndi mawanga lalikulu kuonekera makamaka pa masaya (chizindikiro Ichi chikudziwika ngati "mbama patsaya"). Nthawi zambiri, okhadzula maculopapular, koma nthawi zina zingakhale vesicular kapena hemorrhagic. Ana ena mosavuta kulekerera matenda, pamene ena amadandaula kuyabwa kwambiri. The totupa kufalikira mofulumira panthambi, koma nthawi zambiri Mwamsanga palokha patapita masiku angapo.

Komabe, pa wotsatira milungu ingapo, mukalandire kuphulika mobwerezabwereza. Nthawi zambiri izi zikuchitika ndi maziko zolimbitsa thupi, kutenthedwa, hypothermia, kusambira, kusintha zakuthwa nyengo kapena m'mikhalidwe zopanikiza.

Pachimake nyamakazi arthralgia ndi matenda

Pomwepo ndi ofunika kuti mwanayo ali ndi kachilombo parvovirus sikawirikawiri limodzi ndi matenda olowa. Komabe, vuto limeneli adakali n'kotheka, ndipo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu unyamata (atsikana sitichedwa zodabwitsazi).

kuwonongeka olowa angayambe onse pa maziko onse a matenda enaake, choncho mawonetseredwe ake okha. Kwambiri kawirikawiri anati kuwononga mafupa dzanja, dzanja, m'miyendo ndi mawondo, ngakhale chiphunzitso matenda zingachititse kutukusira kwa olowa iliyonse. Nthawi zina odwala ndi arthralgias, limodzi ndi m'mawa stiffness. Komabe, n'zotheka ndi kutukula nyamakazi.

Ndicho chimene zina ndi monga parvovirus matenda ana. mavuto amenewa, sakhala zikuphatikizapo kuwonongedwa kwa chichereŵechereŵe articular ndi zambiri Patapita masabata angapo okha. Nthawi zina ululu ndi stiffness zimfundo akhala kwa miyezi ingapo ngakhale zaka - mu milandu, zina matenda ndi achire miyeso.

mavuto aplastic

Parvovirus matenda nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha otchedwa mavuto aplastic. Ndi chikhalidwe wokongola oopsa, amene anatsagana ndi kusokonezeka kwa hematopoiesis yachibadwa. Pali zina anthu okhudzidwa kuphatikizapo Mwina mavuto ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Makamaka ngati chikhalidwe kaŵirikaŵiri anati odwala ndi aakulu hemolytic magazi m'thupi, autoimmune magazi m'thupi, thalassemia, fermentopathy. Zifukwa mulinso zenga magazi m'thupi selo ndi paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ndi cholowa microspherocytosis.

Kulakwila hematopoiesis - izi ndi zimene zingachititse ana matenda parvovirus. Zizindikiro za mavuto aplastic - ndi kuchepa magazi kwambiri, amene anatsagana ndi kufooka kwambiri, kugona, ndi Amowabu pallor a khungu. Mu phunziro, mungaone kuti maselo erythroid mu m'mafupa ali kwina. Nthawi zambiri pali dontho lakuthwa mu mlingo hemoglobin otsika, kuopseza zizindikiro moyo. Zikatero, n'zosatheka kuchita popanda kuika magazi.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti kulingana ndi mavuto aplastic pali yogwira viremia - ndi mavairasi chulukanani mofulumira, kulowa m'magazi ndi kugonjetsa zimakhala ena. Odwala matenda uyu ali ndi matenda.

Intrauterine matenda ndi mavuto ake

Zochita matenda ndi obstetric nthawi zina zinalembedwa parvovirus matenda yoopsa, zizindikiro zimene zindikirani ali ovuta kwambiri. Mwakucimbidza Dziwani kuti nthawi zambiri, matenda a mayi ali woyembekezera sichichititsa matenda a mwana wosabadwayo ndipo palibe mavuto pa mwana wosabadwayo alibe.

Komabe, chiopsezo awonongedwa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku zowerengera ndi ndemanga madokotala, nthawi zambiri kachilombo kumabweretsa mavuto choyamba kapena trimester wachiwiri wa mimba. Infection wa zimakhala yoopsa (mu normoblasts makamaka ndi erythroblasts) pafupifupi 13% ya milandu kuyambitsa kutaya mimba lachibadwa.

Pali ena mavuto ena. Against maziko a kukula matenda hydrops sanali m'thupi mwana akufotokozera. Mukhozanso kulandira magazi kwambiri ndi matenda a mtima, kudzetsa imfa ya mwana wosabadwayo.

Pa dzanja lina, ngati pamaso pa matenda n'zotheka kudziwa pa siteji oyambirira (ntchito ultrasound) ndi kukhala ndi mankhwala oyenerera, mwana wabadwa thanzi popanda mavuto aliwonse (zina zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo kukula, kunenepa ikuchedwa). Nthawi zina, mwana yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa matenda obadwa nawo magazi m'thupi ndi hypogammaglobulinemia, amene Komabe, n'zogwirizana ndi moyo ndi mankhwala.

Zikatero, ngati mayi woyembekezera ndi anakumana ndi anthu kachilombo, Ndi bwino kuchita mayeso zonse ultrasound, komanso kuti apereke magazi kudziwa mlingo wa alpha-fetoprotein ndi titer a chitetezo - zimathandiza kudziwa vuto pa siteji oyambirira, ndi kuonjezera mwayi wa kuchira bwino ndi wathunthu.

njira zamakono za matenda

Parvovirus matenda ana ndi akulu kumafuna matenda mokwanira. Choyamba, dokotala likamva mbiri ndi kuyesa. Chithunzi matenda mu nkhani iyi ndi ofanana ndi zina matenda ena, kotero onetsetsani kuchita mayesero zasayansi zina.

Makamaka, zitsanzo khalidwe magazi mwanayo ndipo zimakhala kuyeza titers wa immunoglobulins yeniyeni M ndi G. Monga ulamuliro, kuchuluka kwa IgM adzauka pa tsiku lachitatu pambuyo kutsegula kwa matenda a AIDS. Koma chinawonjezeka kuchuluka kwa immunoglobulin G zimawonedwa ngakhale chaka matenda. Pamene aplastic Sitiroko mu zitsanzo za anatsimikiza osati mkulu kuchuluka kwa mapulotini komanso HIV ndi DNA. Komanso, mafupa maphunziro amatha kudziwa erythroid hypoplasia ndi kukhalapo kwa erythroblasts khalidwe chiphona.

Mu matenda a matenda odwala immunocompromised ndi oteteza sichingapezeke, koma n'zotheka kuonetsetsa ambiri particles tizilombo.

Pamene izo zifika pa matenda a matenda intrauterine, pakufunika mokwanira mayeso ultrasound (kuthandiza kudziwa hydrops yoopsa). Ankachititsanso zasayansi kudziyesa magazi a mayi ndi madzimadzi amniotic pamaso pa DNA tizilombo ndi oteteza yeniyeni.

Parvovirus matenda ana: chithandizo

Mukadzaona ngakhale pang'ono kukayikirana cha kukhalapo ngati matenda ayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala. Only katswiri amadziwa mmene angakhalire ndi matenda parvovirus.

Dziwani kuti nthawi wofatsa, mwanayo ngakhale amafuna m'chipatala. Komabe, ayenera kuchepetsa kuyankhulana ake ndi anthu athanzi, monga gawo loyamba la matenda amatsanzira ndithu. bwanji mankhwala pa matenda parvovirus kunyumba ana? Komorowski, odziwika bwino dokotala, akuonetsa bedi zina. Mwanayo amafunikira kuti apumule, kumamwa kowirikiza madzi (kuthetsa zizindikiro za kuledzera). Koma yogwira sewero ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ali contraindicated. Makolo ayenera kutsatira malamulo a ukhondo, muzisamba m'manja pambuyo kukhudzana ndi mwana, amachita zonse chonyowa kuyeretsa, kusintha bedi nsalu ndi T. D.

Palibe gawo zosafuni- mankhwala ndi zakudya. Pamene parvovirus matenda mwana akusowa chakudya chamagulu wolemera mkulu-kalori ndi chakudya mosavuta zidyeke. M'pofunikanso kusamalira kuti mbale pano mu okwanira kuchuluka kwa mavitamini ndi mchere kuti ali anafunika kulimbitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi (onetsetsani kuti monga zipatso ndi masamba menyu). Komanso, chakudya ayenera kukhala wolemera mu chitsulo ndi nyama mapuloteni, monga matenda limodzi ndi magazi m'thupi ndi milingo hemoglobin kuchepa.

Monga ulamuliro, zizindikiro matenda zikawoneka okha patapita masabata 1-2. Komabe, nthawi zina, pamafunika mankhwala kutchula. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ntchito amafuna mkulu malungo mankhwala antipyretic ( "Aspirin", "Paracetamol" "Analgin" neri Al.). Ngati wodwala anayamba nyamakazi amene mupitirizabe kusonyeza zizindikiro masabata angapo, izo m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala nonsteroidal odana ndi yotupa ( "Ibuprofen", "diclofenac", "Nurofen" ndi zina zotero. N.).

Pankhani ya chithandizo cha odwala immunocompromised, n'zotheka mtsempha immunoglobulin muli chitetezo zenizeni kwa B19 HIV. Njira sasamalira mankhwala wathunthu, koma amathandiza kupondereza ntchito matenda. Aakulu aplastic mavuto kumasonyeza magazi selo lofiira magazi.

Mawonekedwe aakulu matenda parvovirus

Nthawi zina, ngati sanalandire chithandizo kapena zosayenera mankhwala amakhala aakulu pachimake mawonekedwe a matenda. Chotero boma ndi woopsa kwambiri, monga zizindikiro zake sakhala kutchulidwa. N'zovuta oterewa ndi kuchitira. matenda aakulu parvovirus limodzi ndi magazi m'thupi, lomwe limapezeka mu mafunde. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a matenda zimakhala chifukwa cha idiopathic mafupa aplasia erythroid fupa. Tayani matenda ndi kovuta. kuikidwa magazi ndi utsogoleli wa immunoglobulin zomwe zingawathandize kukhala thupi yachibadwa ntchito.

Njira yaikulu ya kapewedwe

Mwina kudziŵika kuti parvovirus matenda mwana ndi kwenikweni oopsa. Choncho makolo ambiri amachita chidwi ndi mafunso ngati njira zotetezera kulibe.

Tsoka ilo, pakalipano palibe katemera wa kachilomboka. Komabe, kuthekera kwa kupeza mankhwala osayambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa, koma ali ndi immunogenic katundu, ndi mwakhama kufufuza. N'zotheka kuti posachedwapa mankhwala omwewo adzawonekabe.

Nthaŵi zina, anthu atalumikizana ndi matenda akulimbikitsidwa kuti azichiritsidwa ndi immunoglobulin. Makamaka, njira zofananazi zimaperekedwera kwa amayi apakati, odwala omwe ali ndi matenda ochepa a magazi omwe amapezeka m'mimba mwawo. Komabe, mpaka pano, sanakhazikitsidwe kwenikweni ngati kupewa kotereku kuli koyenera.

Njira yokhayo yotetezera kachilombo ndiko kusowa kwa kukhudzana ndi othandizira matenda, omwe, mwatsoka, si ophweka. Kuonjezera apo, ndi bwino kutsatira ndondomeko ya ukhondo, makamaka kusamba m'manja mutatha kuyanjana ndi odwala, musadye, ndi zina zotero.

Odwala omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu, komanso omwe ali ndi vuto la aplastiki, ndi omwe amafalitsa matendawa. Ndicho chifukwa chake amafunika kuchipatala mwamsanga mu dipatimenti yopatsirana komanso kusowa kwachindunji ndi anthu odwala mpaka mapeto a chithandizo.