Mapangidwe a mawondo a mawondo

Bondo limodzi ndi limodzi mwa ziwalo zazikulu mthupi lathu. Kuthamangitsidwa kwa m'munsi mwendo sikungalembedwe. Zimapezeka pafupifupi 2% mwa odwala (poyerekeza ndi zina zosokoneza).

Mapangidwe a mawondo a mawondo ndi ovuta kwambiri. Bondo limapangidwa ndi mafupa achikazi ndi tibial. Kuchokera mchiuno mwa mapangidwe a bondo, condyle yamkati ndi yamkati ya ntchafu imakhudzidwa, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi intercondylar fossa. Pulogalamu yamakono imakhala yowonjezera. Malo opangira nsapato amapanga kanyumba kakang'ono kogwiritsa ntchito patella. Mwa njira, patella ndi fupa lalikulu kwambiri la sesamoid mafupa omwe ali mu tendon ya quadriceps minofu. Mbali ya caudal ya patella ili ndi mitsempha yambiri. Pakuyenda, patella imayenda motsutsana ndi mzimayi, ndipo ikayiyika iyo imakhala pamalo otetezedwa ndi intercondylar.

Pansi pa mwendo wakumunsi, mawonekedwe a mawondo amapangidwa ndi pamwamba pa tibia (yomaliza ndi yapakatikati condyle). Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti pamwamba pa mkatikati mwa condyle gawo ndi pang'ono concave, ndipo phokosolo ndilokhazikika komanso lalitali. Pakati pa zomwe zimaphatikiziridwa ndi makina otchedwa intercondylar elevation.

Mapangidwe a mawondo a mawondo ndi kusokonezeka kwa malo omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi tibia ndi femur amalipiritsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa mapepala osakanikirana omwe amapezeka m'madera omwe amadziwika ndi tibia. Mbalame yotchedwa cartilage yomwe imakhala ndi malo ake am'mbuyo ndi am'mbali imakhala pamwamba pamtunda wa intercondylar. Kuchokera kumbali yokhotakhota, mitsempha yopingasa ya bondo imagwirizanitsa menisci. Menisci ndi yoboola pakati, yomwe imakhala yochepa kwambiri ndipo imakhala yochepa kwambiri ndipo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi capsule yowonjezera, ndipo yamkati, yomwe imatsogoleredwa, imatanthauzira pang'ono. Pamwamba pamtunda wa meniscus ndizathyathyathya; Kusokoneza - kumakhala kovuta. Pachifukwa ichi, mawondo a bondo adagawidwa m'magulu awiri: m'munsimu - kugawanika (meniscus-tibial), chapamwamba (meniscus-femoral). Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwawo komanso kutsika kwake, menisci amasinthasintha pa malo osiyana a mawondo, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri biomechanics.

Mapangidwe a mawondo a mawondo amasiyana mosiyana ndi kuti ali ndi mitsempha yowonongeka, yomwe imayanjana, imagwirizanitsa tibia ndi ntchafu. Mbalame yamtengo wapatali imayambira kuchokera kumalo ozungulira omwe ali pamwamba pamadzi ndi kumtunda komanso pambali pamphuno yamkati. Mbalameyi imayambira pamtunda wa phokoso la ntchafu mpaka kumtunda wamkati. Menisci pamodzi ndi mitsempha yoperekedwayo imapanga ntchito za mtundu wa chisokonezo.

Mankhwala a Arthrosis ndi omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopweteka kwambiri, lomwe limakhudza pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya anthu padziko lapansi. Matendawa amatanthauza njira zowonongeka zomwe zimachitika mu hyaline cartilage. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yochotsera matenda, minofu ya pang'onopang'ono imawonongeka pang'onopang'ono, kuphatikizapo izi zimapangidwanso, kuphatikizapo, fupa lomwe limapangidwanso. Pankhaniyi, mphutsi zimapangidwira - mafinya. Ndi mapangidwe awo amamva kupweteka mu mgwirizano, kuyenda kuli kochepa.

Osteoarthritis of joints: mankhwala

Pali mitundu iwiri yothandizira odwala arthrosis - osamala komanso ogwira ntchito. Mwachidziwitso, mankhwala ochizira masewera olimbitsa thupi, masamba osambira asanagone, physiotherapy (UFO, mazira a diadynamic), kupaka minofu, magnetotherapy, mankhwala opatsirana okosijeni amachitidwa. Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti njira yosamaliramo njira yochiritsira ndi yopanda ntchito. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka ndi opaleshoni.