Matendawa khansa: Njira, ndemanga

Maziko chithandizo bwino matenda - matenda ake yake. Makamaka mfundo imeneyi yilungamitsidwa pamene chotupa pathologies, kumene kwenikweni iliyonse udindo wachiwiri. Mmodzi vuto ndi khansa. Chaka ndi matenda a khansa achinyamata okha. The kale dokotala adzatha kuzindikira izo, ndi apamwamba mwayi wa madokotala ananena zawo zabwino. M'nkhani lero mwatsatanetsatane njira yaikulu ya Kupeza Vuto khansa, ndipo fotokozani embodiments mankhwala ake.

satifiketi Medical

Khansa - chotupa chikhalidwe cha chotupa kuti akufotokozera mu zidutswa khungu minofu. Iwo anapanga kuchokera melanocytes - maselo udindo kusankha pigment ndi kubalana wa chinthu ichi. Iwo anazindikira anthu m'madera pachiopsezo cha thupi ndi ovuta kuchilango cheza ultraviolet. Tikuyankhula zokhudza nkhope, nthunthu ndi malekezero. Khansa ikhoza kupangidwa pamalo analipo nevus kapena kufalitsa kwa zidutswa mwangwiro wathanzi zaminyewa.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa ndondomeko pathological ndi kupanda pafupifupi ayankhe m'thupi. Choncho, chotupacho akufotokozera kwambiri ndipo ukuwonjezeka kukula. Chaka chilichonse amawapeza anthu pafupifupi 100,000. Mu dziko lathu, pali chizolowezi ndi kuwonjezeka odwala. Pankhaniyi, khansa nthawi zambiri zimakhudza anthu a zaka zapakati pa zaka 75 85. Ndi kwambiri amachepetsa nthawi ya moyo ndi zingachititse kuti imfa.

Malinga ndi zomwe zachipatala, pafupifupi 75% ya milandu n'zotheka kudziwa matenda pa siteji oyambirira chitukuko. Izi ndi zotheka osati chifukwa chaukali chithunzi matenda. udindo A m'kati chizindikiritso limabweretsa matenda oyambirira a khansa. Pofuna kuwasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya khansa ya pakhungu akhoza visualized. Komabe, kukafola mwa mapulogalamu mankhwala muyenera kudziwa za chotupa mudziwe zambiri. Kupeza zimathandiza kudziwa mmene ndi gawo la ndondomeko pathological kulosera, kupeza metastasis ndi D. mwatsatanetsatane zotero. Komanso zambiri embodiments yaikulu.

anamnesis

Medical mbiri - ndi siteji yoyamba ya matenda a pafupifupi pathologies onse. Iye anali kutanthauza kuphunzira zachipatala mbiri ndi mfundo kusonkhana wodwalayo. Malinga ndi zotsatira za mtundu katswiri kafukufuku akhoza kupanga matenda kuyambirira ndi kupatsidwa mapeto anaika kupenda.

Khansa chinkhoswe oncologist. Pa phwando woyamba nthawi zonse kafukufuku wodwala za zizindikiro olakwika. Kulongosola bwino oncologist matenda angathe kufunsa angapo kukambirana mafunso: pamene panali cholinga cha kutupa, zotsatira za zinthu zina unachitika chitukuko, etc ...

Kupeza Vuto khansa kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira kutengera za kumtundu. dokotala ndi kofunika kudziwa, milandu ngati matenda ena m'banja analembedwa apo. Chinthu n'chakuti pathologies oncological ali ndi khalidwe cholowa.

Kupenda thupi

M'kupita kwa kuphunzira zambiri za mawonetseredwe matenda a chotupa katswiri imapereka ziyenera Mkhalidwe wa magawo amafotokoza:

• kukula;
• structural zili;
• malire;
• mtundu pigment;
• pamwamba kapangidwe.

Komanso, dotolo amachita palpation wa inguinal, axillary ndi khomo lachiberekero lymph mfundo. Pamene khansa kufalikira, zotupa ake pathological makamaka kufalitsa kwa oyandikana mwanabele. Kuwonjezeka mu kukula - chizindikiro bwino khansa.

Mu Oncology amaganiziridwa matenda oopsa imatengedwa kuvomerezedwa matenda kuphunzira zoona za ziwalo zina, kumene zinthu zofanana ndi kupezedwa. pamaso pawo, odwala ambiri n'komwe. Monga neoplasm sekondale, chisindikizo mwina kuwonetsera zizindikiro zina ndi musandisokoneze. Angapo pathological zotupa - khalidwe enieni mawonekedwe a khansa.

dermoscopy

Iyi ndiyo njira ina si olanda za matenda a khansa. Iye sabweretsa chisoni mwamtheradi, kotero usaope cha mwai zachipatala.

Pa ndondomeko, dokotala amalandira zokhudza kakakulu chotupa ndi kuzindikira kukula kwake wapadera chida - ndi micrometer. Exploration poyera ngakhale ang'ono mapangidwe, kukula kwa omwe si oposa 1 mm.

Analysis magazi venous ndi capillary

Mungaphunzire zambiri za mmene thupi ndi magazi. Maselo onse khansa kubala mapuloteni yeniyeni. Awa amatchedwa zolembera chotupa. Anthu athanzi, iwo palibe.

Pankhani ya khansa zasayansi kudziwa tilinazo onkomarkery mapuloteni S-100. ndende yake yapamwamba mu magazi limasonyeza osati molondola kuika matenda kuyambirira, komanso kupitirira za ndondomeko pathological. Tikuyankhula zokhudza kukhala metastases m'thupi chimene chakhudzidwa ndi machitidwe ena mkati limba. Mu sitepe mankhwala ntchito ngati kusanthula dokotala limafufuza kulondola kwa osankhidwa mwatsatanetsatane mankhwala digiri yake dzuwa.

Mu dziko lathu matenda a khansa ndi kudziwa ndende mu mwazi wa zolembera chotupa ndi mlandu yekha. Kasamalidwe mtengo ndi mkulu mokwanira kuti wolungama pafupifupi 100% chifukwa zolondola.

Ntchito phosphorous nyukiliya

Masiyanidwe matenda a khansa anachita ndi zotakasika phosphorous. Bukuli lili ndi mavuto pa malo pathological disubstituted ndi sodium mankwala zimalembedwa nyukiliya phosphorous chigawo. dokotala wodwala zikusonyeza kumwa mankhwala m'mawa ndi nthawi pa chopanda kanthu m'mimba. Ndiye, ndi kukhudzana ndende anatsimikiza mtima radiometry isotopes chisindikizo kutanthauzira nthambi. Mlingo "a muyezo chotupa chija" chifukwa khansa imatengedwa kuti ndi muyeso atatu khola la kutengedwa pa chotupacho, ngati ife tikufanizira chithunzi ichi ndi malo a khungu labwino.

confocal wamamamayikirosikopu

Izi matenda si olanda a khungu khansa njira amalola kudziwa vuto pa siteji oyambirira a chitukuko. Iwo ikuchitika ntchito confocal wamamamayikirosikopu zida ndi ndende otsika fluxes infuraredi ray. Ntchito cheza mlingo ndi laling'ono kwambiri, chotero izo sizingakhoze zoipa m'thupi la munthu. Maso ikufotokoza lakunja wamkati ndiponso zigawo za zaminyewa ndiponso anafika poganiza bwino Baibulo la biopsy pafupifupi.

Kujambula ndi CT

Mbali yofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi matenda aliwonse khansa ndi oyambirira kudziwika metastases. Chinthu ndi kuti anafalikira m'dziko zotupa thupi zambiri kumachititsa wa zisadzachitikenso ndipo kumachepetsa kuti ziro odziŵa ayambe othamanga. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, lero ntchito Kujambula ndi CT.

Maginito kumveka kulingalira amadalira ntchito maginito amphamvu ndi funde utuluke nyukiliya. Chifukwa izi n'zotheka kuti chithunzi malo onse kotenga ndi yopingasa. Yopangidwa tomography limavumbulanso kukhalapo kwa metastases. Komabe, anamuthandiza nthawi anadza kwa Gawo kopanda kuti mfundo za kufalitsa zotupa sanayambebe anatsimikizira mwa thupi.

biopsy

Kumayambiriro siteji khansa zovuta kudziwa zowoneka. Biopsy limakupatsani kufufuza zinthu za zotupa ndi kudziwa mlingo wa chotupa chija ake. Pa ndondomeko, dokotala amapanga mpanda wa maselo chotupa kenako amafufuza pansi simungathe kutiona. Nthawi zina muyenera kuchotsa m'dera Muzisamala wa khungu kwathunthu.

Ngati chotupa chija zikutsimikiziridwa, kumvera kuchotsa osati khansa, komanso minofu pafupi. Pamene makulidwe a kuposa 1 mm, anamvera sentinel mfundo kung'ambika. nyumba amenewa amakonda metastasize. The ndondomeko pathological kumayambira mayunitsi alonda. Iwo pansi Kupenda pansi simungathe kutiona. Ngati maselo a khansa si katswiri pa apeza izi, matenda dongosolo lymphatic tsopano wathunthu. Apo ayi, mankhwala ena amapatsidwa (mwachitsanzo, mankhwala amphamvu).

Makinawa kudziwika matenda

njira wodzilamulira Kupeza Vuto khansa akhoza kukhala ndi njira yodalirika kudziwa matenda. Komano, kodi kuganizira izo ndi Sikuti. Wopitiriza kuwunika udindo thanzi kumachititsa la kuzindikira mwamsanga mavuto.

Cancer mukhoza kuzindikira ndondomeko ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

1. Maonekedwe a mawanga latsopano zaka kapena timadontho-timadontho pa thupi.
2. Kusintha mtundu wa nevus ndi zimenezi, a kuyabwa.
3. Discoloration a pigment ndi - khalidwe chizindikiro cha kusintha kwa ma.
4. Kusintha timadontho-timadontho malire. Iwo angachotsedwe sharpness awo ndi kukhala chachilengulengu ndi m'goli.

matenda oyambirira a khansa ndi chinsinsi chithandizo bwino. Choncho, kuoneka chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikirozi tatchulazi ayenera yomweyo kupempha thandizo kwa dermatologist a. Ngati mbiri banja la matenda anawapeza, m'pofunika ndi mwapadera kuti mkhalidwe wa khungu.

Views odwala

kuchita odwala chenicheni cha matenda a khansa chiyani? Reviews a njirayi, pali zosiyanasiyana. M'nkhani ino imalemba okha njira ambiri kudziwa matenda. Kusankha ndi zosinthika makamaka za kafukufuku ali nthawizonse dokotala.

mayankho abwino imakhudzana ndi njira si olanda. Pankhaniyi, odwala Samva kusapeza, koma njira okha ali sabweretsa chisoni kwambiri. Komabe, nkhani yekha pa siteji koyamba chitukuko matenda.

maganizo amakonda kulankhula pambuyo biopsy lapansi. Inde, ndi ndondomeko opweteka imagwiridwa pogonekedwa ndi mankhwala ambiri. Komano, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito molondola kudziwa mlingo wa chotupa chija kwa ndondomekoyi.

mankhwala analimbikitsa

Ndipo matenda ndi matenda a khansa sayenera sizikugwiridwa. Pambuyo pa kutsimikizira neoplasms ayenera yomweyo kuyamba chithandizo. Chithandizo strategy zimadalira siteji ya ndondomeko pathological. Mwachitsanzo, opaleshoni ikuchitika pa siteji oyambirira. Pa opaleshoni, dokotala amachotsa khansa, pafupi pa mtunda wa masentimita 1-3 minofu ndi subcutaneous mafuta. Cryodestruction njira matenda si ntchito.

Ngati metastases anali wapezeka mankhwala pa chipatala cha matenda a khansa, mankhwala kuti agwire walitsa ndi phwando mankhwala amphamvu ( "Tamoxifen", "Carmustine"). Izi ndi wothandizila m'malo poizoni, koma simungakhoze kuchita popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zawo. Mu yomweyi, kuvomerezedwa unachitikira immunotherapy.

Momwe mungapewere matenda?

Kupewa matenda a khansa aliyense yake wapezeka. Tsiku lonse la matenda a khansa umachitika chaka chilichonse pa 23 May. Pa gawo la dziko lathu m'mizinda yambiri kulabadira kwambiri kwa iyo. Mwachitsanzo, mu tsiku ili, mutha kutenga ufulu kafukufuku wa nevi ndi timadontho-timadontho pa thupi, kuphunzira za mlingo wa chotupa chija. Komanso, ambiri malo apadera mankhwala misonkhano ndi madokotala ndi akatswiri yopapatiza, amene amakamba za matenda ndi kuyankha mafunso kuchokera kwa omvetsera.

Paokha kupewa chitukuko cha khansa si yapafupi. Madokotala analimbikitsa m'chilimwe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodzitetezera kuti khungu, amene kumathandiza malowedwe a UV kunyezimira. Kuyambira sunbathing ayenera okhaokha nthawi kuchokera maola 12 kuti 16. M'pofunika kumvetsera kwambiri okha. Ndi zovuta nthawi yoyendera thupi kudziwa mapangidwe latsopano pa khungu ndi kuwunika udindo wa Ziphuphu zobadwa alipo.

Ngati mukukayika, bwino kukaona dermatologist kapena oncologist. Komanso musaiwale kuti pa May 23 - tsiku la matenda a khansa pamene aliyense angakhale ndi mosamala ufulu. Malinga ndi zotsatira, ndipo pakakhala akatswiri apadera nthawi atumize kupenda.