Akulimbana khansa mankhwala. akulimbana mankhwala mankhwala

Cancer - matenda zimene zingakhudze aliyense. Koma! Usaope napereka, chifukwa mankhwala si chilili. Latsopano zikuchitika ndi umisiri wa matenda kuoneka tsiku lililonse, ndipo mankhwalawa matenda oncological unachitikira pa mlingo yabwino.

Lingaliro la "khansa"

Cancer - njira imene maselo a thupi kukula ndi kugawa mosatonthozeka, kumera mu zimakhala moyandikana ndi ziwalo kupereka metastasis. Magwero a khansa panthawi si kwathunthu elucidated. zinthu kukulitsa ndi: zotsatira za carcinogens, kusuta, kukhudzana okhazikika ndi zinthu zoipa, matenda aakulu kuti limakhumudwitsa dongosolo maselo wathanzi, chibadwa, matenda m'thupi, matenda mawu immunological, alibe ya zotupa chosaopsa. Iye udzaononga khansa Morning, angiogeneznaya mankhwala akulimbana ndi cheza. Izi ndi mbali yokhayo njira zambiri ntchito mankhwala a odwala.

Fomu ndi siteji ya khansa

Morphologically, izi mitundu ya khansa:

- medullary-chilonda kapena kozungulira ngati mawonekedwe;
- scirrhoma;
- papillary carcinoma;
- infiltrative-anam'peza mawonekedwe;
- bowa khansara;
- Easy khansa.

gulu lonse amasiyanitsa:

- adenocarcinoma;
- Squamous carcinoma khungu;
- carcinoma undifferentiated;
- glandular carcinoma squamous khungu;
- ungraded khansa.

Palinso gulu ndi kulemekeza zotupa ankachitika. Kuyambira magawo amadalira mankhwala khansa:

- Gawo 1 - chotupa si masentimita oposa 2 awiri, osati kukula kupitirira malire a mucous ndiponso kupewa metastasis.
- Gawo 2 - The kukula chotupa ndi 4 mpaka 6 masentimita, akhoza kukula mu submucosa kapena akulu wosanjikiza, pangakhale umodzi metastases.
- Gawo 3 - chotupa analanda kale zigawo podserozny kapena serosal minofu, amakula ziwalo pafupi. Pali metastases angapo mu mwanabele. Pali zosiyanasiyana zosokonezeka.
- sitepe 4 - chotupa umalandira kukula chidwi ndi kubala metastases lomwe lakutali.

Chithunzi matenda ndi dandaulo chachikulu

Ngati tikulingalira chithunzi matenda, ndi yosiyanasiyana. Izi zidalira pa limba akhudzidwa, siteji, mlingo, ambiri thanzi la wodwalayo, komanso mlingo wa lability mankhwala. Kusiyanitsa nthaŵi za matenda ndi zizindikiro kugwirizana kwa iwo:

1. Early kapena koyamba nyengo. Odwala amadandaula kufooka, kusakhala ndi chilakolako, mofulumira kuwonda. Pamene chotupa cha isanafalikire mu phapo: youma sanali zipatso chifuwa, kufupika kwa mpweya, kupweteka m'chifuwa, kuchuluka thukuta. Ngati vutoli zokhudzana ndi mimba: kusanza, regurgitation, aakulu m'mimba magazi. The impso anakhudzidwa amapereka magazi mu mkodzo, zizindikiro za kuponderezedwa ndi psinjika a ziwalo pafupi.
2. Nthawi ya zizindikiro zoonekera matenda a matenda. Kukula zizindikiro zonse, akuchuluka chikhalidwe ambiri wodwala. Kodi ayambe metastasis.
3. Mapeto nthawi. The yovuta kwambiri ndi zovuta wodwalayo. kuwola dongosolo Pali khansa mbali imodzi ndi Mphukira ake yogwira mu ziwalo moyandikana ena. Angathe njira purulent ndi magazi chachikulu. Amakhudza misempha, pali imfa ya ntchito makamaka kwa thupi.

Matendawa ndi matenda

Matendawa ndi mankhwala a khansa m'nthawi yathu pa mlingo mkulu. Anapezeka ndi khansa, zochokera mfundo zotsatirazi:
- mndandanda wa mbiri deta;
- pa matenda chithunzi cha matenda;
- Diagnostics;
- zotsatira za mayesero zasayansi.

Nthawi zambiri ntchito X-ray matenda njira. A njira otchuka ntchito endoscopic biopsy. Kwa akatswiri matenda ndi echography ndi CT mapanga sikani. Chindodo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi makonzedwe a zinthu nyukiliya. Makamaka nkhani zikuluzikulu ndi maganizo amakakamizidwa kuti achite laparotomy matenda.

Njira mankhwala komanso ndi mphamvu zawo

Cancer mankhwala zimadalira zinthu zambiri monga chikhalidwe cha chotupa cha, malo ake, chikhalidwe onse wodwala, kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa zosokonezeka. The njira ambiri komanso zothandiza wa chithandizocho ankaona kuti opaleshoni. Timatha kuchotsa yense lonse la maselo chotupa ngati malo amalola kuchita izi. Kuchotsedwa osati chotupacho komanso minofu ozungulira. Ndi njira ya chithandizo amagwirizana wina lingaliro - chisamaliro palliative. Pamene Ndipotu wodwala kupezanso kwathunthu, koma n'zotheka kuchepetsa kukula chotupa ndi kuchepetsa mfundo ululu.

Mu malo chachiwiri pa kutchuka ndi moyenerera - radiotherapy. mankhwala uyu, amene wawononga kanthu kunyezimira dongosolo khansa. Komanso, pali a zotupa, ndi tcheru kwambiri kuti mtundu uwu wa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, liposarcoma ndi metastases ake. mankhwala cheza ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala amphamvu ndi opaleshoni. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pambuyo opaleshoni yekha kuchotsa metastases zotheka.

Morning

Cancer chithandizo ndi mankhwala - onse ndekha ndi osakaniza ndi njira zina - ndi chofala kwambiri. Morning ndi poizoni yeniyeni zimawononga mphamvu pa maselo a khansa, kumalimbikitsa chiwonongeko mofulumira. Kusiyanitsa cytotoxic (cell kupha) ndi cytotoxic (wotseka kukula) mankhwala amphamvu. Common ntchito mtundu oposa mmodzi wa mankhwala oncological, ndi kuphatikiza iwo mu zenizeni "zakumwa thanzi". Zimenezi mwayi wa bwino wothandizila kupha khansa. Mankhwala angathe kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha, zokayikitsa ntchito piritsi mawonekedwe. Nthawi yapadera, mankhwala ndi kutumikiridwa intrathecal mankhwala amphamvu njira (mu madzimadzi msana) kapena mwachindunji pansi pa khungu. Izi zidalira pa nkhani munthu wa matenda.

Zabwino ndi zoipa mbali mankhwala amphamvu

odwala ambiri amaopa njira amatchedwa "mankhwala amphamvu". Reviews amati zimenezi chifukwa ambiri mavuto ndi mavuto akuwuka pa nthawi yolandira chithandizo.

Chifukwa maselo wathanzi zowawa pafupifupi thupi lonse, odwala maso mavuto ambiri:

- tsitsi imfa;
- kusintha zikuchokera magazi;
- mavuto matumbo;
- mucous nembanemba;
- nseru;
- kusanza;
- akuvutika chiwindi ntchito, omwe amakakamizidwa pokonza ndi poizoni onse ndi zinyalala mankhwala;
- amachitanso chimodzimodzi amapezeka ndi impsozo;
- zikuchepa yafupika chitetezo chokwanira ndi zina zotero.

Onani mbali zabwino za ndondomeko monga mankhwala amphamvu. Mayankho odwala amene achitiridwa njira imeneyi, kuonetseratu kuti m'pofunika kupirira mavuto obwera chifukwa cha wolakwayo. Complete mankhwala kapena kwambiri kuchepetsa chotupa - izi ndi zotsatira zimene zingakhale kukhuta.

khansa mankhwala akulimbana: sitepe kwa thanzi

Posachedwapa, njira yatsopano ya mankhwala a zotupa khansa. Izi akulimbana mankhwala. Izi atsopano chitukuko wapadera, cholinga kulimbana khansa. Kusiyana khalidwe pakati njira akulimbana mitundu ina yaikulu ya mankhwala lagona pa chitetezo chake mtheradi poyerekezera ndi maselo thanzi la thupi. Komanso, mankhwala limapereka chiwonongeko kwambiri mofulumira maselo zoipa. Chifukwa cha kuphunzira yaitali ndi kumvetsa njira ya mapangidwe ndi kugwira ntchito kwa zotupa khansa kukhala mankhwala makamaka bwanji malo kukula selo. Kachiwiri, mankhwala akulimbana - ndi wodziimira mtundu wa mankhwala ndi Kugwirizana kwa njira zina thanzi.

Mwatsoka, monga njira nzeru kulimbana khansa ali ndi mavuto odwala. Ngakhale zilibe ntchito pa mfundo za mankhwala amphamvu chakale, zinthu izi anagwiritsanso ndi nthenda yotaya magazi m'thupi. Pa dzanja limodzi, izi zipangitsa kuti ogwira polimbana ndi metastases lakutali. Pa zina - ndende amachepetsa malo oyenera. Nthawi zambiri mtundu wa mankhwala tableted kulola mtima kukhalabe kunyumba ndi kupitiriza mankhwala bwino. Taonani zotsatira za mankhwala akulimbana zinachitikira ena mitundu ya khansa.

Kuti, kudzera mwa zimene wagonjetsedwa khansa

Ngati tikambirana akamanena za khansa, chifukwa kuno ndi kusintha VHL mbewu. Kafukufuku zimayambitsa kuchuluka katulutsidwe mapuloteni, amene amalimbikitsa kukula kwa maselo a khansa. Kukonzekera ayenera kuti ndigwire kukula ndi chitukuko zina chotupa cha. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi ntchito formulations lino, "Votrient", "Nexavar" ( "Sorafenib"), "Sutent", "Bevacizumab" ( "Avastin") "Everolimus" ( "Afinitor"), "Aksinitib" ( "Inlita "). Iwo ntchito ngakhale mu magawo lotsiriza la mankhwala. Mwatsoka, wokonzeka kuoneka zochitika oipa amenewa monga matenda oopsa, kutsekula utithandize tilinazo malekezero. Tiyeni tilingalire mankhwala mwatsatanetsatane akulimbana mankhwala.

• Mankhwala "Sorafenib" ( "Nexavar") - bwino kubweza kukula kwa conglomerates khansa. Midadada angiogenesis ndi ntchito kwa yobwezeretsanso tinthu kukula. Izo zinabala mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi. Mungapeze mavuto: zotupa m'mimba, matenda oopsa, edema ndi kutopa.
• Amatanthauza "Bevacizumab" ( "Avastin") - jekeseni kudzera m'mitsempha. Wangwiro achigonjetse kukula kwa mitsempha kuti latsopano. Kawirikawiri pamodzi interferon-Alpha. Izi timapitiriza khalidwe chisamaliro. Iwo bwino analekerera ndi odwala, matenda oopsa pang'ono ndi magazi kuundana.
• Mankhwala "Everolimus" ( "Afinitor") - ukuyenda bwino kutsekereza mapuloteni mTOR. Amatengedwa kamodzi patsiku mu mawonekedwe piritsi. Ntchito kulimbana ndi khansara mu magawo poipa kwambiri mankhwala. Mwatsoka, ambiri mavuto.
• Mankhwala "Temsirolimus" ( "Torisel") - wodwala amalandira kudzera jekeseni mtsempha. N'chimodzimodzinso zotsatira zake ndi mavuto ndi njira m'mbuyomu.
• Mankhwala "Sunitinib" ( "Sutent") - bwino midadada ntchito zina kinases tyrosine. Pasanathe amalembedwa mavuto, koma chithandizo chabwino pang'ono poyerekeza ntchito mankhwala ozunguza bongo.

ndemanga zabwino

Akulimbana mankhwala ntchito mankhwala kale anathandiza anthu ambiri ndi khansara. The ndemanga kwambiri positive. Odwala amati kuchepetsa zizindikiro unkachitika pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo. Kumva bwino, ndi mavuto si mukusautsika nthawi yonseyi mankhwala. cholinga ambiri pa njira ya chithandizo chosonyeza ku chipatala - ndi yabwino ndi thupi lathanzi ndiponso maganizo mosavuta wodwalayo kupirira mavuto pa matenda kunyumba kuposa mu kuchipatala kuchipatala. Popeza mankhwala ambiri alembedwe piritsi, nawonso amaona odwala monga mayiko a. Ambiri amasangalala kupeŵa ululu komanso nkhawa.

Akulimbana mankhwala ndi khansa impso

Mu nthawi yathu, matenda mbiri ya khansa zokhudza dongosolo genitourinary, tingaupeze iliyonse chachinayi. Cancer - matenda aakulu, mwamakani, ukulimbana ndi thupi la munthu. Ndi kusiyana mofulumira, ndipo zimakhudza thupi kumva kwa miyezi matendawa. Cancer chithandizo odwalawo ikuchitika kuyang'aniridwa ndi oncologist ndi, urologist. Muli chithunzi mmene matendawa: magazi mu mkodzo, limba kukanika, ululu komanso ululu impso. odwala ambiri lero zathandiza kuti mankhwala akulimbana mankhwala. Kumvetsa zotsatira za mankhwala akhoza kukhala bwino, muyenera kumvetsa limagwirira ndalama izi.

Lothandiza: chotupa kukula zimadalira kuchuluka kwa zakudya ndi kupezeka oxygen. Zimenezi zikugwira makamaka khansa akhudzidwa impso. Mankhwala akulimbana njira kufunafuna yekha maselo a khansa ndi kuchita pa zimagwirira maselo imene magawo "zoipa" maselo, inhibiting kukula chotupa ndi kuuononga. Akulimbana mankhwala khansa aimpso Ubwino:

- sayenera hospitalize wodwalayo;
- kukonzekera angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa matenda a okalamba;
- mankhwala mabasi selo magawano ndi kukula chotupa ndi;
- mawonetseredwe mavuto zokwanira basi kuchepetsa mankhwala ankadya.

Therapy kwa M'mapapo Cancer

nkhani ina yofunika kwambiri dziko la Oncology zoweta imalimbikitsa khansa ya m'mapapo. mankhwala zoipa mafakitale, kusuta, carcinogens ndipo amathandiza kuti matenda aakulu kufala lonse la maselo a khansa mu dongosolo m'mapapo minofu.

Akulimbana mankhwala a khansa ya m'mapapo ndi zikuluzikulu ndi wotchuka kwambiri mankhwala. Mankhwala bwinobwino Zimakhudzanso khansa ya m'mapapo, - zoletsa wa kinases EGFR tyrosine chamtendere, amatanthauza "Erlotinib" ndi "Gefitinib." Komanso mtengo kutchula chitetezo monoclonal ndi EGFR - «Tseruksimab" mankhwala ndi "Panitumumab". Osachepera diskomfotra ndi zotsatira kwambiri mwamsanga - kuti ndicho chachikulu cha ndemanga za mankhwala.

khansa ya mmimba

khansa chapamimba amatanthauza matenda ndi njira akumane kwambiri ndipo zotsatira zake. Matendawa zambiri m'kati mofulumira kwambiri. The ululu zokumana nazo mtima ndi zambiri mavuto.

Makamaka, akatswiri akwathu anayamba ntchito njira imeneyi ya mankhwala khansa ya mmimba Kuwavutitsa mankhwala. Mankhwala bwino kwambiri akhoza otchulidwa amatanthauza "Imatinib" ( "Glivec") ntchito chotupa conglomerates thirakiti m'mimba. Kumaphatikizaponso kukonzekera ndi "Rituximab", umene ndiwo kwenikweni ndi khansa chapamimba, ndi mwambo lymphoma sanali Hodgkin a. Komanso mankhwala "Herceptin" omwe anakopa khansa.

khansa mankhwala akulimbana - ndi luso lapadera. Uwu ndi mwayi wina kwa anthu kupambana zimene zikuwoneka pa mphindi chilango cha imfa - khansa.