Matumbo amebiasis: matenda ndi mankhwala

matumbo amebiasis: ndichiyani? Ndi zofala nthenda yomwe limodzi ndi chotupa chachikulu cha chubu m'mimba, komanso ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe pambuyo ndondomeko generalization. Ichi ndi choopsa kwambiri pathological ndondomeko zimenezi zingawachititse imfa.

tanthauzo

matumbo amoebiasis - matenda amene amayamba ndi tizilombo mitundu Entamoeba histolytica. Izi chamoyo yosavuta ambiri m'mayiko zanyengo chinyezi ndi kutentha. Komanso, m'mayiko ili mu kotentha ndi mayiko, mlingo wochepa kwambiri chisamaliro chikhalidwe, matenda kotero matumbo zimachitika kwambiri pa anthu. Ichi ndi mwachangu matenda onse a mayiko lachitatu dziko.

Kuti timvetse mmene zoopsa amebiasis anthu, ndikofunika kudziwa kuti iye ndi yokha ndiyo imfa malungo. Pafupifupi theka la biliyoni anthu m'dzikoli ndi onyamula Entamoeba histolytica. peresenti khumi a iwo zizindikiro matenda, ndipo anthu ngakhale pa twente kukubwera imfa ku matenda popanda mawonetseredwe woyamba wa matendawa.

The zonse kusamuka kwa anthu a m'mayiko osauka kuti IMATHANDIZIRA olemera kufala kwa tizilomboto ndi kuchuluka odwala. Mu Russia mogwirizana ndi emigration ku mayiko Middle East, matenda anakhala ambiri.

etiology

Matumbo amebiasis chifukwa cha minofu-Kutha kapena kamwazi amoeba, amene amakhala ndi lumen wa wandiweyani intestine anthu. The amoeba pakhale m'njira zitatu: enaake, minofu, ndi luminal precystic.

1. Minofu mawonekedwe imapezeka odwala mu gawo pachimake matenda ndi kokha zimakhala intestine, koma osati m'manyi. Ndi wamfupi amoeba, lomwe ndi zofewa ndi ectoplasm endoplasm osati munali organelles. Limayenda mu thupi mothandizidwa ndi prolegs. Izi mawonekedwe akhoza kuyamwa maselo ofiira a magazi, komanso michere The anamenyedwa kumuthandiza kulowa mucosa ndi submucosal wosanjikiza intestine lapansi. Izo zimayambitsa necrosis a zimakhala ndi zironda.
2. mawonekedwe Luminal zimapezeka lumen ya m'matumbo. Izo wakudya mabakiteriya amene amapanga zomera wabwinobwino wa munthu, komanso minofu detritus chifukwa ulceration lapansi. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka anthu amene akuvutika ndi mtundu pachimake cha matenda kapena zonyamulira. Makulidwe kayendedwe ake ang'onoang'ono ndi pang'onopang'ono kuposa minofu.
3. Precystic kupanga kusintha ndipo imapezeka mu mtundu wa amoebae. Kugonjetsedwa ndi njira disinfection ndipo mwamsanga akamwalira kunja asilikali.
4. Cysts ndi matalala mawonekedwe dysenteric ameba. Choncho akhoza kukhalapo mu chilengedwe. Izi maselo wozungulira colorless kuti ndi mitima anayi ndi vacuole. mawonekedwe izi zimapezeka mu nkhani matumbo ndipo convalescent zonyamulira.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

matumbo amebiasis - izo anthroponotic matenda. Kuti ndi wothandizila causative miyoyo mwa anthu okha ndipo imafalikira amapatsirana. Limagwirira cha kufala kwa fecal-m'kamwa njira HIV angakhale osiyana :. mwa madzi, chakudya, katundu wa m'nyumba, kapena kukhudzana "khungu ndi khungu" Munthu amene ali chotengera, mwina tsiku lililonse anapambulwa pa thupi mamiliyoni cysts ndi zingakhale kupatsira padziko lonse. mawonekedwe amoebae tingakhale yotheka panja kuposa mwezi umodzi, ndipo pa kuzizira - mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Dinani madzi tizilomboto amakhala kwa miyezi iwiri, ndi padziko nthaka - zosakwana masabata awiri.

Adotolo amayesa matenda mwamsanga matumbo amoebiasis kungakhale. Zizindikiro amai ndi ana zikukwaniritsidwa mofulumira, ndi matenda ndi zovuta. Choncho, anapatsidwa mphamvu ya isolations thupi ndi kukhazikika awo mu malo kunja, m'pofunika kusunga bwino munthu ukhondo ndi kuchita zonse yonyowa yoyeretsa ya malo ndi disinfectants.

kuwanda

matumbo amebiasis ndi ambiri, kaya nyengo kapena mtundu. M'mayiko otentha, kuchuluka kwa milandu pamwamba, komanso m'mbali zina zamatenda ichi ndi zachilendo. Kufala kwa matendawa kumathandiza kuti osauka chikhalidwe ukhondo wa anthu ndi osauka zinthu ukhondo: pakalibe kotunga madzi chapakati, mwadzidzidzi zinyalala deta ndi kukonza m'ngalande.

Chiwerengero cha anthu amene ali ndi tizilomboto, ndipo n'komwe za matenda awo, nthawi zambiri kuposa chiwerengero cha anthu amene aona zizindikiro matenda. M'mayiko ena chithunzi ichi limatuluka peresenti makumi anai a anthu. Mu nyengo kotentha olembedwa ayi zochitika. mabuku limafotokoza inayamba amoebiasis zoikamo m'ndende komanso m'chipindacho.

Mu CIS amoebas mayiko Sola, amakonda kukhala anthu ndi kamene kamawononga chitetezo m'thupi, m'majakisoni owerenga bongo ndi odwala AIDS. tizilomboto kufala zidzachitika sitiroko ofunda.

pathogenesis

matumbo amebiasis - ndichiyani? Izi ndi matumbo matenda waukulu umene akufotokozera mu zotupa ya m'matumbo. Kukula kwa matendawa chifukwa katundu wa tizilomboto lapansi. Pambuyo Pomeza munthu cysts izo poyera kuti malo acidic za m'mimba ndi yaing'ono intestine michere napereka mu mawonekedwe vegetative.

chotupa Amene atembenukire amoebas eyiti, amene kusunthira mu zigawo chapamwamba ya m'matumbo. Ngakhale chitetezo anthu limaleka kubalana misa amoebas, iwo alibe zimapezeka: kudya tizilombo chyme. Koma ngati zochitika ayamba loipali, mwachitsanzo, ndi kuphwanya acidity, matumbo choipa khoma, mkhutu peristalsis, zikamera mphutsi kapena nkhawa, tizilomboto akuyamba mwachangu zikupitiriza ndi kudutsa kuchokera lumen wa chubu m'mimba mwa khoma lake.

Tiziromboti zimatulutsa protease, hemolysin ndi michere ina kuti awononge minofu ndi kuthandiza tizilomboto kudutsa mu mkati mwa thupi. Neutrophils (minofu macrophages) akuyesera kuti chimulikhwire amoebae, koma m'malo ndi kusungunuka ndipo anachira monooksidanty kuti tizikonda kutupa ndi necrosis. M'madera pali kusanganikirana zilonda salembedwa tizilombo ndi tizilombo microflora, nthumwi causative wa likumira mapeto a minofu ndi kuchulukana kwambiri. Popeza cholinga chachikulu kapena kupangidwa ndi abscess.

Pa nthawi tidutse ndipo mu malo ake anapanga chilonda m'mbali podrytymi ndipo necrosis pakati. Mucous akuyesa kutseka chilema ndi minofu yatsopano, ndi granulation. Pomaliza, pali mucous fibrosis, amamuyambitsa timabala ndi strictures. Abscesses sizimaoneka nthawi yomweyo. mungapeze onse atsopano zilonda lamaliseche pa mucosa ya m'matumbo ndipo ali Epithelialising ndi zipsera.

Zilonda kungakhale tatikulu kwambiri moti mkatikati mwa unyinji wonse wa pakhoma, ndipo kungakhale chifukwa cha limba perforation ndi peritonitis ndi magazi m'mimba. Izi zimathandiza kuti generalization matenda ndiponso kusamuka kwa amoebas kudzera m'magazi ziwalo zina ndi zimakhala.

zizindikiro

The World Health Organization limatchula njira zosiyanasiyana, omwe angathe matumbo amebiasis. Zizindikiro za aliyense wa iwo mwachilungamo pathognomonic, kotero matenda sayambitsa mavuto kwambiri mankhwala.

Dysenteric matenda a m'matumbo. Mawonekedwe ambiri matenda. Pali onse pachimake ndi mitundu aakulu otaya. Nthawi makulitsidwe - milungu iwiri kwa miyezi inayi. The chizindikiro chachikulu - m'mimba. Choyamba, asanu pa tsiku, koma ndiye mlingo ukuwonjezeka kwa nthawi makumi awiri kapena kuposa ndowe kuoneka kusakanizikana kwa magazi ndi ntchofu. M'kupita kwa nthawi, ndowe kukhala ngati rasipiberi odzola. Madandaulo kupweteka, kutentha kapena kutopa munthu sangosonyeza. Koma ngati aakulu mwina cramping ululu ufulu pamimba m'munsi (zambiri amasokonezeka ndi kutupa kumapeto), ndi kutentha.

Pachimake ndondomeko kumatenga zosaposa masabata asanu, kenako nthawi ya chikhululukiro. Nthawi zina amapita kuchira, koma ndi m'chipani. Kawirikawiri, patapita miyezi ingapo, nthendayo adapitiriza, koma kale mu mawonekedwe aakulu. Popanda mankhwala, ndondomeko yachedwetsedwa kwa zaka. Matenda amoebiasis akhoza kugawidwa mu njira kobwereza ndi mosalekeza.

Nthawi ya matenda kobwereza pa nthawi imene kuchotsedwa exacerbation smeryayutsya, koma zizindikiro si akuyesedwa, ndi pokhapokha zochepa kutchulidwa (pa mlingo wa matenda a m'mapapo sutulu). Pa exacerbation kamwazi osati kutentha thupi zayamba amasintha kuoneka ululu m'mimba, pafupipafupi maulendo ku chimbudzi (poyerekeza ndi chikhululukiro). Mosalekeza kwa amasonyeza onse kuchuluka zizindikiro matumbo, maonekedwe a magazi ndi ntchofu m'manyi.

Yaitali Inde matendawa kwambiri depletes odwala, iwo anati magazi m'thupi, kuwonda mpaka cachexia, zizindikiro asthenovegetative.

owonjezera matumbo amoebiasis

Malowedwe protozoan tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'thupi angasonyeze osati monga amoebiasis matumbo. Zizindikiro za matenda zikhoza kukhala zofanana kwambiri ndi matenda tingachipeze powerenga, komabe iwo amayamba ndi tizilomboto chomwecho. mawonekedwe Extraintestinal kumachitika pamene amoeba akulowa makope zokhudza zonse. Nthawi zambiri chandamale limba wobwezera chiwindi, m'mapapo kapena ubongo.

abscesses kukhala matupi tatchulawa. pamaso zotsatira zawo kuchuluka chiwindi ndi kutentha liukitsidwa manambala mkulu (39 kapena kuposa), ndi m'munsili kuzizira, thukuta (makamaka usiku). Ngati chopinga amphamvu ntchito chiwindi angaoneke jaundiced. Nthawi zina abscess zimaphulika pa kabowo kapena anasungunuka nkhani zake kuti patsekeke pleural. Izi amakwiya mapangidwe empyema, m'mapapo abscess, ndi atelectasis.

matumbo amebiasis ana

Pakati pa milandu ndipo onyamula Entamoeba histolytica ana ambiri, chifukwa iwo alibe kusunga malamulo a ukhondo ndipo nthawi zambiri zauve. Komanso, ali wofooka chitetezo. Munthu aliyense wamkulu kuposa zaka 5 kumachitika matumbo amebiasis. Zizindikiro, mankhwala ndi matenda si wosiyana kwambiri ndi wa akuluakulu. Matenda mawonetseredwe anasonyeza amtengo, kutentha kwambiri yachibadwa, kupatula otsika kalasi. Kutsekula m'mimba ndi cramping mu chikhalidwe, pali milozo mu magazi m'manyi ndi ntchofu. Chiwerengero cha changu siyana kuchokera nthawi 2 15 patsiku. ululu m'mimba mwina kwina chifukwa cha kupanda ungwiro wa mantha dongosolo wa kamwanako.

Dokotala zingakhale zovuta oterewa amebiasis zizindikiro m'mimba mwa ana anangotengeka ndipo ananamizira ngati matenda ena matumbo. Choncho muyenera mosamala kusonkhanitsa anamnesis, kuti mwachindunji nthawi ulendo, ndi kukhalapo zizindikiro mu makolo.

diagnostics

Akuluakulu kumakhalanso ndithu nthawi yambiri matenda "matumbo amebiasis." Matendawa amayamba ndi mndandanda wa mbiri AIDS. Kukhala zinthu, pamaso pa anthu wodwala chilengedwe, kupita ku Asia Southeast m'mbuyomu posachedwapa unathandiza kwambiri mu matenda angathe tizilomboto ndipo akhoza oyendetsa dokotala m'njira yoyenera.

Matenda zikuluzikulu labotale kuphunzira chopondapo ndi m'matumbo zimakhala, abscesses zili mu chiwindi ndi mapapo. matumbo amebiasis matenda anatsimikizira ndi kukhalapo mu chuma cha mitundu vegetative a kamwazi amoeba. Pofuna kukhala diagnostics ogwira kafukufuku ikuchitika mobwerezabwereza, kuyambira tsiku loyamba la matenda kapena kuvomera wodwala ku chipatala. Pozindikira mitundu basi luminal ndi chotupa si maziko okwanira kwa matenda.

Ngati zotsatira zoipa parasitological kuphunzira kapena wosanganiza, ndiye sitepe yotsatira ndi chiphunzitso mayesero serological kwa kudziwika antigens kapena chitetezo kwa tizilomboto mu magazi wodwalayo. Matenda muyezo ndi kuwonjezeka wochitachita mu oteteza titer mu kanayi kapena kupitirirapo mlingo pachiyambi.

Kuyambira zofufuza malangizo anagwira chiwindi ultrasonography, radiography, kompyuta tomography kapena kumveka maginito tomography. Izi ndi zofunika kudziwa foci owonjezera matumbo.

chithandizo

Madokotala sali zambiri kudikira mpaka adzakhala anapezeka ndi "amoebiasis matumbo", chithandizocho anayamba nthawi yomweyo munthu afika ku chipatala. Poyamba anali symptomatic: limabwezeretsa imfa ya madzi ndi electrolytes m'nsinga kutumikiridwa mankhwala, kugwira nawo ntchito ya mtima ndi mapapo. Ngati pali malungo, izo yafupika manambala zovomerezeka. Pambuyo kupeza matenda okhazikika chikugwirizana ndi mankhwala enieni.

Ngati munthu ali chonyamulira cha amoebas, ndiye anaika amoebocytes luminal zimene zimachititsa kuchotsa majeremusi m'thupi ndipo ziletsa kubalana awo. Komanso, gulu la mankhwala zotchulidwa ndi odwala ndi njira zina matenda, kuti wokonzeka kuthana tizilomboto thupi.

Kwa odwala ndi pachimake amoebic kamwazi kumeneko amoebocytes minofu kuti zinthu mwachindunji pa mitundu vegetative wa tizilomboto, ndi kuchotsa kwa ziwalo ndipo zimakhala. Nkofunika kwathunthu kukumana mankhwala, ngakhale pambuyo mofulumira zizindikiro matenda. Pakhala milandu zisadzachitikenso wa zaka matenda pambuyo zoyambirira.

kupewa

Kodi muyenera kuchita kuteteza matumbo amebiasis? Mankhwalawa Cholinga kuthetsa tiziromboti kwa wodwalayo, ndipo zotsatira kupewa chilengedwe ndi moyo wake zinthu. Nthenda dokotala ayenera kudziwa chiopsezo ndi kuchita kafukufuku wa anthu awa, komanso alimbikitseni kuchita kuyeretsa onse m'nyumbamo.

chiopsezo nthawi zambiri anthu onse:

• ndi kudwala a dongosolo m'mimba;
• anthu a m'midzi, limene palibe centralized madzi;
• ogwira ntchito adzasowa chakudya;
• apaulendo;
• anthu lathu osiyana kugonana.

Matenda Kupenda odwala akatulutsidwa chaka chatha. Studies za isolations ikuchitikira miyezi itatu iliyonse, ndipo mwa iwonso, ngati panali zizindikiro za matenda pa mundawo m'mimba. Kuti aswe kufala limagwirira ikuchitika disinfection wa zinthu, zomwe adapirira kusankha. Komanso, ayamikira amapatsidwa kusintha ukhondo-AIDS boma.