Maula - mabulosi kapena zipatso? Maula - mtengo kapena chitsamba chilichonse?

Maula - zipatso mbewu kuchokera Pinki banja yaikulu (Rosaceae). Iwo ali yemweyo taxonomic gulu, ambiri odziwika bwino ana ndi akulu a zipatso ndi mabulosi mbewu: apulo, chitumbuwa, apurikoti, pichesi, sitiroberi, rasipiberi. Tiyeni tikambirane funso, amene nthawi zambiri ndi: "? Maula - mabulosi kapena zipatso". M'pake kuti ambiri sakumvetsa mfundo.

Maula - mabulosi kapena zipatso?

Pakati pa mitengo ya zipatso maula zatenga malo a ulemu, chifukwa kuyambira kale, anthu wamkulu chifukwa cha zokolola. Konzekerani ku chipatso cha maula, blackthorn, chitumbuwa maula, mbale wokoma, sauces ndi zakumwa. Maula - mtengo kapena chitsamba chilichonse kuchokera mamita 1 mpaka 6 magulu onse a mitundu ndi mitundu chilombo -. High-ololera zomera.

Zipatso - drupe odnokostochkovaya - anapanga pa malo a maluwa pambuyo umuna. Pericarp pamaso kukhwima kwa nthawi yaitali amakhalabe olimba, akuda wobiriwira. Ndi kudzikundikira zakudya umakhala yowutsa mudyo zipatso, ndi mkati, ndi kagawo wapadera, kupanga zolimba mbewu fupa.

ndi phindu lotani?

Ku Latin ku Russian kwa nthawi yaitali anadza akuti "zipatso" si anazolowera mu ntchito sayansi. Koma mankhwala, chakudya, kuphika ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku mawu chotchuka kwambiri, ngakhale aliyense akhoza kutanthauzira izo molondola. Kodi osiyana ndi zipatso chipatso? Maula uli limene magulu awiriwa?

Akukhulupirira kuti chipatso - izi ndi chimodzimodzi kuti a mwana wosabadwayo, chifukwa umu ndi m'mene mawu latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Latin fructus. Other edible mbali ya zomera, ndi zomera okha, mwina zimagwilanso nchito kwa magulu a zachuma, monga masamba, njere, mtedza. Zipatso za magulu awiri a zipatso yowutsa mudyo: mwala zipatso ndi zipatso. Iwo amasiyana nambala ya mbeu komanso mabuku angapo zina.

Tiyeni tione bwinobwino maula - zipatso kapena mabulosi kwenikweni. M'pofunika kusiyanitsa mawu sayansi ndi tanthauzo zachuma. Mitundu ya zipatso za zomera ku zomera zosiyanasiyana kugwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu mankhusu. Magulu waukulu 4 - youma ndi yowutsa mudyo, seeded ndi polyspermous.

Kodi mtundu wa maula zipatso?

Drupes - nthuza yamatcheri, apricots - ndi yowutsa mudyo, munali mbewu imodzi. Zipatso - kwambiri yowutsa mudyo, koma polyspermous zipatso. Iwo chichokera carpels umodzi kapena kuposerapo. Kusiyanitsa kwathunthu minofu mabulosi ndi khungu woonda, monga mphesa, zipatso ndi leathery, amene ali pericarp wandiweyani, ngati lalanje. Choncho pambuyo pa zonse, maula - ndi mabulosi kapena zipatso? Lingaliro lachiwiri ndi ochulukirapo ndi chikuphatikizapo choyamba, mwachitsanzo zipatso - ndi mtundu wa zipatso (zipatso).

Oimira sayansi botanical, musazengereze chimatanthauza maula - mabulosi kapena zipatso. Powona yowutsa mudyo maula zipatso ndi mphesa, iwo amanena kuti patsogolo pawo ndi mabulosi drupe. Kadyedwe, ndodo malonda, anthu wamba kufotokoza kuti wina ndi mzake - zipatso. Onse adzakhala mu maganizo ake ndi mfundo. Choncho, kuda - palibe zipatso. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti zipatso akhoza angaonere chipatso, kuti ntchito ya zachuma, kunyumba si vuto. Ndipotu izi - (. Latin fructus) zipatso.

Maula amatanthauza mitengo kapena zitsamba?

Mu maonekedwe zomera awerenge zosiyanasiyana moyo. The akuluakulu ndi magulu otsatirawa: mitengo, zitsamba, zomera herbaceous, mphesa. zamoyo - ndi mtundu wa anatengera kwa zikhalidwe za kukhalako.

Tikatha osavuta kumva vuto zafotokozedwa pamwambapa - kuda - ndi mabulosi kapena zipatso - kuyankha funso za mawonekedwe a moyo kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri. Zomera maonekedwe a mtundu maula mitengo otsika ndi zitsamba. Mtundu ambiri - Damsons munda. Mu mtengo zakutchire opezeka Caucasus.

The zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya subgenus Prunus

Komabe mu nkhalango, mu zigwembe, anapeza nthuza kuthengo, koma mitundu yambiri za thupi subgenus ndi, kuleza kuŵetedwa. Iwo anapereka kukolola olemera a sing'anga ndi zipatso zazikulu za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mmene lathyathyathya fupa mkati. kutalika zambiri kuposa 1.5 nthawi makulidwe, awiri - 01,03 masentimita anachokera ku mitundu yatsopano kupereka lalikulu zipatso kukula kwa masentimita 8, wotsekemera kapena wowawasa zokonda .. mitundu Common mu Europe ndi ku Asia:

- Home munda - alipidwa Fomu chapakati Russia.
- prickly, nthula minga - yaing'ono, yaminga kwambiri chitsamba zipatso buluu.
- splayed, nthuza -. Tree, kufika kutalika 8 mamita kuthengo zimapezeka Caucasus ndi ku Central Asia.
- Ussuriysk - mwamphamvu amakhala mu Primorye nakulitsa chipatso kum'mawa Siberia.
- China - wakula mu China, Japan, Korea. Lokoma wowawasa zipatso, ankagwiritsa ntchito pophikira ndi winemaking.
- Pissardi - yokongola mtengo pamakhala wokongola pinki ndi mdima wofiira masamba. Ntchito ya kapangidwe malo.

Pamene pamtungwi samatchera pali adzadabwitsa: ndi kuda izi? Berry kapena zipatso - buluu wake mdima yaing'ono zipatso? Cherry maula kwambiri zodabwitsa fructification ake. Ngakhale kuti mitengoyi zikuwoneka ngati maula, koma mtundu wa wolemera yokolola zachilendo wake - wofiira ndi wachikasu (zochepa wamba zipatso wofiirira ndi buluu).

Zothandiza nthuza khalidwe

Anthu ntchito zipatso za zomera zakutchire nakulitsa kwa processing chakudya timadziti, sachedwa chifukwa, sachedwa chifukwa, liqueurs, monga kudzazidwa kwa mikate, ngati chomera mankhwala. Damsons kale nakulitsa chifukwa cha drupes yowutsa mudyo ndi pachimake bluish. Zipatso za maula kunyumba monga:

• chakudya (fructose, shuga);
• Mavitamini C, A, P, B, gulu;
• organic zidulo;
• tannins;
• mme- zinthu;
• pectins.

Kukonzekera kwa zamkati zipatso ndi mbewu za nthuza ntchito wowerengeka ndi mankhwala boma. Prunes ntchito mu zakudya chakudya, makampani Confectionery. maluwa maula oyambirira ndi zochuluka, ngakhale pamaso kutsegula zonse za masamba. Mitengo ndi zitsamba kuyang'ana kaso, wamtengo wapatali mu malo.

Anatinso mu XX atumwi anachira mbali ya mawonekedwe magulu awiri a cultivars - Chihangare ndi greengage. The loyamba muli ndi mitengo ndi zipatso buluu violet anamaliza kapena elongated. Greengage kawirikawiri amakhala ndi zipatso ozungulira Kamaoneka mtundu. Tsopano chamene wobwezera kuchotsa subspecies undersized, ndi interbreeding kupeza hybrids Mwachitsanzo, maula ndi apurikoti.