Mayiko ndi chuma mu kusintha: ofotokoza ndi zimasiyanitsa mbali

Monga mukudziwa, pali awiri zitsanzo zoyambirira za chuma: lamulo ndi msika. Lamulo (wopita) zachuma amakhala ndi mwachindunji lamulo boma la ndondomeko ya zachuma chifukwa msika lomwe ndi minimization a zolimbana alowererepo zinthu zachuma a mumzindawo. malo wapakatikati wotanganidwa ndi mayiko ndi chuma mu kusamba. Pa iwo ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Mayiko ndi chuma mu kusintha - amene panopa panjira ku mapulani akafuna ulimi kumsika. Ndipotu limati woyambawo Soviet Union, amene pambuyo kugwa chitsanzo msika osankhidwa. Choncho, onse m'mayiko a ku USSR kale, koma, mwina, Belarus - Dziko mu chuma kusintha. Iwo yodziwika ndi mathamangitsidwe wa chitukuko zachuma patapita nthawi yamavuto dongosolo mapulani (Ndipotu, chifukwa choti boma kukonzekera kwa moyo wonse chuma cha boma, ndipo panali azingokhala, Union), chilengedwe ndi chitukuko cha malonda atsopano, kuwongolera miyezo ya moyo, malipiro ake, pothetsa chofunika kuchepekedwa ndi zina zotero. chuma amakhala womasuka, mkati ndi kunja - kutanthauza kuti amalonda, anthu kulandira digiri wamkulu ufulu polenga ndi osauka mabizinezi awo komanso alendo ndi mwayi yopeza ndalama zawo zikupezeka maofesi ndi makampani dziko .

Monga ulamuliro, mayiko ndi chuma mu kusintha anakopeka chodziwa chidwi mabungwe akunja pofuna kupanga otchedwa ndalama mwachindunji mu chuma m'mayiko amenewa. Chifukwa chidwi imeneyi chinawonjezeka ndi kuthekera kwa ndalama zambiri opindulitsa likulu, sipangakhalenso kudzera zochita za chilamulo cha kufunika ndi okwanira. Capital - ndi gwero chomwecho, komanso zipangizo ndi ntchito, kutanthauza kuti pali msika, ndipo mtengo wake ndi kuchuluka kubwerera pa ndalama. Kumene, m'misika likulu la maiko otukuka, pali kale zina zotsala, lomwe limatanthauza kuti zipatso zake ndi otsika (mwachitsanzo, akhoza kutumikira chiwongola dzanja mu mabanki akunja kawirikawiri kuposa 3-4 peresenti pa annum). Pa nthawi yomweyo, mu kusowa kwambiri likulu pali mayiko kusintha chuma, choncho mlingo wa profitability ntchito ndalama kudzakhala apamwamba kwambiri.

Makhalidwe a maiko ndi chuma mu kusintha ndi chikuphatikizaponso ya makhalidwe oipa: mofulumira chikhalidwe stratification, imene kusiyana pakati pa ndalama olemera ndi osauka makumi ndi maulendo ambirimbiri. Komanso, andale ndi chikhalidwe zachuma, mwina mkulu wa nkhondo, amaika moyo upandu ndi ena. Komanso Dziwani kuti maiko ndi chuma mu kusintha akhoza yodziwika ndi dongosolo ungwiro ndi wosakhazikika wa malamulo a dziko, kumene kungakhale kovuta kuzindikira ndalama zakunja amene amakonda mayiko wolimba ndi pakafukufuku adzabweranso.

Ntchito yaikulu ya boma kusintha ayenera kukhala:

Mu dera chikhalidwe - kuonetsetsa kufanana ndi kukhazikika, kuchepetsa angathe kukangana m'nthaka chikhalidwe, kusamalira zigawo citetezo anthu (penshoni, maphunziro, ntchito zikusowa ubwino);

Mu dera zachuma - kusintha kwa chikoka ndalama ya boma, kubweretsa dongosolo malamulo (kuphatikizapo m'munda wa misonkho) ntchito mfundo lonse, kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha ndalama zakunja ndi kusintha malamulo ndi dongosolo la msonkho kwa nthawi yaitali.