Mental: The phindu la mawu ndi m'nyanjazi ake

Apa mudzapeza mfundo zimene ndi mtima m'lingaliro wodziika. Kutanthauza, zigawo zikuluzikulu osiyanasiyana akuti, ndi zambiri - m'nkhani ino.

kutanthauza

Tsopano tikambirana za tanthauzo la mawu akuti "maganizo". tanthauzo sawona bwinobwino ndithu. njira iyi makonda kuzungulira dziko payekha. Mtima - mtundu wa maganizo, ndi chifaniziro chake Pokhala linanena amazionera, maganizo zina za uzimu wa nkhani kapena gulu.

Ngakhale kuti lingaliro ili lili amatanthauza zinthu zambiri, komabe kwambiri "osamveka", momveka Pamlingo wamng'ono. Chotsani khalidwe mwina kuti chimachititsa anthu kuchita mtundu maganizo limafanana ndi tanthauzo la kutengera za.

Kodi sayansi kukonza makhalidwe a anthu amenewa maganizo? Kutanthauza fiolosfii angathe kutanthauziridwa monga zokhudzana ndi maganizo a munthu wa mtundu wina uliwonse wa mbali zinchito, ndi njira makonda dziko, makhalidwe kukumbukira adamfunsa ndi chilakolako m'lifupi mwa m'maganizo, maganizo osiyana, ndi zina zotero. D. Koma kuwonjezera pa mbali zimenezi, mtima zimakhudza zinthu nkhani za chikumbumtima, nzeru .

Mtima nawonso amakhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo ndiponso udindo wa phunziro akhoza kuvala tanthauzo losiyana. Mental munthu - khalidwe la munthu, womwenso onse ozindikira kukomoka. Mfundo imeneyi akhoza limanenedwa ngati mbali ya malingaliro, nzeru, ndipo akhoza limanenedwa ngati ya machitidwe a mavuto maganizo ndi chikhalidwe, njira ya kusanthula ndi maganizo a mudziwe analandira mu ndondomeko maganizo kapena mmene akumvera.

Analysis wa malingaliro "maganizo"

Tanthauzo la mawu m'njira yotakata kuzioneka ngati mfundo zovuta kuti amakhudza mbali zambiri za moyo wauzimu wa munthu, mawuwo ali kovuta kufotokoza chikhalidwe cha. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti akuti chiyani osati ntchito za sayansi mbiri ndi anthropological, komanso inextricably zogwirizana nzeru. Kodi "maganizo" - n'zotheka disassemble nthawi amazipanga yaitali. Zambiri zikudalira, wambili zimene ya mukufuna kulumikiza, koma ziribe kanthu kumene inu anatembenuka, pali ambiri mfundo zonse kufotokoza mawu.

Maganizo a ntchito maganizo mwatsatanetsatane mizimu, ndipo pachifukwa ichi, mbali zake khalidwe ndi kulephera ndiponso kupewa centralization wa chitukuko mbiri ya chikhalidwe European ambiri. M'malomwake, chimauza mtendere wa mkati "Ine" wa munthu, imbaenda chikhumbo kugwirizanitsa munthuyo m'madera mbiri ndi chikhalidwe. Kuchokera pamenepa tingathe mwanjira tolkavat mfundo "maganizo." Tanthauzo la mawu tsopano akhoza kumwedwa ngati njira kusanthula ndi kutanthawuzira chidziwitso anthu.

maganizo otsutsa

Kodi "maganizo" mogwirizana njira zosiyanasiyana worldview kutsutsidwa ndi zimene iwo amachita chiani pamenepo? Poyankha funso limeneli, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsa kuti njira kuteteza zofuna zawo za chikhalidwe maganizo, ndicho chikhalidwe ndi masoka osiyanitsa kukwiya ndi kulivomereza, ndi kuvala gulu achilendo khalidwe la munthu, kutha pankhani maganizo. Kapangidwe kwambiri Mawu amenewa chabe amasungunula zotsutsana onse mkati ndi kunja pakati pa njira yakumvetsetsa dziko palokha. Pokambirana mfundo imeneyi, nkofunika kuti mukudziwa kuti mu nkhani iyi zilibe kanthu, ena mwa zotsutsana pamwamba anazindikira deta za dziko.

Kukamba chisanafike zomveka maganizo ndi mtundu losonkhanitsidwa

Kodi maganizo zomveka chisanadze zomveka? zigawo awiriwa akuti kuyamba Levy-Bruhl ntchito zake "maganizo akale". The zomveka kwambiri ndi chisanadze zomveka - izo osiyanasiyana njira kutsindika kusiyana kwa mafano a mafuko mu Africa ndi Australia kuganiza, potengera malamulo a chilengedwe partitsipatsionnogo, kuphatikizapo malamulo a zomveka kutsutsana ndi maganizo zomveka mu Europe, limodzi ndi miyambo yake.

Chinthu china yofunika ndi maganizo ndi malingaliro gulu zoyikidwa ndi J. Lefebvre. Powonjezera kufunika kwa maganizo akuti anakhazikitsidwa kufunika kufotokoza zimene khalidwe ena achilendo kwa magulu lonse la anthu. tanthauzo anakonza zinali zochokera kuphunzira chodabwitsa cha mantha mu misa lalikulu la anthu.

danga maganizo

Kusanthula mawu akuti, ndikofunika kukumbukira wina wa chigawo chake - danga maganizo. Ndi gwero limene limatipatsa njira ya "humanization" ya nkhaniyi mu ndondomeko wodzilamulira chilengedwe. Chosavuta lingaliro ili maganizo anali M. B. Turovskim.

Chifukwa chachikulu cha malo maganizo wakhala Ngokhoza kulenga anthu anthu pamaziko cholinga chikhalidwe cha zochita umene unayamba pansi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zochepa miyambo, monga Marxist. Mu njira ya chitukuko anthu monga mbali ya nkhaniyo iye analenga zochokera zili payekha. Malinga Turovsky, danga maganizo ndi lodzala ndi malangizo Integrated nadindividualnogo chikhalidwe kuti anthu ulembedwe mtima wake kuti zonse lozungulira nkhaniyi.