Mfundo ndi kuti GDP mawerengedwe chilinganizo, komanso kumvetsetsa kusintha

Malinga ndi nkhani zambiri kulankhula za zilizonse kugwa mu aakulu kukula mankhwala zoweta m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Ife zoti njira GDP chilinganizo mawerengedwe kuti chimaimira, komanso ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chizindikiro chimene.

maganizo

GDP - ndi lalikulu m'banja mankhwala. chizindikiro ichi ntchito amayang'anitsitsa chuma osiyana. Gross Mankhwala M'banja wawonetsera katundu opangidwa ndi potumikira dziko, umene masamu. Tikutsata ndondomeko za kuwerengetsa GDP zikuphatikizapo zinthu zonse ndi ntchito popanga kapena anapereka boma.

Childs, limapeza mankhwala zoweta kuchita masamu chifukwa 1 chaka. Mu Russia, ndi masamu mu rubles, ndipo ngati mukufuna kuyerekeza mlingo ndi mayiko ena, njira masamu kutembenuka kwa madola US.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya GDP mawerengedwe chilinganizo aliyense wa iwo wawo, ndipo iwo anafuna bwino kuganizira zinthu za cuma, kutenga zinthu nkhani zosiyanasiyana.

About mwadzina aakulu mankhwala zoweta

Mwadzina GDP ndi zizindikiro muyezo kusonyeza mphamvu ya chitukuko cha boma. mtengo umadalira pa buku la ulimi, komanso kusintha mlingo wa mitengo pa katundu chopangidwa.

Mwadzina GDP, chilinganizo cha lopatsidwa pansipa, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyerekeza zakambidwa zachuma kudutsa chuma. Komanso si oyenera kufanana kwa vuto la zachuma ya dziko lomwelo panyengo zosiyanasiyana.

Iwo masamu monga Uwerenge katundu onse opangidwa ndi potumikira m'dzikoli:

Mwadzina GDP = Σ katundu anapanga dziko + Σ potumikira.

Real GDP, chilinganizo cha mawerengedwe ake ndi mfundo imene tikuipeza

Real GDP limasonyeza voliyumu ya katundu opangidwa ndi potumikira kwa kufufuma. mtundu wa chizindikiro zambiri oyerekeza kuti kumvetsa boma lenileni la chuma ndi mlingo wa ulimi

Pali milandu kuti GDP chinawonjezeka ndi gawo pang'ono kwa chaka, ndi mlingo kufufuma kwa nthawi yomweyi ndi oposa 10%. Ndi maonekedwe zikusonyeza kuti boma la chuma likuipiraipira, ngakhale kukula mu mabuku kupanga. Izo ziri, onani chithunzi chenicheni, kuganizira kufufuma mu nthawi ya pansi kuphunzira, m'pofunika ntchito GDP weniweni.

Tikutsata ndondomeko za kuwerengetsa weniweni aakulu mankhwala zoweta :

Real GDP = mwadzina GDP / ambiri mtengo mlingo.

Ndi mtengo index mukhoza kuwerengera ndalama zawo zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawerengedwe a GDP weniweni. Amagwilitsidwa ntchito CPI ndi (ogula mtengo index) ngati mtengo index. CPI kuchita masamu pa maziko a mitengo ya zinthu, zomwe zili m'gulu la ogula mtanga.

Pali kuwerengetsera ya GDP lenileni pa maziko a PPI (sewerolo mtengo index). chithunzi Izi ndi zosiyana mu kudziwanso kumaphatikizapo katundu yekha chopangidwa, kupatulapo potumikira. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito mitengo opanga.

chizindikiro ichi nthawi masamu ndi ziwerengero boma mabungwe m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, komanso makampani omwe chinkhoswe mu kusanthula chuma.

Gross zoweta mankhwala pa kugula mphamvu parity

Kuwerengetsa index ichi, kachitidwe zotsatirazi kuti kuwerengetsa GDP:

Gross zoweta mankhwala pa kugula mphamvu parity = mwadzina GDP mu USD / chiwerengero cha anthu a dziko.

chizindikiro ichi kwambiri okayikitsa, ngakhale ntchito kuyerekeza chuma m'mayiko osiyana. Pamene kuwerengetsa chuma chake conventionally ntchito mfundo za parity mphamvu kugula. Malinga ndi iye, m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, mukhoza kugula mankhwala chomwecho pa mtengo chimodzimodzi ndi njira yoyenera ya recalculation wa ndalama osiyana mitundu.

Pakali pano, mtsogoleri chitukuko chuma chizindikiro ichi ndi China, omwe posachedwapa anayenda mtsogoleri wosatha - United States.

Za deflator GDP

Deflator mankhwala aakulu m'banja - ndi index wapadera wa GDP, amene mawerengedwe ndiyo njira motere:

GDP deflator = (mwadzina GDP mu mitengo panopa chaka / weniweni GDP) * 100% mu m'munsi mitengo chaka.

mawerengedwe zachokera mitengo ziliri pa ogula ndi dengu, mosiyana ndi ogula mtengo index zachokera mitengo ya nthawi m'munsi.

Muyenera kulabadira chakuti mawerengedwe a amaganizira katundu yense ndi misonkhano, yemwe munapanga dziko. Komanso index sakhala ndi zinthu zimene kunja.

Kugwiritsa index uwu sungakhoze kwathunthu kusintha kwa kufufuma. Mukamawunikanso deflator ayenera kudziwa kuti Ngowerengera katundu watsopano ndi ntchito zimene zikhoza kukhala mu nthawi m'munsi.

GDP ndi chizindikiro zofunika la dziko la chuma

Chifukwa cha kusanthula mphamvu za mitundu yonse mankhwala aakulu m'banja mukhoza kuweruza boma la chuma cha dziko. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kuchuluka mwadzina aakulu mankhwala zoweta, si ananena kuti kupanga kuchuluka. M'pofunika onani kukula ndi GDP weniweni, imene ikusonyeza chifukwa cha kukula zachuma, kusintha kwa kufufuma.

Pofuna kuyerekeza chuma cha m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, azigwiritsa ntchito ya Gross Mankhwala m'banja, umene kuganizira kugula mphamvu parity. Pambuyo kuwerengetsa lalikulu m'banja mankhwala pa munthu, inu mukhoza kumvetsa fanizirani ndi dzuwa la anthu osiyana a dziko.

Ndi chicodziwika kuti weniweni aakulu m'banja mankhwala a dziko nthawi zonse kukula, izo zikutanthauza kuwonjezeka mu moyo wa aliyense wa nzika, komanso kumaonjezera mphamvu zawo pogula. Ndipo ngati ntchitoyo mankhwala aakulu m'banja mosalekeza kugwa, boma ayenera kuganizira zifukwa.