Mondragon kudziletsa potsegula mfuti (Mexico): kufotokoza, mbiri ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma watha mwa kupita patsogolo mfuti mwadzidzidzi analowa Mexico - anali okhala ndi woyamba kudziletsa potsegula mfuti dziko la Mondragon, makhalidwe ake si wolephera osiyanasiyana European wa mfuti. Development zokhudzana mfuti zoopsa chinkhoswe asilikali zida zankhondo, General Manuel Mondragon. Iye anapita Europe ndi familiarized ndi maiko patsogolo pa mikono, Ine anazindikira kuti dziko lifunika zida zake basi. Akatero amayamba nkhani ya mfuti wotchuka Mondragon.

Development wa polojekiti

Development wa ntchito unayambitsidwa mu 1892. Mu nthawi yochepa mkulu anatha kupanga lingaliro ambiri, ndi kale ndi TH 1896 okhala ndi kapangidwe watsopano, umene wakhala anazindikira mu United States, Belgium ndi France. Koma ntchitoyi anali sanaletse - Mondragon mfuti ukulimbiralimbirabe.

Mbali yaikulu ya mfuti yatsopano anakhala basi, womwe ntchito pa mphamvu ya mpweya ufa. Panthawi imeneyi, njira imeneyi ankaona "wopanda pake" monga kulenga limagwirira kwenikweni odalirika zinali zosatheka. General vuto ili. Pa chitukuko cha ntchito mfuti lasintha kwambiri. Limodzi kusintha ngati ali mthunzi wa makatiriji ndi 6.5 mamilimita × 48 7 × 57 mm. Komanso, mapulani mapulogalamu anali lingaliro la kulenga zida zanu. Koma malangizo basi ntchito yolalikira ikuchitika mosalekeza, anali kulenga odalirika basi kutsegulaso limagwirira.

limagwirira zodziwikiratu

Nthawi imeneyo, Mondragon mfuti anali okonzeka ndi limagwirira mwachilungamo odalirika recharge basi, amene ankagwira ntchito pa mphamvu ya mpweya ufa. The mbali yaikulu ya mpweya injini kukhala chubu-casing mkati limene pisitoni ndi kubwerera kasupe. The pisitoni ali amakonda kwambiri chifukwa kugwirizana kwa shutter a. Mpweya chitoliro-casing ili pansi pa mbiya - Mbali ina ya chida. Pamodzi ndi iye, iye Ufumuyo wolandila lapansi. Iye anali totsegulira wapadera anafunikira kuchotsa liners ndi kutseka mbiya. Komanso mkati mwa bokosi ali ndi zolosera wapadera - kupumula mwa iwo, imazungulira wathandizidwa.

Pomwepo shutter anali membala cylindrical ndi protrusions, zamkati ndi njira helical, zimene zinachititsa kuti atembenuza pamene ikuyenda. Mkati chipata kudziletsa potsegula mfuti Mondragon anali ndi njira waung'ono umene unali drummer.

Chipata chimango ndi limagwirira choyambitsa

Kumbali ya wolandila ndi lapadera odulidwa-kunja, zomwe anafunika kulolera chivindikiro makina ndi khasu. Chogwirira, nayenso ali okonzeka ndi ikulendewera batani ndi kukambilana ndi stupor mkati. Movement wa chogwirira kumbuyo zinachitika disengagement wa bawuti ndi mikondo mpweya. The "disengaged" ndi kubwerera kasupe, zimveke pamanja kutsegulaso. Shock-mtundu yowotcha limagwirira ili pansi kumbuyo wolandila, pa chimango kulumikizidwa. Sewero loyamba chitsanzo adakwanisa moto akatemera wosakwatiwa, zida ndi alonda Wopanda amene oletsedwa kayendedwe ka hule.

Kenako, Mondragon mfuti kwambiri anasintha, chifukwa mu mpata kuchita moto basi. Lama fuyusi wakhalanso bwino - iye ali lophimba amayi, Kasupe wa mode kuwombera. Pamaso USM ili shopu mphamvu zipolopolo 10. Iwo anali ndi udindo mothandizidwa ndi tatifupi.

kanthu zodziwikiratu

Pamene inu tilimbikire choyambitsa nyundo pomenya yowotcha pini, kabotolo kapu ndi azinyadira onga. Bystroobrazuyuschiesya ufa mpweya kudzera njira yapadera mu thunthu anagwera mu chitoliro gasi, ndipo anayesetsa pisitoni ndi kukakamiza kusuntha chammbuyo. Pa kayendedwe ka pisitoni compresses kubwerera kasupe ndi anakankhira bawuti mu malo kumbuyo - atamupopa ndi ejected katiriji.

Pambuyo kuchepetsa kuthamanga mpweya ufa anaweramuka kubwerera kasupe, kukankhira pisitoni ndi kuchotsa shutter. Aliyense kupitabe patsogolo ndi onsewo, adzakwapulidwa anatumizidwa ku chipinda cha katiriji ndi kutseka mbiya inabala. Mwamsanga zitachitika izo, mukhoza kuwombera lotsatira. Mexico mfuti Mondragon linali litadzala ndi retracting wathandizidwa kumbuyo. Chachikulu zenera kuti eject casings chipolopolo, ndiyeno kudzazidwa sitolo mothandizidwa ndi tatifupi. N'zosiyana kayendedwe ka shutter mu chipinda lidzawotchedwa anatumiza munition.

Zina za mfuti ya

Mbali yaikulu ya mifuti ndi kutsegulaso limagwirira. chakuti kamangidwe kake zimathandiza kuti ntchito mode Buku kapena basi. Izi anaonetsetsa kugwira ntchito zida, ngakhale zakhudzana mpweya chubu. Pa chimango ndi Wopanda ali batani wapadera kuti disconnects kubwerera kasupe pa shutter, potero posamutsa mfuti kutsegulaso mode Buku.

Chinthu china ndi kukhalapo kwa mfuti bwino chitsanzo, kudziwika monga kudzikonda tsegula mfuti Mondragon M1908 (Switzerland). Chinthu ndi kuti pambuyo akamaliza chitukuko - mu 1893 - palibe maiko sanayese n'komwe kuyamba kupanga chida latsopano basi. Izo zinali kokha patapita kanthawi pangano kupanga loyamba mfuti 50 anasaina Switzerland.

Kukhala Swiss mfuti Mondragon M1908

Kamodzi gunsmiths Switzerland yodziwa zida basi, iwo anayamba kusintha izo. Kuyamba katiriji latsopano wamasulidwa - 5,2h48 mm, chimene chiri chosiyana ndi zipolopolo muyezo (6,5h48 mm) yabwino tsinde kudindidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa washers wapadera, amene anapereka udindo lolondola la dziwe.

Pambuyo pake, ndi mgwirizano wa mphamvu ziwiri anayamba makatiriji kwa mfuti 7,5h55 mm, .30-30 ndi 7x57 mamilimita "Mauser". Njira yoyamba umalakalaka boma Swiss. Mfuti chomwecho likungosonyeza 7x57 mamilimita mekikantsam ankakonda - choncho pali mitundu iwiri ya zida loyamba basi: mfuti Mondragon arr. Mu 1908, ukugwira ntchito Mexico, ndi Mondragon M1908 ku Switzerland.

Tsoka wotsatira

Tsoka zina zida basi sanali bwino. Chifukwa mtengo wapatali wa boma Swiss sakanakhoza kugwiritsa mankhwala onse anamasulidwa. Zogula sanathe amaphunzira ngakhale Mexico. Komanso, mu 1911 m'dziko exporting (Switzerland) anali kusintha, ndi zitsanzo mazana angapo anatsala kusonkhanitsa fumbi mu nyumba yosungiramo katundu wina.

Boma chosintha amayesa kugwiritsa chida. Ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo World ndinali zinasaina pangano mwa kundipatsako kwa mfuti Germany. Apa zida zankhondo ndege. Ndiyeno, pambuyo kusintha kwambiri akhala akuyendera zida oposa 1.7 miliyoni. Mayiko amene anafunika kudziletsa potsegula mfuti M. Mondragon - Mexico, Chile, Peru, China ndi Japan. The linanena bungwe la mfuti yokha anaima 1950. Asanabwere ake, mfuti nayo nthawi nawo nkhondo zikuluzikulu ndi mfuti ndipo wakhala za mtundu wina wotchuka zida.