Mphesa mite: njira kulamulira

Mphesa timakhala matenda osiyanasiyana mabakiteriya, tizilombo ndi mafangasi. Komanso, ndi kuonongeka ndi tizirombo zosiyanasiyana. Wapachaka imfa avareji mphesa chifukwa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga kukhudzana pafupifupi 30%, pamene otsika kwambiri kapena mwadzidzidzi akukwaniritsa zofunika miyeso zoteteza - ndipo kuposa 40-50%. M'nkhani ino tikambirana tizirombo monga nthata.

Mphesa anamva bango Mafunso Chongani: zambiri

Pa mphesa zomera parasitize 70 zosiyanasiyana mitundu mite, koma ambiri awa ndi mphesa Mafunso Chongani. Apoyera kuli kovuta kuzindikira. Anamva mphesa Mafunso Chongani Mafunso Chongani amatanthauza munthu wa oimira eriofoidnyh nkhupakupa anayi-miyendo. Angapezeke mphesa kulikonse nalo. Iye amakhala makamaka pa masamba, osachepera - pa inflorescence lapansi.

kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe

wamkulu wamkazi thupi wormlike cylindrical mawonekedwe. Mtundu - yamkaka woyera kapena chikasu. Utali - 0,17-0,21 mm. Male pang'ono zochepa - 0,14 mm. Akatero mu triangular tizilombo mizere ambiri kotenga. Pa kumbuyo kwa gulu la, pali bristles ochepa. Pa pamimba pali mphete ambiri ndi spikes tosaoneka.

zamoyo

Lotha kubisala yaikazi mphako kotekisi pansi mamba Mphukira, mu masamba akugwa. Mu impso limodzi nthawi zina mwachindunji za 1000 nthata. M'chaka, pamene masamba ukufalikira akuyamba, iwo adalowa ntchito ndi ulendo wawo. Tizirombo amafalitsa mphepo, mbalame ndi tizilombo.

The mphukira kukula nyengo nthata ikuyenda kuti masamba ikuphukira, adzadziphatika kwa iwo mbali pansi ndi kuyamba mwachangu kudyetsa. Zinthu alipo malovu wa tizilombo mpesa, chifukwa yogwira magawano selo ndi mapindikidwe wa tsamba minofu. Mothandizidwa ndi michere, limene limafotokoza mudzichonga, ndi yogwira kwambiri mu malo mphamvu pa masamba kuoneka concave zigawo chowulungika, yokutidwa ndi wandiweyani woyera anamva wosanjikiza. Choncho, kumbali chapamwamba pepala zingaoneke convexity.

Pa kubalana Unyinji wa mphesa mite amakhudza mbali yaikulu ya masamba pa chitsamba, amene kusintha mtundu ndi kukhala red-bulauni. kukula tsamba akawinduka, dzuwa yafupika, ena mwa iwo kufota ndi kufa, ndi chitukuko cha mpesa chitsamba wonse imathetsa. Ngati tizilombo amakhudza masamba, pamakhala losindikizidwa, anayamba redden ndi peel kutali.

Ngati nthata mphesa musati kutsogolera kulimbana yogwira, ndiye kuti akhoza kuchita kuchepetsa amphamvu zokolola. Perekani mmalo mitundu bwino mphesa kuti ndi kugonjetsedwa mwake mite.

Tick pa mphesa: miyeso ulamuliro

Pankhani ya 1 kapena 2 tsamba zisa Nthata kudziwika wagawo akhoza kungoyankha amati ndi kupitiriza ndi mpesa. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa ambiri masamba popanda akulimbana ndi yogwira kulimbana ndi tizirombo izi sitingapeze kuchita. Sikuti kukatenga kutali bwanji masamba onse mphesa, monga izi kungawononge zambiri chitsamba kuposa chifukwa nthata ake.

winegrowers wosadziwa zambiri kuyesera tizirombo nkhondowo ntchito zida ngati chilengedwe monga Bordeaux osakaniza, koma zotsatira za zinthu zoterozo ndi ziro, chifukwa ndi fungicide kuti akhoza kuthana bwino okha ndi matenda a zomera.

Kodi ngati panali bango pa mphesa? Njira kuthana mu zotsatirazi:

• Pambuyo m'dzinja tsamba kugwa mutu, manja ndi mipesa thengo lirilonse azitha kuwaza 5% laimu msuzi. Ngati sanachite m'nthawi autumn, masika, pamaso yopuma Mphukira, munda anam'thira 7% emulsion karboleniuma.
• masika oyambirira mpaka masamba ndi maluwa, zotsatira zabwino akhoza kupereka kupopera njira "DNOC."
• Pamene mphukira anafika masentimita 5, n'zotheka ntchito chida ku dzimbiri mite ngati sulfure colloidal.
• Mu chochitika cha mliri Unyinji wa nkhupakupa (oposa 5 anthu pa 1 pepala) m'chilimwe ulamuliro tizilombo ikuchitika insectoacaricide ndi acaricide.
• The zomera nthawi kulimbana dzimbiri mite angathe kuchitikira ntchito "phosphamide" "phosalone" "Pliktrana" "Omayta" "Talstara" "Mitaka", "Apollo", "Ortus" neri Al.

Mankhwalawa masamba mpesa ayenera kuonedwa kamphindi. Mankhwala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito masamba okhaokha pansi. Izi zachitika motere: a nozzle atomizer pabwino pa dziko lapansi, ndipo pang'onopang'ono anawuka mwa kuchitira gawo lamkati la masamba kachilombo. Njira yokha ene yakwendera tizilombo lapansi. Pogwira processing wochokera kumwamba ali operewera. Za mmene kutsitsi akhoza adzaweruzidwa ndi pakalibe zotupa watsopano pa masamba. Nthawi zina akugwira thandizo ndi mokwanira, koma, monga ulamuliro, chofunika 2-3 kuti anali kotheratu ndi bango mu masamba mphesa.

Mu mabuku miyambo analimbikitsa organophosphorus mankhwala. Komabe, ambiri mphesa nthata ndi gulu mankhwala kale njira chitetezo chokwanira. Ngati inu kuwonjezera mlingo, ndi zoipa kwa zomera ndi mbewu edible.
A njira zabwino ndi mankhwala "Envidor" zochokera spirodiclofen. Si monga poizoni anthu, choncho ndi ogwira zokwanira ndi nkhupakupa.
Komanso, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala avermectin gulu, makamaka pamene anachoka kukolola zosaposa masiku 20-30.

makhalidwe ulimi kuithetsa

Pamene chomera anaonekera mite anamva mphesa, mitsuko ulamuliro iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi agronomic: yake kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale mphesa ndi kuchotsa masamba akale, makungwa kuchapidwa ndi manja ku makungwa akale.

nthata mphesa kangaude

Izi mite mphesa ndi woopsa kwambiri kuposa mudzichonga, chifukwa pamene zikuoneka pali mofulumira tsamba imfa. Izo zikukhazikitsa kumbali pansi pa pepala, izo punctures khungu ndi imayamwa madzi. Choyamba, puncture malo uwoneka mawanga achikasu, amene kukula ndi coalesce mu yamawangamawanga lalikulu. Pa chapamwamba mbali pepala amakhala chikasu kapena zofiirira - malingana mphesa zosiyanasiyana. Ndi kuthetsa misa ya mudzichonga m'chiyambi cha July, masamba pang'onopang'ono anayamba kufa, zomwe imawakhudza zokolola.

Kangaude mite akupanga malovu, amene inasanduka ukonde woonda. M'menemo muli mazira anayakira akazi, ndi achinyamata mphutsi. Tizirombo overwinter pansi pa makungwa a zaka zambiri manja mphesa. Kuikira mazira ndiponso kudyetsa amayamba pa yopuma Mphukira. Kangaude nthata kuchulukitsa massively ndipo mwamsanga. wamkazi mmodzi masiku 10 akhoza kulephereka kwa mazira 100. Mu nyengo tizilombo nyengo angathe mpaka mibadwo 7 kapena 8 pa nyengo kukula.

Chifukwa cha kukula yaing'ono ndi kulemera kwa Mafunso Chongani akhoza kusamutsidwa ndi mphepo. Tizilombo kulamulira chifukwa cha the web zoteteza zovuta. Komanso, kungakhale kovuta processing mphesa chifukwa cha nthata pa underside wa tsamba.

Njira kulimbana akangaude

The njira za kulimbana ndi zofanana pa nkhani ya anamva-mite, koma muyenera intervals pafupipafupi kupopera. Komanso, ali osavomerezeka chomera pafupi ndi mphesa kukongoletsa maluwa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kuthetsa akangaude kuti ndinu wotsimikiza pochitika mpesa.

Mphesa Mphukira mite

Iwo Tingaone pafupifupi vinyo kukula m'deralo. Akazi pamaso yozizira pa flake m'munsi, pa embryonic masamba waukulu ndi aimpso m'malo. kutsegula ndi chiyambi cha nkhupakupa kudyetsa nthawi nthawi ya otaya masika kuyamwa, pamene avareji kutentha kwa madigiri 7-8. Maonekedwe a mazira chikuchitika mu zoyambirira za May.

tsamba mite

Izi mite mphesa ndi ambiri m'madera kum'mwera kwa viticulture. Akazi zimabisala mu kotekisi ndi ming'alu pansi mamba Mphukira. Adamulowetsa pamene pafupifupi mpweya kutentha kwa madigiri 7-8 ndi amasamukira ku matepo akulu. Pa nyengo kukula angayambe ku mibadwo 5 mpaka 11.