Panopa boilers pyrolysis zaululidwa mwiniwakeyo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kuyaka yake kumachitika chifukwa cha awiri gawo kuyaka kwa mafuta amene olimba. Zimenezi kwambiri Mwachangu pafupifupi 90-92%. Kodi mtundu wa kukatentha? kulumikizana chithunzi cha pyrolysis kukatentha chiyani? Mayankho a mafunso amenewa amapezeka m'nkhani ino.

Jetstream ng'anjo - ndichiyani?

Pyrolysis kukatentha ndi mtundu wa boilers olimba mafuta. Childs, izi boilers madzi otentha. Mu zida izi, kuyaka kwa mafuta amene olimba ndipo anawasiya iwo volatiles anachita mosiyana.

zimakolezera

Monga mafuta boilers gasification angagwiritsidwe ntchito:

• Peat briquettes.
• Zinyalala mipando kupanga.
• Kuwononga ku matabwa, utuchi.
• Various nkhuni: spruce, linden, paini, birch, alder, thundu, etc ..
• Ndipo ena ambiri utsi olimba.

Mfundo ntchito

Tisanaone blueprints pyrolysis boilers, m'pofunika kumvetsa mfundo ya zochita zawo. Choncho, pa kuyaka kwa mafuta (mosiyana kunena - youma distillation) pansi kutentha (pafupifupi 200-800 ° C) osati mpweya wokwanira, kuwonongeka kwa ikuchitika matabwa pawiri: gawo oyaka (pyrolysis mpweya) ndi precipitate olimba ( makala).

Chiwembu kumaphatikizapo pyrolysis kukatentha kuti adzatumizidwa ku chipinda afterburning kuti chipinda wina kudziunjikira pa pamwamba pa pyrolysis mpweya umene uli mlengalenga otaya kwaiye exhauster ,. Izi ndondomeko exoteric limodzi ndi kumasulidwa kwa kutentha, umene Kutentha ndi bwino, mafuta kukatentha nafota, ndipo ikuchitika Kutentha kwa mpweya kulowa zone kuyaka. Kusakaniza kusanduka pa kutentha kwa pyrolysis mafuta ndi mpweya mu mlengalenga chimayambitsa kuyaka kwa woyamba, umene kenako ntchito kupanga kutentha mphamvu.

mogwira

Kodi imayenera chiwembu kuti pyrolysis kukatentha, komanso pa ntchito zake, ikudalira zosiyanasiyana zinthu:

• Mtundu wa mafuta ndi chinyezi wokhutira.
• Matenthedwe kutchinjiriza wa nyumbayi.
• Kutentha mu chipinda.
• kunja mpweya kutentha.
• The olondola ntchito kapangidwe poyerekezera ndi dongosolo magetsi.

Mwachibadwa, mosiyana boilers ochiritsira, gasi zopangira zida zambiri zosavuta. Popeza kuyaka nkhuni n'zosatheka kupeza ngati makhalidwe mkulu kutentha monga mu ndondomeko ya moto nkhuni mpweya analandira therefrom. Pa mafuta kuyaka amaperekedwa ntchito buku yocheperako mpweya. Mogwirizana ndi kuyaka ichi kumawonjezera nthawi ndi kutentha. Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti ulamuliro wa pyrolysis ndondomeko mafuta kuyaka mosavuta kwambiri.

ulemu

Choncho, pyrolysis kukatentha chiwembu Ubwino:

1. A wathunthu mafuta kuyaka. Izi zipangitsa dzuwa la ndondomeko kuyaka chifukwa ndi zochepa woyera phulusa bokosi flues.
2. Ndi zofunika mpweya okwanira kulamulira ndondomeko kuyaka amapezeka. Zimenezi zimathandiza kwa nthawi yaitali ntchito pa tsamba lomwelo - 12 maola (maola 3-4 - ndi boilers ochiritsira). Pali zipangizo zimene mukhoza Bookmark masiku 6-7 pa makala ndi nkhuni - maola 30.
3. Mukhozanso pyrolysis kukatentha dera ndi magawo ulamuliro basi. The ndondomeko ya kuyaka mpweya wa pyrolysis mwangwiro amenable lamulo ndi ulamuliro.
4. The awiri gawo kuyaka kumawonjezera dzuwa.
5. Mwina kuyatsa mtengo waukulu.
6. Pakalibe caking wosanjikiza facilitates kuyeretsa.
7. Chifukwa kuyaka mpweya oyaka pyrolysis yafupika mpweya zinthu zoipa.
8. chipangizo ichi amatha zikugwira ntchito pa mphamvu zochepa chifukwa mphamvu kulephera.
9. Mosiyana ndi njira ochiritsira wa kuyaka mwachindunji, nthawi ya kuyaka mu boilers awa ndi wamkulu kuposa za 3-5 nthawi.
10. Pamene potsegula kukatentha 50-100% Mwachangu adzakhala pafupifupi 85-92%. Choncho, ntchito chiwembu wa pyrolysis wa kukatentha adzakhala ndalama zambiri za 4-7%.

zolakwa

1. Osakhalitsa - sachiza mu pakalibe blower kapena exhauster.
2. mtengo wapamwamba - za 1.5-2 nthawi.
3. Ndi katundu yaing'ono (zosakwana 50%) kumasonyeza kuyaka osalimba flues, ndi mapangidwe phula.
4. makina onga udzafunidwa mafuta chinyezi.
5. Wood pyrolysis kukatentha Kutentha dera gulu basi silikuphatikiza kotunga mafuta.
6. Pofuna kupewa otsika kutentha dzimbiri ndi condensation mu njira gasi, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kudza madzi kutentha si zosakwana 60 ° C (mu nthawi zina 40 ° C). Komabe, vuto ili anathana ndi admixing mwachindunji madzi kuthetsa.
7. Poyerekeza ndi mpweya ndi zipangizo zamagetsi, miyeso ya boilers awa ali wamkulu kwambiri. Mbali imeneyi tiyenera kuziganizira posankha malo.

The mafuta ntchito

The mafuta zofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito matabwa, mmene awiri a 100-250 mamilimita ndi kutalika kwa 380-450 mm. briquettes mafuta akhale kukula 30 × 300 mm. Pa kuyaka nkhuni akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito utuchi chabwino. Komabe, iwo ayenera kuwonjezera oposa 30% buku okwana chipinda katundu. Only mu nkhani iyi, kudzikonda anapanga pyrolysis kukatentha chiwembu udzakhala wogwira mtima. Komanso, zipangizozi amatha kuwotcha mtengo wauwisi, koma ndi proviso kuti anthu awo chinyezi si zoposa 40.

Kuti ntchito kwa kukatentha pa pazipita mphamvu okha youma mafuta ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Popeza mafuta mphamvu Kugawilidwa kwanthaka mphamvu anatsimikiza zochokera kupezeka kwa madzi mu nkhuni.

Galimoto msonkhano pyrolysis kukatentha

Musanayambe kusonkhana dongosolo Kutentha ndi manja awo, ayenera kukhala bwino ndi dera la. Ngati mulibe nzeru ya, musati muyesere kuchita chirichonse m'dera limeneli ndi "ziro" paokha. Kokwanira kutenga yomalizidwa zojambula ndi kuchititsa kusintha zazing'ono malingana ndi zofuna zawo. Pezani chithunzithunzi cha hardware anu. Mu mabuku amene angathe kupeza zithunzi zojambula ndi boilers zojambula pyrolysis.

Zinthu zazikulu

Mwachitsanzo, kutenga atamaliza dera Belyaev kukatentha ndi mphamvu 40 kW. Lili otsatirawa pali mfundo:

1. Mtsogoleri dera kukatentha a.
2. The chitseko lakonzedwa kuti potsegula mafuta.
3. Phimbani phulusa.
4. Exhauster.
5. Lama fuyusi kutentha sensa lumikiza.
6. Kulumikiza kwa mzere mwadzidzidzi.
7. Ikuyenda ,.
8. Kumuyandikira zoteteza madzi ozizira kutentha exchanger.
9. Kumuyandikira zoteteza otentha madzi kutentha exchanger.
10. Kubweranso mzere.
11. Kukhetsa ndi thanki kukula.

N'zoona kuti ena zinachitikira ndi zomangamanga chidziwitso, inu mosavuta kusintha kamangidwe ka kukatentha kwambiri. Kulumikizana chithunzi cha pyrolysis kukatentha zikhoza kusinthidwa pa nzeru zanu. Komabe, zofunika kuchita mu njira imene si kusokoneza miyeso mkati mwa m'chipinda.

Zida ndi zipangizo

Ku phiri unit lokha, pamafunika kuika zotsatirazi zida ndi zipangizo:

• Kutentha kachipangizo.
• Zimakupiza.
• Zitsulo Mzere wa osiyanasiyana makulidwe ndipo m'lifupi.
• Ikani proftrub 2 mm m'mimba mwake.
• Zitsulo mapepala 4mm wandiweyani.
• Khalani a machubu a diameters osiyana.
• Kudula gudumu awiri a 230 mm.
• The umapezeka gudumu awiri a 125 mm.
• Dzanja zozungulira anaona (Chibugariya).
• phukusi angapo maelekitirodi.
• Kuwotcherera makina.
• Zamagetsi kubowola.

Ngati mukufuna kupanga nokha Jetstream ng'anjo, analimbikitsa makulidwe a zitsulo ayenera kukhala 4 mm. Ndalama, mungagwiritse ntchito zitsulo mamilimita 3 wandiweyani. cholimba zitsulo amene angathe kupirira zinthu kutentha wofunikila zotsimikizira chipangizo nyumba.

Pyrolysis kukatentha - zotsimikizira chithunzi njira yaikulu

Kuti amange gasification Kutentha wagawo ayenera kutsatira zofunikira zotsatirazi:

• zinthu zofunika kudula ndi chopukusira ndi.
• mafuta nawuza orifice ili penapake kuposa zipangizo olimba.
• Pakuti kuyan'anila kuyaka chipinda kulowa kuchuluka kwa mpweya zofunika phiri limiter. Izo zikhoza kupangidwa kudzera payipi m'mimba mwake 70 mm, ndi utali akhale zikuluzikulu pang'ono kuposa nyumba ya kukatentha kwambiri.
• Ndi kuwotcherera makina welded zitsulo litayamba, amene pamodzi ndi makoma chitoliro ayenera kupanga kusiyana pafupifupi 40 mm.
• Kukhazikitsa chikuto cha kukatentha pakamwapo, kuchita una yoyenera. Ziyenera kukhala anayi. Kutsegula atseka chitseko, wangwiro ndi chivundikiro mbale wa zitsulo. Izi kuonetsetsa zoyenera otetezeka. M'munsimu otsegula kuchotsa madzi.
• Ndi chubu bender n'kofunika kukhotetsa chubu kwa anasamutsa coolant mkati kukatentha kwambiri. Izi zipangitsa linanena bungwe pazipita kutentha.
• Kusintha kuchuluka kwa coolant anawalozera kwa chipangizo angathe kuchitidwa ndi unit vavu anamanga kunja.
• Pamene koyamba anapanga zida mankhwala kuyaka ayenera kukhala mpweya monoxide. Ngati chikhalidwe ichi anakumana, zingwe pyrolysis kukatentha (chiwembu chinaneneratu) mwachita bwino. Nkofunika nthawi zonse kuyan'ana mkhalidwe wa welded zipangizo zimfundo ndi yomweyo kuchotsa izo mwaye chifukwa ndi phulusa.

Losatheka kwambiri zikhoza kukhala kugawana pyrolysis kukatentha si tingachipeze powerenga madzi otentha Kutentha, ndi kachitidwe mpweya magetsi. Chifukwa cha kulanda mpweya kuchitika ndi payipi, ndi ulendo wake wobwerera dongosolo - pansi. dongosolo zambiri ubwino: pa frosts amphamvu amaundana pa kunyamuka ndi khamu palibe kufunika kukhetsa coolant.

unsembe Nsonga

• Khazikitsa ndi pyrolysis wagawo ziyenera kuperekedwa pansi kugwilizana kwambiri ndi zofunika chitetezo moto. chipangizo Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo njira kuyaka, amene yodziwika ndi ntchito mkulu-kutentha.
• Kukatentha chipinda ayenera kukhala mu osiyana malo sanali zogona.
• Kusunga zolondola mpweya mpweya, m'pofunika kupereka otsegula kukula kwa 100 masentimita ^2.
• Unsembe wa wagawo wapangidwa pamaziko a simenti kapena njerwa.
• Pakuti ng'anjo pamaso makamera ayenera kuikidwa kuteteza. Ndi zitsulo pepala 2 mm wandiweyani.

Mu wololera khamu la pyrolysis kukatentha pa. Monga inu kale mwazindikira, ichi palibe lalikulu zambiri. Chinthu chachikulu kuti mwatsatanetsatane pyrolysis kukatentha dera wakhala molondola anapanga. Ngati inu simukukhulupirira luso lanu, musamatenge mwayi uliwonse - funsani akatswiri a.

malangizo opaleshoni

Yobweretsa mpweya akhoza kupangidwa m'njira zikuluzikulu ziwiri: mwa jekeseni kapena utsi njira (ntchito exhauster). Ntchito jekeseni chimake amalola kusintha otaya mlingo chimene chimathandiza kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ndondomeko kuyaka kwa kuvunda kwa linanena bungwe pazipita mphamvu kwa nthawi yochepa.

Koma utsi exhausts, kuti lero kubala nyumba chotero, chomwe angapereke wosatsogoleredwa adaponya, angathe kuchita malinga ndi ndondomeko pyrolysis popanda imfa kutentha.

Kwambiri ndalama kukatentha ntchito - izi zimachitika pamene madzi usavutike 60 ° C. Ngati inu kutsatira zinthu zonse, ndiye kutentha izi anafika kale pambuyo 30-40 Mphindi.

Normal ntchito dongosolo Kutentha mwachindunji amadalira chinyezi nkhuni. Iwo ali osavomerezeka ntchito nkhuni ndi okhutira ndi chinyezi pamwamba 50%. Amaona kuti chinyezi kwambiri mulingo woyenera nkhuni, umene uli wofanana 25-30%. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zili izi chinyezi ayenera zouma nkhuni yaitali mpweya wokwanira m'madera mu woodshed wapadera, khola (malingana koyamba mnyontho ndi mitengo mitundu).

Pamene ntchito nkhuni, ndi chinyezi ochititsa 15-20% poyerekeza ndi okhutira 50% chinyezi, mphamvu chinawonjezeka pafupifupi 2 khola. Komabe, zinthu zachilengedwe kulandira chinyezi amenewa ndi kovuta. Pamafunika za 1.5-2 zaka. Choncho, nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa mapeto a Kutentha nyengo m'pofunika chitani nkhuni.