Ndi chowiringula mu Russian Kodi

Monga amadziwika, Chirasha ndi amazipanga wolemera onse lexical ndi ku mfundo morphological maganizo. Ndipo chifukwa alendo uyenera kutaya kuposa chaka kuphunzira osachepera kulankhula ndi malamulo onse ndi malembedwe. Ndipo, ngati zilankhulo zina, kuwonjezera magawo palokha wa kulankhula, m'pofunika wamanga zofunikira ndi mawu m'sentensi, mayiko declination, chiphunzitso cholondola cha mafunso. Choncho m'nkhani ino tikambirana mmodzi wa magulu awa, akuti: kodi chowiringula pa icho chiri ndi momwe ntchito.

Ziganizo ndi matanthauzo

Monga zanenedwa kale, prepositions amatchula ziwalo utumiki wa kulankhula ndi ntchito yolumikizana mawu m'sentensi. Komanso mwapadera, iwo kufotokoza ubale wa manauni, mawu ndi manambala mawu ena. Choncho, iwo akhoza kusonyeza chibale pakati pa zinthu ziwiri (chitsanzo nsalu) kapena pakati pa kanthu ndi chinthu (kupita ku doko la), kapena pakati pa chizindikiro ndi chinthu (Lokongola kalasi). Ku mabungwe prepositions ndi zosiyana kuti iwo kulankhula mawu mosamalitsa mkati ndimavutika; koma ntchito zawo mawu kwenikweni koma mwinamwake Ntchito yawo ndi yaikulu. Kufanana kwa chimodzimodzi ndi ena mbali wothandiza wa kulankhula kwagona kuti katundu wawo n'zochepa, Tikambirana imeneyi.

Katundu prepositions mbali ya kulankhula

Choyamba, iwo sangakhoze kuchita mamembala ngati osadalira pa chiweruzo ndi Nthawi zonse Ufumuyo kuti mawu, amene ntchito, kukhala naye yofunika membala. Mwachitsanzo, chiweruzo "Mu mtsinje umalimbikitsa mwezi," ndi anawagwiritsira "mu" ndi mawu akuti "mtsinje" kukusindikizidwa ndi chinthu chimodzi. Kachiwiri, chifukwa tapeza kuti chochitira, izo, ngati mawu ena wothandiza, simungathe kusintha imfa, zaka, nthawi ndi manambala, monga kuyenera mbali ya mawu omwe ali ntchito. Komabe, nthawi zonse vutoli ndi declension wa manauni, mawu ndi manambala pa milandu ndipo ngakhale kuthandiza kuchita izo, kuchepetsa ntchito ya ophunzira. Mwachitsanzo, yesani kutha mawu akuti "mayi."

• I. N:. Mbaula ndi ofunika chiyani? - Mayi.
• R. tsa. Chatsopano Zovala aliyense? - Mayi.
• V. N:. Papa amakonda ndani? - Mayi.
• D. etc:. Ine ndipita kwa malangizo kwa munthu? - kwa mayi anga.
• T. N:. Agogo wonyada ndi ndani? - Mayi.
• P. P:. Ine kulemba ndakatulo za? - Mayi anga.

Ikani m'sentensi

Komanso kumvetsa zimene chowiringula monga mbali ya mawu, ayenera kuphunzira mmene mosavuta mu lemba. Nthawi zambiri iwo amagwira kwa manauni ndi mapuronauni, choncho anayikidwa patsogolo pawo. Mwachitsanzo, pa desiki, ndi gome pamaso panga, ndi zina zotero. D. Ngati kutsogolo kwa mawu omwe ali ntchito, ndiye matanthauziro (adjective, numeral, odzikundikira puronauni, participle), ndi anawagwiritsira "akudutsa" izo patsogolo ndipo akuima pamaso pake. Mwachitsanzo:. Zambiri pa tebulo la mtengo, pa desiki yanga kwa nthawi yaitali, etc. Komabe, pali turnovers zingapo, zimene prepositions ntchito pambuyo mawu amene zikugwirizanirana. Ndi okhazikika bwino mawu, kapena stylistic mbali ya wolemba. Mwachitsanzo: chotani.

gulu la prepositions

Pakuti mayiko kuphunzira kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe a ziwalo zonse za kulankhula anawagawa mitundu, mitundu ya kukha mfundo iliyonse zinathandiza. A Chigawo zilili pa nkhani ya mawu ntchito, zimathandiza kudziwa kuti akumvetseni bwino zimene chowiringula chinenero cha Chirasha, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani ntchito.

Choncho, pali 3 classifications la mbali ya kulankhula.

Choyamba, chiyambi prepositions anawagawa sanali otumphukira ( "primitives" mwachitsanzo, poyamba ntchito kupanga mawu: .. K, kuchokera pansi, pansi, kuti, etc ...) Ndipo ena ofanana (inakhazikitsidwa ku mbali ina kulankhula). Yotsirizira, nayenso akhoza kukhala wapakamwa (zikomo Patapita, ngakhale ngakhale) Denominative (chifukwa, kuti, mu kupitiriza, chifukwa chakuti mu mphamvu) ndi otnarechnymi (mu pafupi, kumbuyo, kutsogolo).

Chachiwiri, zikuchokera pali chosavuta (zigwirizana ndi liwu limodzi ndi kukhala ndi mizu yemweyo: kwa, pa, pa, kuti), zovuta (a mawu ochepa: pakuti, ngakhale) ndi pawiri (mawu amodzi, mizu angapo), prepositions (Zitsanzo : m'dzanja, chifukwa).

Ndi mtengo zamalankhulidwe

Izi prepositions gulu wopambana kwambiri, izo limapangidwa siyana waukulu 6:

1. Space kapena "danga" (ndi anasankha mawu yankho la funso "komwe?") Mu tebulo, kunja pa zenera, pa pamphasa, pansi nduna a.
2. Time - "liti? utali ": pakuti theka la ola, kuyambira m'mawa mpaka usiku, m'kupita kwa sabata.
3. Sakugwirizana - "kodi? zimene / amene ": I kulemba zokhudza chikondi, akulankhula za sukulu.
4. Modus operandi - "motani?" Mtima, ndi chikondi, ndi nkhawa.
5. Amachititsa - "Chifukwa chiyani?" Kuchokera kunyong'onyeka, mwa manyazi, mantha.
6. Zolinga - "Chifukwa chiyani? ? Ndi ": chifukwa zosangalatsa, kwa mayi.

ovuta mitu

Choncho, tinaphunzira kuti chochitira zimenezi, ndipo m'magulu malinga ndi dongosolo, chiyambi ndi kukha. Kwa anthu amene si ndithu kumvetsetsa zovuta kwa mbali imeneyi ya mawu, fotokozani zidule ena. Mwachitsanzo, ndithu nkhani yovuta: zimene anachokera amapereka ndi kusiyanitsa mu m'sentensi. Wothandizira pa nkhani imeneyi nthawi zonse, chifukwa akhoza kupempha mbali palokha wa kulankhula ndi utumiki - palibe. Mwachitsanzo, mu chiganizo kuti: "M'kupita kwa mtsinje anali ambiri amazipotokola," mawu yachiwiri ndi nauni ( "komwe - mkati?"). Pankhani ina (kwa ola limodzi, sindikanatha kugona) ndi chowiringula, chifukwa akuti kwapatsidwa mwa funso limodzi ( "utali - kwa ola limodzi"). N'chifukwa chake ukapezeka vuto lina, ndicho kufunika mukazindikira bwanji kulemba prepositions - ndi "E" pa mapeto, kapena "Ine". Adzakula kuphunzira ndi mtima; pakuti mu yotsatira, monga Chifukwa cha zimenezi, koma kenako.