Ndi ziwalo vegetative zomera zimene

Kukwezeleza zomera pa dziko limodzi ndi aromorphoses nambala (Mkhalidwe kusintha zamoyo zinachita), mmodzi amene anali zikamera ziwalo kusiyanitsidwa - mphukira ndi mizu. Izi ziwalo vegetative zomera nawo ndondomeko zonse zofunika ntchito thupi zofunika zina kuposa kubereka (udindo ziwalo zobereka). ntchito yaikulu ndi zakudya ndipo thupi ndi dzikoli. zomera imodzi mwa mapangidwe awiri - m'mlengalenga ndi lithosphere - kugwirizana ndi chofunika kwambiri ndi kukhala ndi nthaka, ndi mpweya. Ndi aliyense wa atolankhani awa kucheza ziwalo wapadera.

ziwalo Vegetative zomera apamwamba anawagawa mobisa (mizu) ndi aboveground (mphukira). Ndi muzu mbewu anakonza nthaka, kuyamwa chinyontho ndi zakudya kwa izo, wambirimbiri iwo natengedwa kuthawa, ndi zina anachita vegetative kafalitsidwe. Kusinthidwa mizu ndi muzu tubers (Yerusalemu atitchoku, dahlia), mbewu muzu (Beets, kaloti), kubwerera-muzu (pandanus, banyan), mizu mlengalenga (maluwa), kupuma mizu (taksodium), mizu sucker (Ivy). Poyamba, ziwalo zimenezi vegetative zokha chakudya mchere, koma nthawi zina iwo akuchita zinthu zachilendo kwambiri. mizu mlengalenga ena maluwa kusunga chinyezi mumlengalenga, pamene taksodiuma chigwire ntchito kupuma. epiphytes zambiri popachika mu mlengalenga, chifukwa kukhalapo kwa wotchedwa chlorophyll ndi mtundu wobiriwira ndi zimakhudzidwa photosynthesis.

Ntchito yaikulu ya athawe - mpweya mphamvu. Mosiyana ndi muzu, ndi limba zovuta ongokhala osiyana inakula mbali - tsinde, masamba ndi masamba. Mogwirizana ndi kuthawa izi nthawi zina anthu amaona ngati dongosolo lapadera chikukhudza osiyana koma zogwirizana mbali. Mu magwero ena amatha kukumana anthu amanena kuti tsinde, masamba ndi masamba - izi ndi ziwalo vegetative zomera. Mphukira ndi vegetative (masamba) ndi zobereka (kubala masamba, maluwa ndi zipatso).

Kupulumuka kwa m'munsi ndi tsinde, amene akuchita kugwirizana mizu ndi masamba, amathandiza ziwalo zobereka ndipo akupereka mayendedwe a madzi ndi zakudya kusungunuka. Nthawi zina tsinde la kumatanthauza kubalana vegetative, ndipo ali wamng'ono - ndi dzuwa. ntchito pepala monga dzuwa, transpiration, mpweya kuwombola, kasungidwe zinthu ndi micropropagation. Impso - ndi achikalekale kuthawa.

Pa ontogeny (munthu chitukuko) vegetative zomera ziwalo akhoza zimasintha kwambiri kapangidwe (metamorphosis). Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa wonena za nyengo kupulumuka imene mbali zina za zomera kusintha ntchito zawo pachiyambi. Mwachitsanzo, mu malo louma mitundu yambirimbiri ya masamba lidzasinthidwa minga kapena mamba kuchepetsa evaporation pamwamba. Pa succulents tsinde (African Euphorbia, cacti) minofu phesi - izo vodozapasayuschy ndi photosynthesis limba, imene axils masamba chimanga chosakhwima kukula mphukira wamfupi ndi Magulu a minga. zomera zimene zimadya (drosophyllum, pinguicula, sundew) masamba mtima m'misampha weniweni, amene ali chabe kapena yogwira njira kugwila tizilombo. Ena mpesa (Passiflora, mphesa) mphukira mlengalenga akusinthika mu kukwera ziwalo (tinyanga) - alinso metamorphosis.

ziwalo Vegetative zomera nawo asexual kubereka, ndilo mapangidwe achinyamata chamoyo kuchokera mbali ina ya makolo a. Njira imeneyi kafalitsidwe ndi ubiquitous kuthengo ndi ntchito mwakhama mu mbewu. Pankhaniyi, ntchito ngati ziwalo apadera (mizu, mababu, tubers ndi stolons) ndi zikuluzikulu (zimayambira, masamba).

Mu zomera m'munsi vegetative ziwalo ndi thupi lawo lonse, mwachitsanzo, ndi mycelium wa bowa ndi.