Neologisms Mayakovsky Zitsanzo

Neologisms Mayakovsky - chodabwitsa chidwi kwambiri mu Russian XX atumwi. Ndakatulo Vladimir nthawizonse zakhala luso ndi m'maganizo. Mwachitsanzo, wolemba ndakatulo zambiri linaphwanya miyeso ndakatulo moganizira nyimbo. Komabe, wapamwamba akuti mizere Mayakovsky nthawizonse Ufumuyo neologisms. Timanena za iwo m'nkhani ino.

Kodi neologism?

Asanayambe disassemble neologisms Mayakovsky, tiyeni tanthauzo la mawu akuti "neologism". Choncho, liwu limeneli lili ndi mizu Greek ndi tichipeza mizu awiri: ". Mawu" "neos" (kutanthauziridwa monga "latsopano") ndi "Logos" kutanthauza Ie neologisms otchedwa watsopano, monga mwa mawu kapena osakaniza mawu. Mu kulankhula, iwo ali yomweyo noticeable chifukwa cha kutsitsimuka ake ndi zachilendo.

Kulankhula neologisms kukopera, kumbukirani mawu amene anatulukira wolemba, ndipo anawagwiritsa ntchito zake. neologisms awa, monga kuyenera amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku, zitawonetseredwa makamaka okha pa masamba a ntchito zolembalemba.

N'chifukwa chiyani Mabuku a Mayakovsky neologisms zambiri?

Neologisms mu ndakatuloyi Mayakovsky a - si pofuna wolemba azikongoletsa lemba ili, zodabwitsa mmene zingamvekere, chinthu chikhalidwe. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti mapangidwe yogwira neologisms akuyamba kulankhula pa nthawi imene osakhazikika kapena akuyamba mwachangu kukhala patsogolo zamakono mu dziko. Pa mfundo imeneyi, n'zosadabwitsa kuti ambiri neologisms anaonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XX. nthawi iyi amakhala ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu mu dziko, ndi yogwira mizinda.

Mwa njira, kuchita Futurists, kwa amene anali Mayakovsky, analalikira chiyambi cha luso la zopangapanga ndipo ananeneratu luso lalikulu m'tsogolo.

Komabe, popanda izi zoona mwangwiro kunja, si koyenera kuti kuyiwala za talente a ndakatulo iyi. Mayakovsky kuyambitsa mawu zatsopano bwino ndi momveka bwino kusonyeza maganizo anu ndi zomverera. Mwachitsanzo, "opozharenny" mchenga (ndakatulo "Lilichka") - mu neologism izi mtima kwambiri kuposa mawu "otentha" kapena "otentha", ndi neologism ku mawu oti "moto" imene anayambitsanso mfundo zina: kuwotcha, kuwotcha amayaka, scalds, kupulumutsa (kuyambira pa moto zambiri chinachake akuwonongedwa), ndi zina zotero.

A pang'ono za chinenero Mayakovsky

Neologisms Mayakovsky - mbali ya chinenero choyambirira cha ndakatulo yake. Koma n'chifukwa chiyani njira imeneyi ndi limodzi mwa chinsinsi kwa iye?

Monga taonera, Mayakovsky ankachitira Futurists, kapena kani, cha malangizo ake, amene anatenga dzina la Cubo. Cubo-Futurists ankakhulupirira kuti nthawi yatsopano amafuna mitundu yatsopano, kotero iwo zikukangalika amathandizana ndi kusintha chinenero ake a ndakatulo. Cholinga chawo chinali kulenga sagwirizana nazo, choyambirira ndipo atsopano mawu. Mayakovsky monga mmodzi wa Cubo-Futurists kufalitsa-kupanga chimango cha chinenero, zomwe zinamuthandiza kulenga zithunzi apachiyambi omveka.

Mwachitsanzo, kutenga malo a ndakatulo kale "Lilichka": ". ... obezumlyus, kutaya mtima excised" Awiriwa neologism (obezumlyus ndi excise) amathandiza olemba momveka kwambiri kupereka boma la ngwazi m'nyimbo.

The chidwi kwambiri neologisms ndakatulo

Tiyeni atchule wotchuka ndi neologisms zachilendo Mayakovsky. zitsanzo:

• "Serdtselyudye" - dzina Mayakovsky amapatsa anthu amene angakhale Mars (ndakatulo "za").
• "Goloshtanny" - Mbali imeneyi choncho, unapatsidwa kwa anthu amene anayenera kusankha mphamvu ya bourgeoisie kapena Council, ntchito yake, "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin".
• "Drygonozhestvo" - epithet izi zikupita Kshesinskaia ballerina, amene ankakonda kwambiri a Nicholas II.
• "Zenga" ndi "molotkastye" pasipoti amakhala phunziro la kuzikonda ndakatulo a.
• "Ispavlinitsya" - kulongosola amapereka Mayakovsky nyumba, aliyense zenera kuti anali kumvera mitundu.
• "Bykomordaya" ndi "myasomyasaya" khamu Zikuoneka kuti owerenga ntchito oyambirira a ndakatulo iyi.
• "Verblyudokorabledrakoni" squadron yafotokozedwa mu ndakatulo "The Chachisanu Mayiko".
• "Zadolitsey" Mayakovsky anaitana apolisi mu ndakatulo yomweyo anadzipereka kwa Lenin.

Neologisms Mayakovsky: "The ulendo zapadera ..." (ndakatulo)

ntchito linalembedwa mu 1920, ndipo chikhalidwe chachikulu chinali wolemba yekha. Nkhani yaikulu - zovuta koma wolemekezeka ndakatulo ntchito. Ndakatulo wamangidwa pa kukambirana ndi amakhala ndi kutchulidwa mfundo journalistic. Waukulu njira luso anali kuyerekeza - akuyerekeza Mayakovsky kulenga njira ya ndakatulo iyi ndi moyo kwa dzuwa.

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane za zomwe neologisms Mayakovsky ndakatulo "aatali ulendo". Kapena kani, tikungotchula iwo ndi kufotokoza ntchito zawo:

• "Hump" phiri - tikayerekezera phiri ndi hump a.
• "The Village" - m'mudzi mawu ntchito mawu osonyeza chachimuna.
• "Zlatolobo" - dzuwa, ndiko kuti, "mutu wa Golidi" - ndi neologism ntchito chinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri ndi capacious tanthauzo.
• "Luch-masitepe" - dzuŵa akuyerekezedwa ndi zinthu zimene asapangiza njira ya dzuwa kuti ndakatulo iyi.
• "Tiziona" - kutanthauza tiyeni tipite - njira kuitana ndi choncho dzuwa.
• "Sonnitsa" - otsutsa kuti mawu akuti "tulo", mwachitsanzo, kugona, wofuna kugona.

Ife kutchulidwa neologisms onse ndakatulo Mayakovsky "aatali ulendo". Kuyambira zitsanzo Tingaone kuti ndakatulo amagwiritsa ntchito mawu atsopano kupereka zithunzi zioneke bwino za ndakatulo zake, komanso pofuna kupanga mawu awo molondola kwambiri ndipo mwamsanga.

NKHANI mawu maphunziro Mayakovsky

Kuphunzira ntchito ya ndakatulo iyi, akatswiri a zinenero anazindikira kuti wolemba analenga mawu ambiri amene angalenge dikishonale ya neologisms Mayakovsky. Komanso, anagwira malamulo ena mu derivation a ndakatulo iyi. Nawa ena mwa iwo:

• Wolemba zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito manambala oyambirira "mafuko" ndi "nthawi." Mwachitsanzo, "rasprazdnuem", "rasparhivalsya", "razmaysya", "razgazelis", "razdokazhu" ndi mamita P..
• Pakuti kasewenzetsedwe ka mau Mayakovsky anakonda angagwirizanitse "inu" ndi "c", amene amapereka mfundo mawu monga okwana kutha, chokwanira ndiponso kutopa: "kubowola kunja", "okhala", "vyhvalivaet", "vysinit".
• Kudya ndi kasewenzetsedwe ka mau "kwa" wolemba ndakatulo amawapatsa mtengo wa chiyambi cha "zasvistyvayut", "tili m'mavuto", "zatrubadurila".
• Kulumikizana prefixes "pamaso" ndipo "" amatanthauza kubweretsa choncho mpaka kumapeto, "doskakivaem", "protselovali".
• Part kasewenzetsedwe ka mau Mayakovsky mitundu ya manauni, ntchito tangotchulawo mtima "razmedvedil", "vymetalliziroval".

Zitsanzo zambiri za mawu mapangidwe

Neologisms Mayakovsky ndi wokongola mosalekeza. Pakuti derivation Choncho ntchito osati mtima, koma suffixes:

• Mwachitsanzo, chakale suffix "E", amene si ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali mu chinenero Russian: "dyade", "Dame", "mlendo", "chosamanga" (mawu awa choncho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito lero, anali anapanga ndi Mayakovsky).
• Nthawi zambiri, wolemba ndakatulo amagwiritsa diminutive suffix "luchenyshki", "yazycheshkoy", "statishke", "zhiznishku".

Pomaliza

Choncho, tinganene kuti neologisms a ndakatulo iyi - si chinthu stylistic, koma ena dongosolo chosiyana zikugwira ntchito malingana ndi malamulo yake. Ndi mu dongosolo, ndi kukongola kwa ndakatulo ya Mayakovsky, amene adakali captivate owerenga zithunzi ndi cholondola cha Mawu. N'zosadabwitsa kuti chonse Russian Cubo-Futurists, Vladimir Mayakovsky anakhala wotchuka kwambiri.