Nikolai Khmelev: yonena, moyo, chithunzi, chifukwa imfa

Mu 1939, zowonetsera kunja kwa dziko ankachitika ndi wotsogolera Isidorom Annenskim filimu "Mamuna Mlanduwu ndi". Mwina chifukwa yaitali nkhani imeneyi A. P. Chehova si kusinthidwa kwa zenera, koma mu 1965 chithunzi I. Ann anatuluka mu magazini atsopano, ndipo anadutsa zowonetsera a dziko. Filimuyo yomwe nyenyezi zisudzo kwambiri Nikolay Hmelev, Mikhail Zharov, Faina Ranevskaya, anali kwenikweni wanzeru, ndi nzika iliyonse Soviet Union ankadziwa zolimbitsa thupi mphunzitsi chinenero Belikov Greek. kapu yake, ochochki pang'ono mdima ndi otchuka akuti "Volga amalowa m'Nyanja Caspian, monga ngati chinachake sizinayende!" ankadziwa zonse, popanda kukokomeza. Kotero izo zimachitika kuti pafupifupi munthu ntchito anachita zisudzo wosewera kudadziwika dziko.

A mnyamata banja labwino

Belikov kwakukuru ankaimba Khmelev Nikolai Pavlovich. Iye anabadwa mu July 23, 1901 mu Sormovo, chigawo chakale cha Nizhny Novgorod. Pa wotchuka Sormovo sitima mbewu bambo ake ankagwira ntchito kapitawo wa. Mayi anga kuimba kwa mabanja olemera, monga mwana wa barrister ndi nawo maphunziro a zoimbaimba. Mwana anali kulandira ndi maphunziro abwino ndipo pamene mufika zaka anakhumba, iye anazindikiritsidwa mu wapadera weniweni wa sukulu Sormovo. Pamene chatsekedwa, mnyamata unasamutsidwira 2 Nizhny Novgorod sukulu.

6-TH Moscow masewera olimbitsa thupi

Mu 1916, Nikolai Khmelev ndi banja lake anasamukira ku Moscow, ndipo akupitiriza kusonyeza mu 6 Moscow sukulu. M'zaka zimenezi iye anachita chidwi ndi chithunzi ndi womangidwa likuwayenera kwa Stroganov School. Koma mabuku anali pafupi mnyamatayu. Njira yoyamba pa njira ya zisudzo, nayenso, amatanthauza nthawi ya maphunziro ku sukulu Moscow. Pa zoimbaimba anachita ndi monologues Berendey, Osip, Miller ndi Walsingham wa mankhwala (ankalemekeza) "Snow Buthu", "The Inspector Government", "Mermaid" ndi "Phwando mu Time a kolera."

Kusankha njira

Mwachionekere, mfundo kudzipereka kwa bwalo lamasewera, acezela tsogolo la Artist anthu. Chifukwa m'chaka cha anavomereza kuti yunivesite ya Moscow, mbiri-philological mphamvu ya Moscow Art Theatre akulengeza phwando aluso mu situdiyo 2 (analipo kuchokera 1916 1924), ndi Nikolai Khmelev mothandizidwa ndi thandizo la wotsogolera ake ndi mphunzitsi VL Mchedelova , apo pakubwera. Komanso woyamba makolo imeneyi situdiyo-Massalitinova N. Moscow Art Theatre zisudzo, H, ndipo N. Aleksandrov Podgorniy kudziwika monga atatu Nicholas, mu situdiyo 2 ed anaphunzitsa zedi monga E. Vakhtangov Leonidov L., V. Luzhsky.

masitepe loyamba

Mwa wophunzira wake ntchito Nikolai Khmelev amasamalirira kwambiri maonekedwe akunja ndi kudzipangitsa mmwamba. Zimenezi zathandiza udindo wa Firs mu "The Cherry zipatso," Karp mu "Forest", Snegirev mu "Abale Karamazov" ndi kutchulidwa, kuti iwo ali yotamandika anayankhira K. Stanislavsky ndi Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. Ndipo luso zodzoladzola N. P. Hmelev anaphunzitsa ku situdiyo atatu - Mchedelova, mu 2 na- Moscow Art Theatre ndi Zavadsky. ntchito yake pa siteji powonekera Nikolay Khmelev (wosewera) anayamba tingachipeze powerenga - ngakhale ndi "chakudya cha m'mawa" monga udindo wordless wa Mtumiki (1919).

Woyamba ntchito yogwiritsa

Izi lotulukira chete zinali zokwanira, ndi kokha mu 1923 H. Spiegelberg Khmelev anachita "achifwamba" Fr. Schiller. Udindo umenewu si anaona ndi kutsutsako, wakhala anazindikira ndi anzake, ndi udindo kutsatira kusewera "Elizaveta Petrovna" zinali presenters lapansi. Nikolai Pavlovich ankaimba Ushakov. Mu 1925 Nemirovich-Danchenko anamuuza kuti amupatsa udindo wamba Marey kusewera K. Treneva "Pugachevshchina". Udindo umenewu anapanga wotchuka N. Khmeleva.

chitetezo mkulu

Chaka chotsatira, 1926, iye ankasewera Alexey chopangira mphamvu ndi limakhala wosewera losadziwika. Ndi kusewera "Masiku a Turbin" M. A. Bulgakova, amene ankachitika pa Moscow Art Theatre, kwambiri nthano. Stalin ankakonda kusewera. Pali lomwe linali ataona mtsogoleri wa dziko analola kukondwerera Chaka Chatsopano, kotero iye ankakonda poyera ndi mtengo wa pa Khirisimasi chokongoletsera. Wosewera siimakupiza Stalin woyanjidwa - mphoto zitatu mu dzina mtengo wake chinachake. Ankakonda udindo wa Yosefe Vissarionovich Alexei Karenin ndi chopangira mphamvu.

masomphenya ake a udindo wa

Sewero lirilonse wotsatira anakhala mwala pakupita ndi ro wa zilandiridwenso - ndi Bolshevik aluntha Peklevanov mu "oti muli nazo zida Phunzitsani 14-69" Dzuwa Ivanova (1927), Kalonga mu "Dream Amalume a" F. M. Dostoevskogo, Firs mu "The Cherry zipatso" ndi Tsar Fedor Ioanovich. Udindo umenewu Nikolai Pavlovich afika pa umboni wa wamkulu V. M. Moskvina. Zabwino zonse zikugwira ntchito Skorobogatov ntchito mu sewero "Adani" A. M. Gorkogo. Aliyense image, ankaimba NP Khmelev, yodziwika ndi mbali yake yeniyeni khalidwe, aliyense anapeza achilendo kumvera pa kulankhula. Prince mu "Dream Amalume a" anachita Khmeleva osati monga kupusa monga zomvetsa chisoni.

Zisudzo. Yermolova

Mu 1932, Nikolai Khmelev (chithunzi Ufumuyo) atsegula situdiyo chakechake, chimene analipo mpaka 1937, limodzi ndi zisudzo. Yermolova. Nikolai Pavlovich anakhala wotsogolera luso la zisudzo, ndi kupanga loyamba pa msinkhu - "Osati khobidi, ndipo mwadzidzidzi Altyn" - anali wotchuka kwambiri. Mmalo awa adakhalabe mpaka imfa yake mu 1945. Mu 1941, N. P. Hmelev afika poyamba Stalin Prize chifukwa zinthu zazikulu za kulenga.

Linapereka analandira ndi ufulu wa

Mu 1942, wosewera analandira chachiwiri Stalin Prize chifukwa cha ntchito ya zomangamanga mu Zabelin "boma la Russia chimes" N. Pogodin. Pamene zisudzo anali anasamutsidwa (kuyambira 1941), N. P. Hmelev anaikidwa mutu wa gawo luso wa Moscow Art Theatre, wotsogolera mu 1943 anakhala M. Moskvin. ntchito ed akhoza zimachitika bwino kwambiri pamene TUZENBACH mu sewerolo "Zitatu Alongo" A. P. Chehova, ankachitika mu 1940. Akatswiri a wosewera anakhulupirira kuti iye anali chimake akhale mmisiri Nikolaya Pavlovicha Hmeleva. Onse maudindo ndi zisudzo wa zaka zomalizira za moyo wake akhala bwino. Pakuti makontena kwa iwo mu Moscow Art Theatre mu 1944, "The Anasokonezeka Last" ndi A. Ostrovsky mu 1946, atamwalira, Nikolai Pavlovich anali kupereka wa Stalin Prize wachitatu.

imfa yadzidzidzi

Nikolai Khmelev, amene yonena anali wosweka November 1, 1945, anafa monga wojambula lalikulu - pa siteji. Iye adawafotokozera udindo Ivana Groznogo mu sewerolo "chaka chovuta" ndi A. N. Tolstogo. Zinali kavalidwe rehearsal, wosewera anagwa, izo kunditumiza ku mpando wa mzere woyamba wa makola a. Yafika dokotala anazindikira kuti N. P. Hmelev nontransportable kuti Iye anali kufa. wosewera Great anasamukira ku chipinda chaching'ono choti avanlozhey, monga zisudzo anayamba ntchito madzulo (chifukwa si kupasula?). Anali "Akufa Miyoyo", nyimbo mokweza pa mpira pa kazembe ndi kuseka kwa oonera mosatekeseka anafa wabwino ndi zovala Khmelev Tsar Nikolai Pavlovich. Chifukwa cha imfa - sitiroko ndi kumangidwa mtima.

moyo

Iye anali ndi zaka 44 zokha. Zikatero, timanena kuti munthu "kutenthedwa pa ntchito" - naonekera mu zisudzo zimakhalira kumtundu kwathu ndi iye. Yermolova, ndi Moscow Art Theatre, nayenso, anali ndi ntchito yambiri. Komanso, mkazi wachiwiri wa Nikolaya Hmeleva Lala anali wakuda wokongola, anamukankha ku Yanshina chikondi chachikulu. Koma moyo wa Ammayi uyu anali Gypsy, kusangalala ndi Freestyle - kuimba zonse ndi kuvina mpaka mbandakucha mu Anachotsa nyumba N. Khmeleva. Iwo amati Roma ndi ankakolezera moto kumeneko. Ndipo nthawi zathandizira kuti matenda, kuti sindikanakhoza kupirira Nikolay Hmelev. moyo wa wojambula mu 1943 zinali zodzaza ndi mfundo za kubadwa kwa mwana wake Alyosha, amene pa November 2, tsiku atamwalira atate wake ndi zaka ziwiri.

zina

Kuti tikhoza kuwonjezera chakuti mphwake wa N. vnuchatny Khmeleva, Dzina lake ndi Dzina (ngakhale kwathunthu, patronymic E., mwana wake Alyosha analibe ana) - ndi wosewera wa ku Mayakovsky Theatre. Kugulu, anali kudziŵika pambuyo kuwombera pa mndandanda "boma la Russia cadets". Pomaliza nkhani, mukhoza kuwonjezera kuti Nikolai Pavlovich Khmelev anali kupereka dongosolo la Red mbendera ya Labor ndi mendulo ndipo monga taonera kale, ankalemekeza USSR State Prize (poyamba Stalin) mu 1941, 1942 ndi 1946 ankalemekeza. Zina mwa ntchito filimu Tingaone mu filimu "Generation wa opindula", linatuluka mu 1936. Kumizidwa N. P. Hmelev pa Novodevichy manda ku Moscow.