Nyama yaikulu padziko lonse: kufotokozera, malo ndi zochititsa chidwi

Zaka mamiliyoni zapitazo, dziko lathu lapansi linakhala ndi nyama zazikulu - dinosaurs. Masiku ano, palibe ziphona zotere, koma ngakhale lero pali zolengedwa zodabwitsa pa Dziko Lapansi. Kodi nyama yaikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi ndi iti? Tiyesa kuyankha funso ili m'nkhaniyi.

Njovu ya ku Afrika

Chimphona ichi ndi chachikulu kwambiri ndi zinyama kwambiri zinyama zakukhala m'dzikolo. Njovu za ku Afrika zimakula kufika mamita 3.3, m'litali - mpaka mamita asanu ndi awiri ndi hafu ndipo nthawi imodzimodzi amalemera makilogalamu sikwi zikwi. Mayi ndi ofooka pang'ono kuposa amuna, kutalika kwake ndi mamita awiri ndi theka, kulemera kwake ndi pafupi makilogalamu zikwi zitatu.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti njovu yaikulu ya ku Africa ilibe adani enieni, omwe sichidabwitsa, chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwa nyama. Koma kwa ana aamuna, mikango, ng'ona, ingwe ndi anyenga amaopseza kwambiri.

Chisindikizo

Pamaso panu - njovu yam'mlengalenga (kumwera) - woyimira mtundu wa njovu, banja la zisindikizo zenizeni. Ichi ndi chachikulu kwambiri choimira mapulaneti padziko lapansi. Unyinji wake umakwanira matani 4, ndipo thupi lalitali ndiloposa mamita 6. Ichi ndi chinyama chachikulu padziko lapansi (chodyera) chimatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha thupi la mafuta ndi chikopa chachikopa pamphuno mwa amuna, zomwe zimakhala pa nthawi ya mating kapena pamene chisindikizo chikudetsa mu mpira waukulu.

Kum'mwera kwake kunatchulidwa dzina lake kuti likhale losiyana ndi wachibale wake wapamtima - nyanja ya njovu yakumpoto, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mapiri a California ndipo imakhala yochepa kwambiri kuposa iyo. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, chifukwa cha zakudya za nyama zazikuluzikulu ndi squid ndi nsomba, amakhala pa mamita zikwi mazana. Pofunafuna chakudya, zisindikizo zimamangidwa ndipo nthawi yambiri imapangidwa pansi pa madzi. Mbiriyi inalembedwa mwalamulo - pafupi maola awiri.

Zambiri mwa moyo wa njovu m'nyanja zimagwiritsa ntchito m'madzi a m'nyanja, nthawi zambiri zimatuluka pamtunda, nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yochezera. Kawirikawiri pa nthawi ino, amuna amakonza nkhondo zeniyeni.

Girafa

Poyankha funso, ndilo dziko lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, mwinamwake ambiri mwa owerenga athu adzati: "Girafa!" Inde, palibe aliyense padziko lapansi amene angafanane naye. Ng'ombe yamphongo yofiira imakula mpaka mamita asanu ndi limodzi mu msinkhu. Amuna amalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu 1600, akazi amakhala ochepa - 830 kilogalamu.

Ngakhale ana amadziŵa za chidziŵitso cha nyamayi - khosi lalitali ndi lamphamvu lomwe limapanga pafupifupi theka la kutalika kwake.

Zimbalangondo

Ndipo kachiwiri ife timabwerera ku funso la yemwe ali nyama yaikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti zimbalangondo zoyera (kapena polar) zimatha kutchula mutuwu, koma palinso mtundu wa barere wofiira padziko lonse - Kodiak, omwe si otsika mu kukula kwa chimphona chakumpoto. Ndi kukula kwake, nyama izi ziri zofanana, kotero asayansi sanafikebe kuvomerezana, zomwe ziri zambiri.

Kutalika kwa zimbalangondozi kumachokera ku 1,6 mpaka 2 mamita, kutalika nthawizina kumadutsa mamita 3. Anthu akuluakulu omwe analembetsa payekha ankalemera makilogalamu 1003 (bere la polar) ndi 1135 kilogalamu (Kodiak).

Chilakolako chachikulu

Ndipo tsopano tipita ku Japan, kumene nyama yaikulu kwambiri (amphibian) imakhala. Chida chachikulu (giant) chachikulu chotchulidwa m'buku la World Red Book, popeza tsopano likuwonongedwa.

N'zovuta kutchula cholengedwa ichi: thupi lake lalikulu lidzaphimbidwa ndi ntchentche, mutu waukulu ndi wochepa. Mchira wautali umakanikizidwa kuchokera kumbali, paws ndi wandiweyani, koma nthawi imodzimodziyo mochepa mwadzidzidzi. Maso ang'onoang'ono amafanana ndi miyendo, ndipo alibe zaka. Thupi liri ndi chikopa chofewa ndi mphonje pambali. Thupi la thupi la "cutie" limeneli lifika masentimita zana limodzi ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri, ndi kulemera - pafupifupi makilogalamu makumi atatu.

Chochititsa chidwi - ichi ndi amphibiya ali ndi nyama yophika kwambiri, yomwe amaonedwa kuti ndi yokoma. Kuwonjezera apo, ziwalo zake zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala ochiritsira. Ochiritsa amatsutsa kuti mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku nyama yaikulu ya Salamander ndi mankhwala ochiritsa matenda a m'mimba, chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda ena.

Nsomba Yowonjezera Nyanja

Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule za anthu okhala m'madzi. Iyi sindiyo nyama yaikulu padziko lapansi, koma simungathe kuitchula muzokambirana kwathu. Tili otsimikiza kuti munthu wina wochokera kumsitima wodzitcha pamadzi adzakumana ndi nsomba zoterezo panjira, adzakhumudwa kwambiri.

Mu nsomba za m'nyanja za m'nyanja (Mola-Mola) mafupawa sali otupa, koma amodzi. Kunja kumafanana ndi mutu waukulu wa nsomba ndi mchira. Cholengedwa chodabwitsa ichi cholemera makilogalamu chikwi ndi kutalika kwa mamita awiri akhoza kudabwitsa ngakhale oyendayenda omwe akudziwa bwino kwambiri omwe awona nyama zambiri zachilendo. Zimakhala ndikuchulukitsa nsomba zazikulu kwambiri m'madzi a Indian, Pacific ndi Atlantic. Nthaŵi zambiri amatha kuona m'madzi a ku Iceland, Newfoundland, Norway, Britain, ndi Kola Peninsula.

Ng'ombe za Nyanja

Chitetezo chachikulu ichi chimakhala ndi malo ambiri - kuchokera ku gombe lakummawa kwa India ndi Kumwera chakum'maŵa kwa Asia mpaka kumpoto kwa Australia. Ng'ombe yaikulu yamphongo yam'madzi imalemera makilogalamu chikwi, kutalika - mpaka mamita 5.5. Izi ndizofunika kuziyika. Ochita kafukufuku amanena kuti pali amuna oposa 6.

Ng'ombe yam'madzi ndi nyama yowonongeka, yadyetsa nkhuku, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyamwitsa, nsomba ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, imamenyana ndi nyama iliyonse yomwe ingalowe m'deralo, mosasamala komwe ili - pamtunda kapena m'madzi.

Nkhumba za umuna

Masiku ano, mtundu umodzi wokha wa umuna wamoyo umakhala padziko lapansi. M'litali amatha kufika mamita makumi awiri ndikulemera pafupifupi matani makumi asanu. Ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa kwambiri, nyama yakuya pansi pa nyanja ilibe adani. Chokhacho chokha chingakhale nyulu zakupha, zomwe nthawi zina zimayambitsa akazi ndi ana awo.

Giant tridacna

Pamaso panu (chithunzi chili pansipa) ndilo lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Lamulo la nyama zomwe limatchulidwa limatchedwa Veneroida. Zimagwirizanitsa bivalve mollusks kuchokera ku chigawo cha raznochub.

Giant tridakna, yomwe ili ku Pacific, ili ndi chipolopolo chachikulu. Kutalika kwake kukuposa mamita awiri. Thupi la Mollusc ndilo kilogalamu 400. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti zinyama za nyama zimakhala ndi zooxanthellae zomwe zimakhala ndi photosynthesis ndipo ndi chakudya cha mollusk. Tridakna digest ndi gawo la algae mwachindunji mu matenda, chifukwa matumbo ndi osasinthika.

Mphepete mwa nsalu yayikuluyi imayambira pakati pa ma valve ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe a optical-ang'onoang'ono omwe amatsitsimutsa mchere omwe amaikidwa mu thupi la mollusk. Zigawo za chipolopolo ndi zazikulu, zowirira, yunifolomu. Monga oimira onse a chigawo ichi, chipolopolo cha mollusk sichikhala ndi pearlescent layer.

Amakhala "mfumu ya shellfish" m'nyanja ya Pacific ndi Indian, pamtunda wa mamita 25. Iye amatchedwa wakupha, monga pali milandu pamene anthu ena anagwa mwangozi ndikuwonongeka. Magulu a zipolopolo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa madzi, kotero zimatha kutsekedwa ndi kayendedwe kakang'ono pafupi ndi chovalacho. Tridakni amakhala pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri.

Nkhono zazikulu zimatha kupanga ngale zazikulu: ngale yaikulu ya Lao Tzu imalemera makilogalamu asanu ndi awiri. Komabe, ngale iyi yodzikongoletsera ilibe kanthu.

Nyama yaikulu padziko lonse ndi blue whale

Nyama yam'madziyi ili mamita makumi atatu m'litali ndipo imalemera pafupifupi matani 180. Miyeso imeneyi imapangitsa kunena kuti nsomba ya buluu ndiyo nyama yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yomwe ikukhala pano.

Buluu wamtunduwu, ngakhale kuti ndi lalikulu kwambiri, amadya zinyama zing'onozing'ono zofanana ndi shrimp. Iwo amadziwika kuti krill. Maziko a chakudya cha nsomba ndi plankton. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zida za tectonic zopangidwa ndi mbale za whalebone, nsomba ya buluu imadya mpaka kriyoni mamiliyoni makumi anayi tsiku lililonse m'nyengo ya chilimwe. Chilankhulochi chikulemera matani awiri ndi theka. Mtima wa whale wa buluu umalemera pafupifupi makilogalamu mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Amadziwika kuti ndi aakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi.