Nyenyezi - zakuthambo kuti pounikira okha

Zakuthambo - sayansi kuti amachita ndi kuphunzira zinthu zakuthambo. Asamalira nyenyezi, comets, mlengalenga, nyenyezi, ndipo alibe alephere zochitika yanuyo zikuchitika kunja m'mlengalenga, monga cheza dziko.

Kuphunzira zakuthambo, tikhoza kupeza yankho la funso "matupi akumwamba kuti pounikira okha. Ndi chiyani icho? ".

Matupi a dongosolo la zowalitsa

Kupeza ngati pali matupi akumwamba kuti pounikira okha, choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa zina zakuthambo dongosolo dzuwa.

Dzuwa System - dongosolo mapulaneti, malo nyenyezi - dzuwa, ndi kuzungulira 8 mapulaneti: Mercury, Venus lapansi, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. Kuti thupi lakumwamba otchedwa dziko, ndi amafunika zotsatirazi:

• Kodi mwaulesi rotational mozungulira nyenyezi.
• Afanane ndi dera wina, likuvutika yokoka chokwanira.
• Ndi kuzungulira kanjira kake matupi aakulu.
• Musachite nyenyezi.

Mapulaneti musati zimatulutsa kuwala, iwo angakhoze kokha kusonyeza kugwa pa iwo dzuŵa. Choncho sitingathe kunena kuti dziko - ndi matupi akumwamba kuti pounikira okha. Izi zakuthambo nyenyezi.

Sun - gwero la kuunika Padziko Lapansi

zakuthambo kuti pounikira okha - nyenyezi. Yapafupi nyenyezi Padziko Lapansi - ndi dzuwa. Zikomo kuti kuwala kwake ndi kutentha, zamoyo zonse pakhale ndi kukhala. Dzuwa ndi pakati padziko limene maplaneti, miyezi, asteroids, comets, meteorites ndi fumbi dziko.

Dzuwa zikuwoneka olimba ozungulira chinthu, chifukwa pamene inu muyang'ana pa izo, contours ake ngati momveka bwino. Komabe, ali Chomangika ndipo wapangidwa ndi mipweya, choyambirira Pakati wa hydrogen ndi idalimkugwa, ndi zinthu zina.

Kuona kuti Sun alibe contours bwino, m'pofunika kuyang'ana ndi kadamsana ndi. Ndiye inu mudzazindikira kuti lozungulira malo galimoto, amene ali kangapo wamkulu kuposa awiri ake. Mu chowala ochiritsira wa kampira ndi zosaoneka chifukwa cha kuwala. Choncho, dzuwa alibe malire enieni ndi kusungidwa mu boma gaseous.

nyenyezi

nyenyezi zilipo ndi osadziwika, iwo zili pamalo kutali Lapansi ndi kumaoneka ngati madontho ang'onoang'ono. Nyenyezi - thupi lakumwamba kuti kuwala nokha. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?

Nyenyezi - losonyeza muzochitika wapangidwa ndi gasi, zimachitika zochita nyukiliya. pamwamba ndi osalimba osiyana ndi kutentha. Kukula kwa nyenyezi amasiyana ndi mzake, pamene iwo ali ndi unyinji wochuluka zachilengedwe. Pali nyenyezi kuti amakhala akuluakulu kuposa kukula kwa dzuwa, ndi apo, ndi mosemphanitsa.

Iwo wapangidwa ndi gasi, mokulirapo - haidrojeni. Pamwamba pake, ndi kutentha, molekyulu wa hydrogen linagawanika mu maatomu awiri. Atomu imakhala purotoni ndi elekitironi. Komabe maatomu mchikakamizo cha kutentha "kumasulidwa" ma elekitironi yawo, ndipo mpweya, wotchedwa - plasma. Atomu, otsala popanda elekitironi ndi, wotchedwa ngale.

Monga nyenyezi limatulutsa kuwala

Star, chifukwa mphamvu yokoka, amayesetsa compress yokha yokha, chifukwa mu gawo chapakati kwake mwamphamvu auka kutentha. Zikadzayamba zochita nyukiliya, chifukwa mu mapangidwe helium ndi pakati latsopano, chomwe mapulotoni awiri ndi neutrons awiri. Chifukwa, mapangidwe phata latsopano, wambirimbiri mphamvu anamasulidwa. Tinthu-photons kuoneka mphamvu owonjezera - iwonso kunyamula kuwala. Kuwala uku ali ndi kuthamanga amphamvu, omwe umachokera kuchokera pakati pa nyenyezi, chifukwa ndi bwino pakati zoipazi wochokera ku likulu ndi mphamvu yokoka.

Motero, matupi akumwamba kuti pounikira okha, ndicho nyenyezi kuwala popereka mphamvu zochita nyukiliya. mphamvu iyi umalimbana kuthetsa mphamvu yokoka ndi umuna wa kuwala. The unyinji wochuluka nyenyezi ndi, mphamvu zambiri adzamasulidwa, ndi owala kuwala kwa nyenyezi.

comets

Nyenyezi tichipeza ayezi aumirira, mmene mipweya, fumbi. Phata la zilibe zimatulutsa kuwala, koma pamene tipemphela pakati pa dzuŵa akuyamba kusungunula ndi tinthu fumbi, dothi, mipweya panamveka mu mlengalenga. Iwo apanga ngati mtambo chimbuuzi mozungulira nyenyezi, amene amatchedwa - chikomokere.

Sitingathe kunena kuti nyenyezi - thupi lakumwamba kumene kumawala palokha. Kuwala chachikulu kuti limatulutsa, zimaonekera dzuwa. Kukhala kutali ndi dzuwa, nyenyezi ndi zosaoneka kuwala, ndipo kokha akuyandikira ndi kulandira kuwala kwa dzuwa, izo zimaonekera. Nyenyezi yokha limatulutsa pang'ono kuwala chifukwa maatomu chikomokere ndi tizidutswa kuti zimatulutsa photons dzuwa analandira. "Mchira" a nyenyezi za - ndi "anagwa fumbi" imene yafotokozedwa ndi dzuwa.

meteorites

Mothandizidwa yokoka padziko lapansili ukhoza kugwera olimba matupi dziko, ndipo amatchedwa meteorites. Iwo sakudziwa kutentha mu mlengalenga podutsa kukutentha kwambiri ndi kuyamba zimatulutsa kuwala. Chotero losonyeza kugwa kwa miyala yochokera wotchedwa chammwamba.

Mu mavuto mlengalenga zikhoza chammwamba inasokoneza powomba ambiri yaing'ono. Ngakhale kuti ndi lotentha kwambiri, mbali mkati zambiri amakhalabe ozizira, kuyambira mu waufupi nthawi akugwa, sanathe kutenthetsa kwathunthu.

Ndizachidziwikire kuti matupi akumwamba kuti pounikira okha - nyenyezi. Only angathe chifukwa matabwa ake ndi njira zikuchitika mkati zimatulutsa kuwala. Salembedwa, tikhoza kunena kuti kugwa kwa miyala yochokera - thupi lakumwamba kumene kumawala palokha, koma izi zimatheka pamene akulowa mlengalenga.