Oranienbaum - zowoneka. Momwe kuti Oranienbaum

Mwa okhala dziko ili mu mzinda wa St. Petersburg, Oranienbaum allocated. Zokopa izo adalowa ndi zovuta luso analenga ntchito ouziridwa a mapulani wotchuka, amisiri aluso, amisiri ndi ambuye wa Tirhana na Timatheriyali kwa m'ma XVIII ndi lofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya chikhalidwe Russian ndi dziko.

Oranienbaum

Mu 1707, dziko pafupi confluence ya Gulf of Finland Karasta Mtsinje anapatsidwa ndi Peter I (Mfumu) mnzake Alexander Menshikov, yemwe anali bwanamkubwa wa Ingermanland, ceded ku Russian ufumu pa mapeto a Great kumpoto nkhondo. Mwa dongosolo la ankakonda mfumu pa malo m'mphepete mwa nyanja pandunji pa chilumba cha Kotlin mapulani Schedel G. ndi D. Fontana inamangidwa pa Grand Palace, pafupifupi wabwino monga ukulu wake yachifumu Mfumu pa Peterhof. Komanso cholinga Nizhny munda zonse - mmodzi wa oyamba mu Russia. Kuzungulira dziko zogona Aleksandra Menshikova, dzina iwo Oranienbaum, anabwera chimodzimodzi dzina Pridvortsovy Pamudzi.

Chiyambi cha dzina osaka akuyesera kuti afotokoze Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana. Nthano ina imati pano pa ankakonda Peter Ine ili Wild lalanje orangery (Oranienbaum mu German - za mtengo wa lalanje). Pa masitepe ndi stairways panja wa Grand Palace m'chilimwe anasonyeza mu miphika zachilendo kwa North - zomera yobiriwira wa mtundu Komatu.

nkhani zogona

M'mbiri ake kunali kale zaka zoposa 300, okhala zasintha kwambiri eni, ndi kuthetsa anapatsidwa mwayi wokhala mumzinda.

Mu 1743 m'nyumba ya Anam'samutsira lino Peter III, amene anakwera pa mpando wachifumu mu 1761. Pambuyo kulanda boma yachifumu mu 1762 kuti Catherine II anamanga nyumba yachifumu mu Oranienbaum, amene analowa mu "Omwe Dacha". Ntchito yomanga nyumba zake zinali zitsanzo chabe za kalembedwe kamangidwe ka Rococo anapereka ku Russia.

Kuyambira 1796 chinali dziko okhala m'banja lachifumu ndi katundu ankadutsa m'badwo wotsatira. Pamaso zitasintha, eni ake otsiriza anazilemba Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

Pambuyo zochitika za 1917, nyumba ya zipilala m'mbiri komanso kamangidwe akhala anasamutsa zochokera m'gawo la Oranienbaum Forest College. Mu ena zachifumu, makamaka mu China, zakale anali otseguka. Mu 1948 mzindawu anadzatchedwa Lomonosov. "Oranienbaum" (monga mutu) zinasungidwa kuti zovuta zakale. Ntchito ya mzinda dzina lake chachikulu Russian wasayansi sizinachitike mwangozi. Pafupi apa, m'mudzi wa Ayenela-Ruditsa, zinali uchikumbe wake, ndi zasayansi ntchito yokonza galasi akuda.

Mu nthawi unawonongedwa Oranienbaum anamuthawa, kumangidwanso lalikulu linayamba mu 90s mochedwa.

Mu 2007, wapadera zovuta wakhala anayambitsa mu State Museum "Peterhof". Tikumbukenso kuti mu mzinda wa St. Petersburg osati zagonjetsedwa kwa chiwonongeko panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ndipo anasunga za m'mbiri ndi mbiri yakale ndi mapulani gulu loyimba "Oranienbaum" zokopa amene mndandanda wathunthu woimira nyumba zogona Petergofskaya msewu.

Mapulani ndi malo ovuta

Nyumba ndi m'mapaki wa Oranienbaum tichipeza atatu gulu loyimba luso analenga m'zaka za m'ma XVIII. Polenga ntchito yawo imachita ankaimba ndi Antonio Rinaldi. Kalembedwe Italy wamanga wosiyana rationalism, interleaved conservatism. Mu ntchito zake ndi Oranienbaum Chinese Palace, Opera House, Dvorets Petra III ndi "kutsetsereka Hill."

maofesi paki zonse zimapanga ngati zikuchokera, amene lagawidwa wotsika Garden ndi Menshikov Palace ndi Upper Park, ndi zipilala zake ambiri mbiri.

Kumangidwa lapadera Petrine nyengo

Yomanga Grand Palace ndi chilengedwe padziko wotsika Park, omwe ndi ofala a mapulani ndi luso umodzi, chinali chiyambi cha chilengedwe ndi ovuta "Oranienbaum". Zokopa wa gawo ili la zovuta kamangidwe, kuwonjezera pa Menshikov Palace monga thupi Catherine, Monplaisir Palace, Marly Palace, Nyanja Ngalande ndi Njira losaiwalika akasupe.

Onse a iwo akupezeka nthawi yathu. Grand Palace yokha, ngakhale limasinthira mobwerezabwereza, osati zambiri zasintha maonekedwe ake. Iye nthawizonse anakhala pafupi dongosolo lake loyambirira, lomwe lilili Udindo mwa kuukitsidwa wapadera kwa Petrine nyengo.

art malo

Zaluso malo a nthawi kuti ife tayesera kuti lichoke ku mfundo za kusokonezeka nthawi zonse minda. Polenga dziko Upper Park Rinaldi anatha kukwaniritsa kusintha yosalala kwa mmodzi wa mbali stylistic ndi mzake. Aluso wojambula moganizira maonekedwe a m'dera wowoneka bwino, kusiyanitsa Oranienbaum. Park, wopangidwa mwa zing'onozing'ono ndi Omwe Petershtadskogo gulu loyimba teamed pamodzi. Palibe mizere okhwima manicured mtengo akorona ankaikira kukonzekera zonse. Koma bwino pali mgwirizano zogwirizana, amene ophatikizidwa zovuta dongosolo zojambula makwalala, playgrounds madzi ndikuyenda mayiwe ndi nyanja yokumba chikugwirizana ndi ngalande chipolowe zachilengedwe zakutchire ndi zomangamanga wapadera. inawo ukufanizidwa ndi osakaniza wapadera rococo kalembedwe ndi zinthu za classicism nascent.

Luso kamangidwe. Kaphatikizidwe kukongola ndi phindu

Mbali yekha wa Upper Park ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi ntchito ya nyumba zonse izo zimapangidwa ndi wamanga chomwecho. Luso kapangidwe Rinaldi limodzi ndi matsenga kukongola ndi phindu la kaphatikizidwe wa. Kusakaniza m'njira zosiyana mu kukongola, kugwirizana nthawi zonse ndi malo mfundo njira ofanana nawo mayendedwe onse chimasiyanitsa Oranienbaum zowoneka zimene ndi zogwirizana ophatikizidwa mu lonse limodzi ndi wa Edene, zokhudza kukongola ndi ulemerero.

Mapulani ndi luso gulu loyimba wa paki

Mu kuya kwa Upper Park maso nyumba yachifumu Chinese, ndi mbali ya dacha Omwe. N'zochititsa chidwi kapangidwe ija inali kutchedwa "Dutch House". Dzina latsopano anabwera mochedwa ndipo anamupangitsa mafashoni zambiri "kitayschinu". Mkati ulemerero wa nyumba ya analengedwa mu mzimu wa luso Chichaina, ndi Chijapani.

Zovuta Omwe munda mulinso lamdima lija wotchuka Pergola ongokhala pylons 54 pansi ku dziwe mwala madzi masitepe. Iwo unalengedwa m'zaka za m'ma XIX ndipo ndi yokongola kwambiri ya mamangidwe m'munda wa nthawi imeneyo. Pergola anamanga pa malo Coffee House, amene simunabweretse moyo Rinaldi.

Iwo limatisonyeza "kutsetsereka Hill," chomwe ndi maofesi paki chachikulu. Pano, m'bwalo zosangalatsa siketing'i ndi zithunzi ayezi, akubwera mmodzi ndipo amapanga kutalika mamita 532. Traditional wowerengeka zosangalatsa analipo chilimwe.

Pomanga "Stone Salo" mwina zinayenera zoimbaimba. Panopa, pali zokambirana mafilimu a kanema ndi chionetsero mkati kapangidwe ndi chosema paki.

The Upper Park akhoza kuona apakavalo Corps, Aulemu chipata, hema, amatchedwa "Chinese zakudya".

Peter paki

Petrovsky Park - chirengedwe china Rinaldi. akufuna kuchitidwa ndi nawo ambuye Lamberti. Pamene analengedwa zinthu za malangizo zonse dzinali lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito pa maziko a minda Italy. Ambiri mathithi, masitepe interspersed ndi pavilions kakang'ono pakati pawo - ziwiri storey Hermitage, Solovyov mipando, Chinese nyumba.

Tsopano Park Petro ndi kalembedwe malo. maziko ake compositional ndi Karasta mtsinje wa Upper ndi wotsika mchere.

Kodi kupeza "Oranienbaum"?

yogona Royal pafupi ndi St. Petersburg aphatikizidwa zosiyanasiyana maulendo kukawona malo. Pitani iwo ndi mungathe nokha, ngati inu kudziwa pasadakhale mmene kumeneko.

Oranienbaum ili m'tauni ya Lomonosov, yomwe ili makilomita 40 kuchokera likulu kumpoto. Ndi bwino kuno ku mbali ya kum'mwera-kum'mawa kwa mzinda. Choncho, kwa siteshoni "Oranienbaum" (mu Lomonosov) wakulanda inu ku siteshoni mobisa "Avtovo" patakisi K-424a, basi №200; pa 'Chiyembekezo Veterans malo - basi №343. Kuchokera Station Baltic mu Lomonosov kuyenda magetsi.

Poyamba, kuchokera Kronstadt kuti m'nyumbayi-malo amene anapezedwa ndi boti, tsopano mosavuta basi №175.

zam'manja kalozera

Pakhomo ku paki mapu ndi m'madera osiyanasiyana, amene anatchuka chifukwa Oranienbaum. Photo dongosolo m'tsogolo kungakuthandizeni kukonzekera ulendo wanu. Kodi kulabadira malangizo a otsitsira chitsogozo nayo paki - amagetsi ntchito "Oranienbaum Park". Iwo ali dongosolo, mikono, mfundo zokhudza mbiri ya zovuta ndi yochepa kanema.