Pear Academic: kufotokozera, zithunzi, ndemanga, kukwera ndi zinthu

Peyala ndi chipatso chokondeka cha anthu ambiri. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, tikukamba za mitundu yake ya kumwera. Kumadera akutali a Russia, ndipo makamaka kumpoto, zipatso zotere sizikupezeka. Komabe, abambo amasiku ano amapereka mwayi wokondweretsa anthu okhala mmudzimo. Ngakhale kuti nyengo ikuchitika, mungathe kukula mapeyala ochititsa chidwi omwe adzakhala ndi maonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Kuwoneka kokongola kwambiri pa nthambi za peyala Maphunziro. Kufotokozera, zithunzi, ndemanga - izi ndi zomwe zimatikonda lero. Zipatso zimasiyana mosiyana ndi kukula kwake, komanso ndi kuwala kowala.

Ndemanga yochepa

Msikawu izi zakhala zikuzungulira kwa nthawi yayitali, choncho sizidzakhala zovuta kupeza mbande m'masitolo apadera. Koma tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zomwe peyala ya maphunziro ndi. Mafotokozedwe, zithunzi, ndemanga - izi ndizo zothandiza zonse zomwe zingathandize munthu wokhalamo kuti asamachite zolakwa zambiri ndikupeza zokolola zabwino.

Kotero, uwu ndi nthawi ya kukhwima, yomwe inapezeka ku Moscow Agricultural Academy. Timiryazev. Zipatso ndi zazikulu, 130-150 g, ndi mtundu wa maroon wakuda. Chodziwika, sichidabwa ndi nkhanambo.

Chibadwa Chamtundu

Pakali pano, sanakhazikitsidwe molondola. Komabe, makhalidwe omwe ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi obereketsa kuti mu 1997 zitsanzozo zidatengedwa pofuna kuyesedwa kovuta kwa boma, pambuyo pake kalasiyo inalimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'madera akumidzi. Komabe, molingana ndi deta zosiyanasiyana, zikhoza kuweruzidwa kuti peyala yophunzira imathandizanso kukula kumpoto kwambiri. Malongosoledwe, zithunzi, ndemanga zomwe tifotokoze lero, zimatsindika kuti nyengo yozizira ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yapamwamba kwambiri, yomwe imalola kuti ipulumuke ngakhale nyengo yovuta. Kwa Russia ichi ndi chofunika kwambiri. Koma zokolola zake ndizochepa. Ndipo izi zilibe kanthu kuti mtengo wokha ndi waukulu kwambiri. Koma zipatso zimakhala zamoyo zonse, mwangwiro kupita ku keke ndi chakudya chololedwa, komanso kupanga compotes, kuyanika ndi kusunga.

Zochitika za zosiyanasiyana

Izi zimathandiza kwambiri posankha malo otsetsereka, choncho mvetserani mwatsatanetsatane khalidweli. Maonekedwe a korona ndi apiramidi ambiri, ophatikizika ndi owopsa. Koma mtundu wa akatswiri a fruiting umasakanikirana. Zipatso zambiri zimapezeka. Nthawi zambiri, misa yawo imafika 150 g, ngati chipatsocho chimamangidwa pang'ono, chimatha kukula mpaka 250 g. Momwe mawonekedwe a peyala ndi aakulu, tuberous. Mtunduwo ndi wachikasu, koma pamene umatuluka, maluwa ambiri amafalikira.

Idyani makhalidwe

Kodi ndi chokoma bwanji peyala yogulidwa, yakucha pansi pa dzuwa lotentha ndi kubweretsa ku masitolo athu, kotero zingakhumudwitse zipatso zamatabwa zomwe zinang'ambika pamtengo mumunda wanu. Komabe, nthawi zambiri izi zimangochitika chifukwa chakuti anthu okhala m'nyengo ya chilimwe sanayembekezere kukwanira. Izi zimasiyana ndi zamaphunziro. Kufotokozera, zithunzi, ndemanga zidzakuthandizani kupewa zolakwika zoterezi.

Choncho, malingana ndi dera lanu, mukhoza kukolola zipatso kumayambiriro kwa autumn, kutumiza ku benchi, kucha, kapena kuwalola kuti apachike pamtengo mpaka atayaka. Kuwotchera okonzeka kumakhala ndi zoyera, zowutsa mudyo, zowirira komanso zowonjezera mafuta. Kukoma ndi kosangalatsa kwambiri, kokoma ndi kowawa. Fungo labwino ndi lofooka, ngakhale kuti kukoma kwakukulu kumathetsa vutoli.

Zothandiza

Zipatso zosonkhanitsa zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira iliyonse chaka chonse. Ichi ndi chodabwitsa pa maphunziro a pearar. Mafotokozedwewa amachititsa kuti zikhulupirire kuti zakhala zouma bwino ndipo zikulumikizidwa mwa mawonekedwe a compote. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri, chifukwa zipatso zabwino zimakhala ndi fructose ndi organic acids, pectins ndi tannins, michere ndi phytoncides, flavonoids ndi mavitamini. Ena mwa omalizawa, ofufuza amapeza chiwerengero chachikulu cha A, E, C, P, PP, B. Komanso, peyala ndi gwero la zinthu monga iron ndi calcium, potaziyamu ndi ayodini, mkuwa ndi magnesium, molybdenum ndi fluorine.

Zipatso zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira zimathandiza kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Mapeyala amachititsa kuti mankhwalawa asamayende bwino. Zimathandiza kuti thupi likhale ndi mtima komanso m'mimba, zomwe zimathandiza chiwindi ndi impso. Kutayidwa kwa mapeyala kapena compotes kumathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda opweteka ndi urolithiasis. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kudya mapeyala nthawi zambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi thupi lolemera kwambiri.

Sankhani malo obzala

Tiyeni tiyankhule tsopano za momwe tingakulire chozizwitsa chotero pa tsamba lanu la dacha ngati peyala ya Maphunziro. Mafotokozedwe, zithunzi, ndemanga, kutsika - izi ndizofunikira zonse zomwe muyenera kukhala nazo. Choyamba, musanabweretse nyemba kunyumba, muyenera kumusankhira malo ndi kukonzekera dzenje lakudzala.

Choncho, zosiyanasiyanazi zimafuna kuwalitsa bwino. Apo ayi, mtengo udzakula, koma padzakhala zipatso pang'ono, ndipo aliyense wa iwo adzakhala ndi shuga pang'ono. Pitirizani, tifunikira kufufuza momwe mungathe kusefukira malowa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti peyala Maphunziro (kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, zithunzi, ndemanga zatsimikiziranso izi) sizikulekerera kuti madzi akuyenda bwino. Ngati malowa ali m'madera otsetsereka, muyenera kupanga mulu kapena madzi owonjezera. Ndikofunika kuti tebulo la pansi ndilo mamita awiri.

Sankhani dothi

Ndipo ndi mtundu wanji wa nthaka yomwe mapeyala osiyanasiyana amaphunzira maphunziro? Malongosoledwe (ubwino wa zosiyanasiyanazi ndizogwirizana kwake) akugogomezera kuti pa malo aliwonse mtengowo udzasunthira msanga ku kukula. Komabe, sizingakhalepo pa nthaka ya dongo. Pachifukwa ichi zidzakhala zofunikira kupanga malo abwino otsetsereka osachepera mita imodzi. Acidity ayenera kukhala ofooka, osapitirira 6. Mchenga wotchedwa chernozem ndi wabwino kwambiri. Ngati liri ndi mchenga wambiri, ndiye kuti mtengo udzakula bwino ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito feteleza nthawi zonse.

Kusankhidwa kwa mbande

Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa peyala ya Gulu la Maphunziro kumatsindika kuti kulimbana kwakukulu kwa matenda ndi kupulumuka kwabwino pafupifupi pafupifupi zonse. Koma chifukwa cha ichi muyenera kugula mbewu yabwino. Samalani ndi boma la makungwa ake, liyenera kukhala losalala ndi losalala, popanda makina owonongeka ndi kuvunda. Mzuwu ndi mutu wosiyana. Mizu iyenera kukhala bwino bwino, osati pamwamba-zouma, yokutidwa ndi mapiko a dziko lapansi. Pamunda wamunda, kukwera maenje ayenera kukonzekera, kumene zakudya ndi feteleza zimayambira. Ngati dothi likuda kwambiri, laimu akhoza kufunika.

Nthawi ya chaka

Zing'onozing'ono za peyala Maphunziro m'katikati mwa Russia, ndipo mochuluka kwambiri kumpoto, ndi bwino kwambiri kubzalidwa m'chaka, kuti akhale ndi mwayi wabwino kuti azizoloŵera ndi kuima chimfine. Simungakhoze kuchedwa ndi izi, chifukwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo pamene masamba akuphuka, chomera chomera chimawonjezereka ndipo chimafooketsa kukula kwawo. Choncho, m'pofunika kukhala ndi nthawi isanafike impso zikuphulika.

Njira yobwera

Mtengo wolimba uyenera kuthamangitsidwa kumalo otsetsereka. Adzasunga mbewu mpaka iye mwiniyo akulimbikitsidwa. Mbewu imayikidwa motero kuti mizu ya mizu inali pamwamba pa nthaka, pafupifupi masentimita 3-5. Kuti mukhale ndi rooting yabwino, muyenera kuyamwa bwino mbeuyo. Pochita izi, gwiritsani ntchito madzi okwanira 10 malita. Tsopano mmerawo umaphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi ndi kuthiriridwa kachiwiri. Mzere wozungulira umayenera kuwonetsedwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza

Pear Academic ndi nyengo yozizira, yovuta kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri kwa zakudya zam'mimba komanso za nthaka. Bwalo loyambira liyenera kuthira panthawi ya maluwa ndi fruiting, kuti zinthu zomwe zatulutsidwa zikhale zosavuta kuzilowetsa ndi mizu. Nthawi zambiri kudyetsa kumadalira mtundu wa mtengo, komanso nthaka yoyamba kubereka.

Kawirikawiri, wamaluwa amatsogoleredwa ndi kukula kwa chaka ndi chaka. Chizolowezi cha mtengo wamkulu ndi kukula kwa mphukira pachaka ndi masentimita 40. Ngati chizindikirochi sichifikira, m'pofunikira kufalitsa feteleza. Kawirikawiri ino ndi nthawi ya chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Gwiritsani ntchito fetereza m'chaka ndi kugwa, koma m'nyengo ya chilimwe, njirayi ikhozanso kuchitidwa. Zamoyo zimayenera kuwonetsedwa kamodzi kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Mchere ayenera kuphunzitsidwa kamodzi pachaka.

Kudula mtengo

Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa ngati mutasiya nthambi zonse, ndiye kuti mtengo ulibe mphamvu yakukula zipatso zambiri. Kukonza kudulira kukulolani kuti mumange korona mwakuti mphamvu zonse zimapita ku mapeyala opsa. Sikofunika kuti misa mtengo mu tsiku limodzi. Wodziwa bwino munda, m'malo mwake, amachotsa ngaleyo kuchokera ku nthambi zosafunikira m'zinthu zingapo.

Ndondomeko yoyenera yochita kukonza ikuwoneka ngati ichi. Nthawi yoyamba kupanga mawonekedwe kumachitika. Ndikokuti, mumapanga korona yolondola. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, muyenera kusungunula, kuchotsa nthambi zouma kapena matenda. Amabereka musanayambe nyengo yobzala. Pomalizira pake, mtundu wotsiriza wa kudula umachitika kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Icho chimatchedwa chothandizira. Pachifukwa ichi, dulani mbali za nthambi zazikulu, kuti pasakhale katundu wambiri wambiri. Kuti muzindikire ndondomekoyi, mukufunika nthawi imodzi kuyesera.