Phuket - Tsunami (2004): History ndi Zotsatira

Tsunami - chimphona ndi yaitali mafunde kuti chifukwa cha m'madzi chiphala zotupa kapena chivomezi ndi ukulu wa mfundo oposa 7. Pa chivomezi m'madzi ankatembenukira magawo a pansi pa madzi kuti ndipamene angapo mafunde zowononga. liwiro awo angafikire 1000 km / ora, ndipo kutalika - 50 mamita ndi pamwamba. Pafupifupi 80% ya kusefukira kwa madzi chidzachitika Pacific Ocean.

Tsunami ku Thailand (2004), Phuket

December 26, 2004 - Lero anapita mu mbiri monga tsiku la tsoka la kufanana chachikulu chimene chinachitika miyoyo yosawerengeka. Pa ndzidzi onowu tsunami mu Phuket (2004). Patong, Karon, magombe ena anavutika kuposa Akristu ambiri. Pa 07:58 m'dera nthawi pansi pa nyanja ya Indian Ocean pafupi ndi cisumbu ca Simeulue anatuluka chibvomezi champhamvu zoopsa kuti mfundo 9,3. Zinabweretsa mndandanda lalikulu mafunde chimphona kuti anthu padziko lonse akukumbukirabe ndi mantha ndi chisoni. Madzi wakupha maola ochepa akumanidwa m'miyoyo ya anthu pafupifupi 300 zikwi ndipo anamupangitsa chiwonongeko choopsa pa gombe la Asia.

Thailand anali mmodzi wa limati zowawa zomvetsa katundu ku alimbane wa madzi. Ngoziyi anakantha dera la kumadzulo kwa gombe. Mu 2004, madzi osefukira pa magombe a Phuket inawonongedwa zomangamanga: Map, zibonga ndi mipiringidzo. Zinali malo otchuka pakati alendo padziko lonse lapansi - Karon, Patong, Kamala, Kata. Malinga ndi ziwerengero ambiri, anapha anthu mazana angapo.

Mbiri ya chiyambi cha ngozi yaikulu

Zinali mmawa wamba, pamene ambiri anali akadali pa bedi, koma ena ndi zina pa gombe. Pansi pa nyanja panali mantha lamphamvu, chimene chinachititsa kuti kusamuka kwa madzi. zodabwitsa mobisa anali imperceptible mwamtheradi, choncho palibe amene amaganiziridwa chiyambi cha tsokalo. Pa liwiro la 1000 Km / h yoweyula akhamukira kugombe la Thailand, Sri Lanka, Indonesia ndi Somalia. Choncho anayamba tsunami mu Phuket (2004). Karon Beach anali m'madera chovuta kugunda.

Ndi kufika pa msinkhu dziko la madzi m'madera ena anali pafupifupi 40 mamita. Tsunami mu TH Phuket 2004 anali amphamvu kwambiri zowononga mphamvu kwambiri kuposa kuphulika kwa bomba la atomiki ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki.

Pafupifupi ola limodzi pambuyo undersea chivomerezi ndi dziko anayamba kuchitika zinthu zachilendo, kwinakwake mu madzi kumanzere 1.5 Km from gombe, phokoso chete ya mafunde, mbalame ndi nyama anayamba kuthawa mwa mantha kutali (m'mapiri). Anthu sankamvetsa mwakamodzi mavuto onse ndipo anasonkhana zipolopolo ndi shoaled pansi pa madzi. Popeza wakupha yoweyula mamita 15 mkulu anali woyera Crest, si nthawi yomweyo kuonekera pa nyanza. Pamene madzi osefukira mu Phuket (2004) anadza kwa gombe, izo zinali mochedwa kuthawa. Ndi liwiro zosaneneka mafunde onongani zonse mu njira yake. mphamvu oipawa walola kuti atenge makilomita awiri kumtunda.

Pamene mafunde zoyenda anaima, madzi mwamsanga kumbuyo. Kuopsa chachikulu wosanyamula madzi wokha, ndi zinyalala, mitengo, magalimoto, konkire, rebar zikwangwani - onse amene agonjetsa kumana munthu moyo.

Zochita za madzi mu Phuket 2004

Maonekedwe - ndi kumadzulo malekezero a Pacific Rim zivomezi, komwe kunachitika mu pafupifupi 80% ya zodabwitsa lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Panali kosangalatsa wa mbale Indian pansi pa Burma kumene wovulala kutalika kwa m'ma 1200 makilomita. Ngoziyi anali amazipanga lalikulu, monga Indian mbale pansi pa nyanja limodzi ndi gawo la Australia ndi gawo la Eurasian m'Chibama. Rift mbale anawagawa magawo awiri ndi mpata wa mphindi zochepa. Mlingo wa mogwirizana anali makilomita awiri pa chachiwiri, kuti akonze vuto malangizo ndi Nicobar Andaman Islands.

tsunami amenewa zoopsa Phuket sanali makumi asanu ndi atatu. Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kuti tiyenera pochitika zaka zana pamaso mbale chikugwirizana chakuti chindithandize kachiwiri. Malinga seismologists, tsunami mu Phuket (2004) anapezanso mphamvu, amene ali wofanana ndi mphamvu ya megatons asanu TNT.

Zotsatira za tsokalo

zotsatira tsoka chabe choyipa. Phuket pambuyo tsunami (2004) - ndi mantha chithunzi. makina ali mu hotelo modutsa, bwato - pa ntsoyi ya nyumba, ndi mtengo - mu dziwe. Ndicho chimene madzi wachita. Nyumba yemwe anaima pa gombe anaziwonongeratu. Thai Paradaiso - Phuket - Tsunami (2004), chithunzi chimene mungathe kuwona kuchokera mu pepala, anatembenukira kwa gehena. Kuchokera wreckage mipando, nyumba, magalimoto ankatha kuona mitembo ya anthu ndi nyama. Anapulumuka anali mu mkhalidwe ngati kakasi kuti iwo samakhoza kuchoka pa dziko la tsokalo. Tsunami ku Thailand mu 2004 (Phuket) sanatero limodzi: aziweyulira kumbuyo kawiri ndipo anatenga moyo wa anthu 8500. Mmodzi wa osankhika Phi Phi Island kwathunthu atapita pansi madzi. A ambiri akuvutika - ana.

pakagwa tsoka

Pomwepo atachoka madzi, opulumutsa ayamba kukhwimitsa kuthetsa zotsatira zake. Iwo mwamsanga asonkhanitsidwa asilikali ndi apolisi, anamanga msasa pa tsokali. Popeza chilumba ndi otentha kwambiri nyengo kukula ndi ola lililonse likadutsa chiopsezo kuipitsidwa opatsirana a madzi ndi mpweya. Choncho, kunali koyenera kuti tipeze akuvutika onse, n'zotheka kudziwa ndi kukaika. magulu posungira ntchito usana ndi usiku popanda kupuma. M'mayiko ambiri m'dzikoli osati anakhalabe opanda chidwi ndi ukapolo anthu ogwira ntchito ndiponso chuma kuthandiza anthu Thai.

Zoyerekeza chiwerengero cha anthu amene anaphedwa ku Phuket anali 8 zikwi. 500, kumene 5 zikwi. 400 anali ochokera m'mayiko akunja, ochokera m'mayiko oposa makumi anai mu dziko pamene 2004 madzi osefukira. Zinali tsunami azifa kale lonse.

Mawuwo asayansi ndi akatswiri

Pakachitika tsoka, kunali kofunika kudziwa magwero a mavuto ndiponso kukhwimitsa chitetezo. Akuluakulu Thai Mwawalumikiza ndi kutsatira dongosolo lonse la zochitika mu kuya nyanja. Inakhazikitsidwa machitidwe chenjezo okhala mu nkhani ya ngozi, iwo anali ophunzitsidwa mu malamulo pa mbendera belu. Chandamale gulu la zonsezi sizinali am'deralo kokha, komanso alendo.

mphamvu yaikulu kuti adzikonzenso zomangamanga, yothandiza ndi zokopa alendo akhala ntchito. Pachilumba cha nyumba anamanganso nyumba ya cholimba analimbitsa simenti, kumene makomawo anamangidwa mu kufanana kapena pa makona oblique kuti kayendedwe anafuna wa madzi.

Zaka pambuyo pa tsokalo

Today kale zaka khumi kuchokera tsiku la tsokalo, amene adapha za mazana atatu ambirimbiri, wasiya chisoni m'mitima ya anthu padziko lonse. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Thailand anali kukonzanso bwinobwino malo amene anakhudzidwa. chaka A pambuyo pa tsokalo, anthu amene ataya denga pamwamba pa mutu wake, anapereka nyumba yatsopano. nyumba anali inamangidwa ndi zipangizo zimene vuto la ngozi akhoza kupirira masoka achilengedwe.

Lero, alendo pafupifupi kuiwala mavuto kwambiri adamthamangira kupita kukapuma pa gombe la ufumu. Pambuyo tsunami mu Phuket (2004), Karon Beach, Patong Beach, ndi malo ena onse otchuka kukongola kwambiri. nyumba yabwino ndi maofesi zinamangidwa. Ndi machenjezo yekha za kuopsa kubwerera kwa anthu pa nthawi ya tsoka.

Russia amene anapulumuka tsunami

Phuket mu 2004, Patong Beach ndi magombe ena alendo - ichi ndi malo a mpumulo, ndipo ambiri alendo Russian. The Russian akazembe ku Bangkok pambuyo tsoka Hour ndodo mwadzidzidzi. Likulu analandira pafupifupi 2,000 foni kuyitana patsiku. Mndandanda woyamba anali pafupi 1 zikwi. 500 Russia amene mwina pa chilumba pa nthawi ya tsoka.

Mpaka January 6, pali kufufuza munthu aliyense pa mndandanda. Kuchokera tsiku loyamba la tsoka la anthu onse anathandiza anthu ongodzipereka - ku Russia tikukhala mu Thailand, komanso ogwira ntchito za mabungwe kuyenda. Pang'onopang'ono, opulumuka anali, mu kufanana zimapangitsa mndandanda achoke ndege Russian Utumiki wa Zochitika Emergency. Mu njira iyi, kunapezeka kutumiza kunyumba za makumi asanu ndi atatu Russia ndi nzika za maiko oyandikana.

Komanso analemba mndandanda wa chosowacho. January 8 kufufuza unathera, kuyang'ana. Pafupi chaka cha chizindikiritso cha tsokali. Kenako, anthu anayamba kuonedwa kuti salinso chikusowa akufa.

Kodi Ine ndidza kwa Thailand pambuyo ndi mavuto padziko lonse?

Pambuyo tsoka , akuluakulu Thai ndi asayansi American anakhazikitsa padziko lonse lapansi dongosolo kwambiri madzi kudziwika oyambirira a kusefukira kwa madzi. Zidziwitso za zam'tsogolo amapezeka maola angapo pamaso ngozi. Komanso, tsoka chidayesedwa changwiro dongosolo la gulu la anthu kwa mafunde aakulu. Ngakhale anthu a kakang'ono ngati Phi Phi akhoza kuchoka ku mapiri.

dongosolo, amene walengezedwa Alamu pasadakhale, wayesedwa 11 April 2012, pamene tsunami chinachitika kachiwiri (onse anasamutsidwa, matsoka sikuti mavuto zoipazi, onse mu 2004). Komanso, asayansi kuneneratu kuti pamaso pa ngozi yotsatira ndidzadutsa ambiri zaka.

Anthu amene ali ndi mantha kuti asangalale ndi nyanja, apaulendo odziwa akulangizidwa kupita kumpoto kwa dziko limene chinthu choyipa chomwe chingabweretse njira yopulumukira a mabanki mtsinje wa Chao Phraya ndi Mekong. Izi zosasangalatsa ndithu, koma osati oopsa.

Kodi kuchita ngati madzi osefukira zidzachitike?

Chizindikiro choyamba cha kuyandikira yoweyula chimphona chivomezi. Pakali pano, chitetezo Thailand ndi kudziwa kusintha mu madzi akuya nyanja, idzakhala chizindikiro ngozi. Mulimonsemo ndi Sitinganyalanyaze outflow zakuthwa madzi. Imeneyi, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga kwambiri.

Ngati mwakumana ndi inagwedezeka, kapena kodi kuchenjeza za tsunami, muyenera:

• kusonkhanitsa chuma chonse, kuteteza waukulu zotheka Chiwerengero cha anthu za kuopsa kwa msangamsanga kusiya gawo;
• kundibisa ku mafunde chimphona mu mapiri kapena malo ili kutali gombe;
• kulabadira osonyeza njira yayifupi pa phiri;
• Yoweyula woyamba kukhala laling'ono, kotero muyenera kukhala malo abwino kwa maola pafupifupi awiri kuti amalize tizigona.

Pambuyo ochuluka 2004 madzi osefukira, boma ndikusinthidwa dongosolo chitetezo, ndi lero chiopsezo zowopseza yafupika.